Editing Separatism (section)

{{Short description|Advocacy for separation from a larger group}}
{{Redirect-distinguish|Separatist movement|Separation of powers}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Prose|date=August 2021}}
{{Original research|date=August 2018}}
}}
{{Politics}}
'''Separatism''' is the advocacy of cultural, ethnic, tribal, religious, racial, regional, governmental, or gender separation from the larger group. As with [[secession]], separatism conventionally refers to full political separation. Groups simply seeking greater autonomy are usually not considered separatists.<ref>{{cite book|first=Don|last=Doyle|title=Secession as an International Phenomenon|url=https://ugapress.org/book/9780820337128/secession-as-an-international-phenomenon|publisher=University of Georgia Press|date=2010|isbn=9-780-8203-3008-2|access-date=2020-10-16|archive-date=2020-10-19|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201019230139/https://ugapress.org/book/9780820337128/secession-as-an-international-phenomenon/|url-status=live}}</ref> Some discourse settings equate separatism with [[religious segregation]], [[racial segregation]], or [[sex segregation]], while other discourse settings take the broader view that separation by choice may serve useful purposes and is not the same as government-enforced segregation. There is some academic debate about this definition, and in particular how it relates to [[secession]]ism, as has been discussed online.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://networks.h-net.org/node/3911/discussions/90459/secessionism-and-separatism-monthly-series-secession-and/|title=Secessionism and Separatism Monthly Series: "Secession and Secessionism" by Alexandar Pavković - H-Nationalism - H-Net|website=networks.h-net.org|access-date=2016-03-21|archive-date=2016-04-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160401032718/https://networks.h-net.org/node/3911/discussions/90459/secessionism-and-separatism-monthly-series-secession-and/|url-status=live}}</ref>

Separatist groups practice a form of [[identity politics]], or political activity and theorizing founded in the shared experiences of the group's members. Such groups believe attempts at integration with dominant groups compromise their identity and ability to pursue greater [[self-determination]].<ref name="Stanford">{{cite book|url=http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-politics/|chapter=Identity Politics|publisher=[[Stanford University]]|title=Encyclopedia of Philosophy|date=November 2, 2007|access-date=May 7, 2008|archive-date=August 30, 2006|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060830015202/http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/identity-politics/|url-status=live}}</ref> However, economic and political factors usually are critical in creating strong separatist movements as opposed to less ambitious identity movements.<ref name="Horowitz">See D.L. Horowitz's "Patterns of Ethnic Separatism", originally published in ''Comparative Studies in Society and History'', 1981, vol 23, 165-95. Republished in John A. Hall, ''[https://books.google.com/books?id=9_matAX1z8cC The State: Critical Concepts]'', {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170327181021/https://books.google.com/books?id=9_matAX1z8cC |date=2017-03-27 }}, Routledge, 1994.</ref>