Editing Shift JIS (section)

{{Short description|Japanese character encoding}}
{{Infobox character encoding
| name = Shift JIS
| mime = Shift_JIS
| alias = MS_Kanji,<ref name="iana31j"/> PCK<ref name="convutf8">{{citation|mode=cs1 |url=https://github.com/kofemann/opensolaris/blob/80192cd83bf665e708269dae856f9145f7190f74/usr/src/cmd/ldap/common/convutf8.c#L305 |title=convutf8.c |work=[[OpenSolaris]] |at=Line 305 |date=2008-11-12}}</ref><ref name="oracle">{{cite web |url=https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E19683-01/817-5770/whatsnew-s9fcs-215/index.html |title=Additional Japanese iconv Modules |work=What's New in the Solaris 9 9/04 Operating Environment |publisher=[[Oracle Corporation]]}}</ref>
| standard = JIS X 0208:1997 Appendix 1
| lang = Primarily [[Japanese language|Japanese]], but also supporting [[English language|English]], [[Russian language|Russian]], [[Bulgarian language|Bulgarian]], [[Greek language|Greek]]
| status =
| prev = 
| extends = [[JIS X 0201]] 8-bit format
| encodes = [[JIS X 0208]]
| next = [[#Shift_JISx0213 and Shift_JIS-2004|Shift_JIS-2004]] (JIS)<br />[[Windows-31J]] (web<!-- Per W3C / WHATWG standards, the labels Shift_JIS and Windows-31J are treated the same; the W3C/WHATWG spec uses the Shift JIS name, but its definition actually matches Windows-31J (not JIS X 0208 Appendix 1). -->)
| classification = [[Extended ASCII|Extended]] [[ISO 646]],{{efn|Not in the strictest sense of the term, as ASCII bytes can appear as trail bytes.}} [[variable-width encoding]], [[CJK characters|CJK encoding]]
}}

'''Shift JIS''' (also '''SJIS''', [[MIME]] name '''Shift_JIS''', known as '''PCK''' in [[Oracle Solaris|Solaris]] contexts)<ref name="convutf8"/><ref name="oracle"/> is a [[character encoding]] for the [[Japanese language]], originally developed by the [[Japan]]ese company [[ASCII Corporation]]{{efn|The [[ASCII Corporation]] should not be confused with the [[ASCII|ASCII encoding]] used elsewhere in this article.}} in conjunction with [[Microsoft]] and standardized as '''JIS X 0208 Appendix 1'''.

Shift JIS is based on character sets defined within [[Japanese Industrial Standards|JIS]] standards {{nowrap|[[JIS X 0201]]:1997}} (for the [[single-byte character]]s) and {{nowrap|[[JIS X 0208]]:1997}} (for the [[double-byte character]]s).

{{As of|2025|01}}, less than 0.05% of surveyed web pages used Shift JIS (actually decoded as its superset [[Code page 932 (Microsoft Windows)|Windows-31J]] encoding), a decline from 1.3% in July 2014.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techs.com/technologies/history_overview/character_encoding|title=Historical trends in the usage of character encodings for websites, January 2025 |website=w3techs.com|access-date=2024-01-07}}</ref> Shift JIS is the third-most declared character encoding for Japanese websites (though in effect it means its superset [[Windows-31J]] is used, so it is third-most popular), declared by <!-- 1.0% (before 4.9%) or for non-UTF-8 combined: 100-98.6% = (used to be 4.4%, now calculated at most 1.2% for non-UTF-8) --> 1.0% of sites in the .jp domain, while [[UTF-8]] is used by 99% <!-- rounding up --> of Japanese websites.<!-- 98.6% (was 95.6%) for .jp (plus Shift JIS 0.5% (was 3.4%) + EUC-JP 2.5%, totaling more than 100%) as opposed to 98.6% (was 96.5%) for the Japanese language (i.e. not the country domain) then EUC-JP is next at 2.6% as opposed to Shift JIS for .jp --><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techs.com/technologies/segmentation/tld-jp-/character_encoding|title=Distribution of Character Encodings among websites that use .jp|website=w3techs.com|access-date=2024-12-10}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://w3techs.com/technologies/segmentation/cl-ja-/character_encoding|title=Distribution of Character Encodings among websites that use Japanese|website=w3techs.com|access-date=2024-12-10}}</ref>

Shift JIS is also sometimes used in [[QR code]]s (they are a Japanese invention also allowing UTF-8, which may though be preferred use).<!-- I see code claiming to use Shift JIS with it but it seems it might actually use "JIS8 (QR 2000)" (as subset or a variant of it?) only for "Kanji, full-width Kana"? --><ref>{{Cite web |title=Is UTF-8 the encoding of choice for QR-codes with non ASCII chars by now? |url=https://stackoverflow.com/questions/9699657/is-utf-8-the-encoding-of-choice-for-qr-codes-with-non-ascii-chars-by-now |access-date=2024-11-01 |website=Stack Overflow |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=QR Code features |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130129064920/http://www.qrcode.com/en/qrfeature.html}}</ref>