Editing Small interfering RNA (section)

{{Short description|Biomolecule}}
{{see also|RNA interference}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2020}}
[[Image:SiRNAvitro.gif|thumb|right|Mediating RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells.]]
'''Small interfering RNA''' ('''siRNA'''), sometimes known as '''short interfering RNA''' or '''silencing RNA''', is a class of [[double-stranded RNA|double-stranded]] [[non-coding RNA|non-coding]] [[RNA|RNA molecule]]s, typically 20–24 [[base pair]]s in length, similar to [[microRNA]] (miRNA), and operating within the [[RNA interference]] (RNAi) pathway.  It interferes with the [[gene expression|expression]] of specific genes with complementary nucleotide sequences by degrading [[messenger RNA]] (mRNA) after [[Transcription (biology)|transcription]], preventing [[translation (biology)|translation]].<ref>{{cite book | vauthors = Laganà A, Veneziano D, Russo F, Pulvirenti A, Giugno R, Croce CM, Ferro A | chapter = Computational Design of Artificial RNA Molecules for Gene Regulation | title = RNA Bioinformatics | series = Methods in Molecular Biology | volume = 1269 | pages = 393–412 | year = 2015 | pmid = 25577393 | pmc = 4425273 | doi = 10.1007/978-1-4939-2291-8_25 | isbn = 978-1-4939-2290-1 }}</ref><ref name="pmid28696921">{{cite journal | vauthors= Monga I, Qureshi A, Thakur N, Gupta AK, Kumar M  | title=ASPsiRNA: A Resource of ASP-siRNAs Having Therapeutic Potential for Human Genetic Disorders and Algorithm for Prediction of Their Inhibitory Efficacy | journal=[[G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics]] | volume=7| issue=9 | pages=2931–2943 | year=2017 | doi=10.1534/g3.117.044024| pmid=28696921|url=http://crdd.osdd.net/servers/aspsirna/asptar.php| pmc=5592921}}  [[File:CC-BY icon.svg|50px]]  Text was copied from this source, which is available under a [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/  Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License].</ref> It was discovered in 1998 by [[Andrew Fire]] at the [[Carnegie Institution for Science]] in Washington, D.C. and [[Craig Mello]] at the [[University of Massachusetts]] in Worcester.