Editing Tapetum lucidum (section)

{{short description|Layer of eye tissue which aids in night vision}}
{{Redirect|Eyeshine|the Edge Rock band|Eyeshine (band)}}
{{title language|la}}
[[File:Bovine Tapetum Lucidum.jpg|thumb|The  dark blue, teal, and gold tapetum lucidum from the eye of a [[Cattle|cow]]]]
[[File:Sonny09b.png|thumb|Retina of a [[mongrel dog]] with strong tapetal reflex]]

The {{langnf|la| '''tapetum lucidum'''|bright tapestry, coverlet|paren=left}}; {{IPAc-en|t|ə|ˈ|p|iː|t|əm|_|'|l|uː|s|ɪ|d|əm}} {{respell|tə|PEE|təm|_|LOO|sih|dəm}}; {{plural form}}: '''tapeta lucida''')<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.archives.nd.edu/cgi-bin/lookup.pl?stem=tapet&ending=um |title=Latin Word Lookup |publisher=Archives.nd.edu |access-date=2014-03-20}}</ref> is a layer of tissue in the [[eye]] of many [[vertebrate]]s and some other animals. Lying immediately behind the [[retina]], it is a [[retroreflector]]. It [[Reflection (physics)|reflects]] visible [[light]] back through the retina, increasing the light available to the [[Photoreceptor cell|photoreceptors]] (although slightly blurring the image).

The tapetum lucidum contributes to the superior [[night vision]] of some animals. Many of these animals are [[nocturnality|nocturnal]], especially [[carnivore]]s, while others are [[Deep-sea community|deep-sea animals]]. Similar adaptations occur in some species of [[spider]]s.<ref name="RFB2004Spiders">{{cite book |last1=Ruppert|first1=E. E. |last2=Fox|first2=R. S. |last3=Barnes|first3=R. D. |title=Invertebrate Zoology |publisher=[[Cengage|Brooks/Cole]] |edition=7th |isbn=978-0-03-025982-1 |year=2004 |pages=[https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780030259821/page/578 578–81] |chapter=Chelicerata: Araneae |url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780030259821 |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/isbn_9780030259821/page/571}}</ref> [[Haplorhini|Haplorhine primates]], including humans, are [[Diurnality|diurnal]] and lack a tapetum lucidum.{{refn|group=Note|The one exception to this generalization is the neotropical night monkey genus ''[[Aotus (monkey)|Aotus]]''; they are sometimes described as having a tapetum lucidum of [[collagen]] fibrils, but lack the reflective [[riboflavin]] crystals present in the eyes of nocturnal [[Strepsirrhini|strepsirrhine]] primates.<ref name="Ollivier+2004"/>}}