Editing Soyuz programme (section)

{{short description|Human spaceflight programme of the Soviet Union}}
{{Use British English Oxford spelling|date=July 2019}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2022}}
{{Infobox space programme
| name            = Soyuz programme
| image           = ASTP Soyuz Spacecraft.jpg
| caption         = Artist's impression of the Soyuz 19 spacecraft from the [[Apollo–Soyuz]] mission
| country         = [[Soviet Union]]<br>[[Russia]]
| organization    = [[Roscosmos]] (1991–present)
| programme       = y
| status          = Ongoing
| firstcrewed     = [[Soyuz 1]]
| successes       = 
| failures        = 
| partialfailures = 
| launchsite      = [[Baikonur Cosmodrome|Baikonur]]
| uncrewvehicle   = [[Progress (spacecraft)|Progress]]
| crewvehicle     = [[Soyuz (spacecraft)|Soyuz]]
| capacity        = 1–3
| launcher        = {{hlist|[[Soyuz-U]]|[[Soyuz-FG]]|[[Soyuz-2]]}}
}}
{{Soviet space program sidebar}}

The '''Soyuz programme''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|ɔɪ|juː|z}} {{Respell|SOY|yooz}}, {{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|ɔː|-}} {{Respell|SAW|-}}; {{langx|ru|link=no|Союз}} {{IPA|ru|sɐˈjus|}}, meaning "Union") is a [[human spaceflight]] programme initiated by the [[Soviet Union]] in the early 1960s. The Soyuz spacecraft was originally part of a [[Moon landing]] project intended to put a Soviet [[astronaut|cosmonaut]] on the [[Moon]].<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia |title=Soyuz |last=Harland |first=David M. |encyclopedia=Encyclopedia Britannica |date= |access-date=20 February 2022 |url=https://www.britannica.com/technology/Soyuz |archive-date=27 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220227040726/https://www.britannica.com/technology/Soyuz |url-status=live }}</ref> It was the third Soviet [[human spaceflight]] programme after the [[Vostok programme|Vostok]] (1961–1963) and [[Voskhod programme|Voskhod]] (1964–1965) programmes.<ref>{{Cite book |chapter=Russian Life Support Systems: Vostok, Voskhod, and Soyuz |last=Hendrickx |first=Bart |editor1-first=Erik |editor1-last=Seedhouse |editor2-last=Shayler |editor2-first=David J. |title=Handbook of Life Support Systems for Spacecraft and Extraterrestrial Habitats |year=2018 |pages=1–15 |doi=10.1007/978-3-319-09575-2_39-1 |publisher=Springer International Publishing |access-date=20 February 2022 |isbn=978-3-319-09575-2 |chapter-url=https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-09575-2_39-1 |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220215611/https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-3-319-09575-2_39-1 |url-status=live }}</ref>

The programme consists of the [[Soyuz (spacecraft)|Soyuz capsule]] and the [[Soyuz (rocket family)|Soyuz rocket]] and is now the responsibility of [[Roscosmos]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=What Is the Soyuz Spacecraft? |last=Wild |first=Flint |work=NASA |date=27 June 2018 |access-date=20 February 2022 |url=https://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/what-is-the-soyuz-spacecraft-k-4 |archive-date=23 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220123014158/http://www.nasa.gov/audience/forstudents/k-4/stories/nasa-knows/what-is-the-soyuz-spacecraft-k-4/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="Forbes"/> After the retirement of the [[Space Shuttle]] in 2011, the Soyuz was the only way for humans to get to the [[International Space Station]] (ISS) until 30 May 2020 when [[Crew Dragon]] flew to the ISS for the first time with astronauts.<ref name="Forbes">{{Cite web |title=The Last Soyuz - NASA Ends Reliance On Russia With Final Launch Before Crew Dragon |last=O'Callaghan |first=Jonathan |work=Forbes |date=9 April 2020 |access-date=20 February 2022 |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathanocallaghan/2020/04/09/the-last-soyuznasa-ends-reliance-on-russia-with-final-launch-before-crew-dragon/ |archive-date=20 February 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220220220054/https://www.forbes.com/sites/jonathanocallaghan/2020/04/09/the-last-soyuznasa-ends-reliance-on-russia-with-final-launch-before-crew-dragon/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=SpaceX successfully launches Nasa astronauts into orbit |last1=Luscombe |first1=Richard |last2=Sample |first2=Ian |work=[[The Guardian]] |date=30 May 2020 |access-date=20 February 2022 |url=https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/may/30/spacex-nasa-crewed-spaceflight-launch-dragon-capsule-elon-musk-trump |archive-date=31 May 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200531003728/https://www.theguardian.com/science/2020/may/30/spacex-nasa-crewed-spaceflight-launch-dragon-capsule-elon-musk-trump |url-status=live }}</ref>