Editing Sigmoid colon (section)

{{Short description|Section of the large intestine closest to the rectum and anus}}
{{Infobox anatomy
| Name        = Sigmoid colon
| Latin       = colon sigmoideum
| Image       = ColonSigmoideo.png
| Caption     = Drawing of [[colon (anatomy)|colon]] seen from front<br />(sigmoid colon coloured blue)
| Width       = 
| Image2      = Gray1223.png
| Caption2    = Front of [[abdomen]], showing surface markings for [[liver]], [[stomach]] and [[large intestine]]
| Precursor   = [[Hindgut]]
| System      = [[Digestion|Digestive system]]
| part_of = [[Large intestine]]
| Artery      = Sigmoid branches of [[inferior mesenteric artery]], [[sigmoid arteries]], [[internal iliac artery]]
| Vein        = 
| Nerve       = [[Inferior mesenteric ganglia]] and [[sacral nerve]]<ref>{{cite book| title= Essentials of Human Physiology| first= Thomas M. |last= Nosek| chapter=Section 6/6ch2/s6ch2_30 |chapter-url=http://humanphysiology.tuars.com/program/section6/6ch2/s6ch2_30.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324124828/http://humanphysiology.tuars.com/program/section6/6ch2/s6ch2_30.htm|archive-date=2016-03-24}}</ref>
| Lymph       = 
}}
{{Gastrointestinal tract sidebar}}
The '''sigmoid colon''' (or '''pelvic colon''') is the part of the [[large intestine]] that is closest to the [[rectum]] and [[anus]]. It forms a loop that averages about {{convert|35–40|cm}} in length. The loop is typically shaped like a Greek letter sigma (ς) or Latin letter S (thus ''[[sigma]]'' + ''[[wikt:-oid#Suffix|-oid]]''). This part of the [[Colon (anatomy)|colon]] normally lies within the [[pelvis]], but due to its freedom of movement it is liable to be displaced into the [[abdominal cavity]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Harkins |first1=JM |last2=Sajjad |first2=H. |title=Anatomy, Abdomen and Pelvis, Sigmoid Colon |url=https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31751014/ |website=National Center for Biotechnology Information |publisher=StatPearls Publishing, Treasure Island, FL |access-date=31 January 2024}}</ref>