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Single-photon emission computed tomography
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{{Short description|Nuclear medicine tomographic imaging technique}} {{Infobox medical intervention | Name = Single-photon emission computed tomography | Image = SPECT Slice of Brain using Tc-99m Ceretec.jpg | Caption = A SPECT slice of the distribution of [[technetium exametazime]] within a patient's brain | ICD10 = | ICD9 = {{ICD9proc|92.0}}-{{ICD9proc|92.1}} | MeshID = D01589 | OPS301 = {{OPS301|3-72}} | OtherCodes = }} [[File:Mouse02-spect.gif|thumb|260px|SPECT image (bone tracer) of a mouse [[Maximum intensity projection|MIP]]]] [[File:Lead collimator.svg|alt=|thumb|Collimator used to collimate gamma rays (red arrows) in a gamma camera]] '''Single-photon emission computed tomography''' ('''SPECT''', or less commonly, '''SPET''') is a [[nuclear medicine]] [[tomography|tomographic]] imaging technique using [[gamma ray]]s.<ref>{{MeshName|SPECT}}</ref> It is very similar to conventional nuclear medicine planar imaging using a [[gamma camera]] (that is, [[scintigraphy]]),<ref>{{cite journal|title=A CdTe detector for hyperspectral SPECT imaging|publisher=IOP Journal of Instrumentation | doi=10.1088/1748-0221/7/08/P08027 | volume=7|issue=8 |journal=Journal of Instrumentation|page=P08027|year=2012|author=Scuffham J W|s2cid=250665467 }}</ref> but is able to provide true [[3D computer graphics|3D]] information. This information is typically presented as cross-sectional slices through the patient, but can be freely reformatted or manipulated as required. The technique needs delivery of a gamma-emitting [[radioisotope]] (a [[radionuclide]]) into the patient, normally through injection into the bloodstream. On occasion, the radioisotope is a simple soluble dissolved ion, such as an [[Isotopes of gallium|isotope of gallium]](III). Usually, however, a marker radioisotope is attached to a specific ligand to create a [[radioligand]], whose properties bind it to certain types of tissues. This marriage allows the combination of ligand and [[radiopharmaceutical]] to be carried and bound to a place of interest in the body, where the ligand concentration is seen by a gamma camera.
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