Editing Standardization (section)

{{Short description|Implementation of technical standards based on the consensus of different parties}}
{{other uses}}
{{redirect|Nonstandard}}
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'''Standardization''' ([[American English]]) or '''standardisation''' ([[British English]]) is the process of implementing and developing [[technical standard]]s based on the consensus of different parties that include firms, users, interest groups, standards organizations and governments.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Xie|first1=Zongjie|last2=Hall|first2=Jeremy|last3=McCarthy|first3=Ian P.|last4=Skitmore|first4=Martin|last5=Shen|first5=Liyin|date=2016-02-01|title=Standardization efforts: The relationship between knowledge dimensions, search processes and innovation outcomes|journal=Technovation|series=Innovation and Standardization|volume=48–49|pages=69–78|doi=10.1016/j.technovation.2015.12.002|doi-access=free|hdl=11385/188510|hdl-access=free}}</ref> Standardization can help maximize [[:wikt:compatibility|compatibility]], [[interoperability]], [[safety]], [[repeatability]], [[efficiency]], and [[Quality (business)|quality]]. It can also facilitate a normalization of formerly custom processes. 

In [[social sciences]], including [[economics]],<ref name="Blind 2004">{{cite book|first=K.|last=Blind|title=The economics of standards|year=2004|publisher=Edward Elgar|place=Cheltenham|isbn=978-1-84376-793-0|url=http://www.e-elgar.com/shop/the-economics-of-standards|access-date=2016-06-16|archive-date=2016-09-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160927223550/http://www.e-elgar.com/shop/the-economics-of-standards|url-status=live}}</ref> the idea of ''standardization'' is close to the solution for a [[coordination problem]], a situation in which all parties can realize mutual gains, but only by making mutually consistent decisions. Divergent national standards impose costs on consumers and can be a form of [[Non-tariff barriers to trade|non-tariff trade barrier]].<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Duina |first1=Francesco |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vUK2EAAAQBAJ |title=Standardizing the World: EU Trade Policy and the Road to Convergence |last2=Viju-Miljusevic |first2=Crina |date=2023 |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0-19-768188-6 |language=en}}</ref>