Editing Teide (section)

{{Short description|Volcano in Tenerife}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Expand French|Teide|topic=geo|date=December 2020|fa=yes}}
{{Expand Spanish|topic=geo|date=March 2022}}
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{{Use mdy dates|date=November 2012}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Teide
| photo = Roque Cinchado und Teide.jpg
| photo_caption = Teide volcano and [[Roque Cinchado]] (left)
| elevation_m = 3,715
| elevation_ref = <ref name="IGN_PhysicalMap_2012"/>
| prominence_m = 3,715
| prominence_ref = <ref name="IGN_PhysicalMap_2012"/><br /><small>[[List of peaks by prominence|Ranked 40th]]</small>
| map = Canary Islands
| map_caption = Location of Teide in the Canary Islands
| label_position = top
| listing = [[List of countries by highest point|Country high point]]<br />[[Ultra prominent peak|Ultra]]<br>Ribu<ref>{{Cite web |title=World Ribus – Mid-Atlantic Islands
|url=https://worldribus.org/mid-atlantic-islands/|access-date=2024-12-25 |website=World Ribus|date=February 25, 2023 }}</ref>
| location = [[Tenerife]], [[Canary Islands]], Spain
| coordinates = {{coord|28|16|23|N|16|38|22|W|type:mountain_scale:100000|format=dms|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_ref = <ref name="peaklist">[http://peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/EuroAtlanticP1500m.html "Europe: Atlantic Islands – Ultra Prominences"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050214035042/http://peaklist.org/WWlists/ultras/EuroAtlanticP1500m.html |date=February 14, 2005 }} on peaklist.org as "Pico de Teide". Retrieved October 16, 2011.</ref>
| topo = 
| type = [[Stratovolcano]] atop basalt [[shield volcano]]
| last_eruption = 18 November 1909
| first_ascent = 1582
| easiest_route = [[Scrambling|Scramble]]
}}
[[File:Teide 3d - version2.gif|thumb|This 3D panoramic view of Teide was created using [[Shuttle Radar Topography Mission|SRTM]] data (160% elevation).]]
'''Teide''', or '''Mount Teide''', ({{langx|es| El Teide, Pico del Teide}}, {{IPA|es|ˈpiko ðel ˈtejðe|pron}}, 'Peak of Teide') is a [[volcano]] on [[Tenerife]] in the [[Canary Islands]], Spain. Its summit (at {{convert|3715|m|abbr=on}})<ref name="IGN_PhysicalMap_2012"/>{{refn |Many published sources give Teide's height as {{cvt|3718|m|ft}} above sea level, but [[Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain)|IGN]] (the national mapping agency of the Government of Spain) gives Teide's height as 3715 m on the 2012, 2015 and 2019 versions of its ''"Mapa Físico de España"'' ("Physical Map of Spain"),<ref name="IGN_PhysicalMap_2012">{{cite web | url=http://centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/MapasGenerales/Espana_Mapa-fisico-de-Espana-1-3.000.000_2012_mapa_11999_spa.jpg | title=Mapa Físico de España (Physical Map of Spain) | publisher=[[Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain)]] | work=Atlas Nacional de España (National Atlas of Spain) | date=2012 | access-date=18 April 2023 | archive-date=April 18, 2023 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418212324/http://centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/busquedaRedirigida.do?ruta=PUBLICACION_CNIG_DATOS_VARIOS/MapasGenerales/Espana_Mapa-fisico-de-Espana-1-3.000.000_2012_mapa_11999_spa.jpg | url-status=live }}</ref> as well as in its ''"MTN25 edición impresa: 2"'' ("National Topographic Map 1:25000 second edition") map series of Tenerife,<ref name="IGN_MTN25_2014">{{cite web | url=http://centrodedescargas.cnig.es/CentroDescargas/buscar.do?filtro.codFamilia=02308&filtro.codCA=&filtro.codProv=&filtro.numeroHoja25=1091-4# | title=1091-4 La Montañeta (Tenerife) map sheet | publisher=[[Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain)]] | work=MTN25 edición impresa: 2' (National Topographic Map 1:25000 second edition) | date=2014 | access-date=18 October 2018}}</ref> published in 2014 and in its ''"Altitudes de las provincias"'' (list of highest points in the provinces of Spain).<ref name="IGN_HighestPoints_2020">{{cite web | url=http://www.ign.es/web/ign/portal/ane-datos-geograficos/-/datos-geograficos/datosGenerales?tipoBusqueda=altitudes | title=Altitudes de las provincias (List of highest points in the provinces of Spain) | publisher=[[Instituto Geográfico Nacional (Spain)]] | work=Datos geográficos y toponimia (Geographical data and place names) | date=2020 | access-date=19 May 2020 | archive-date=October 23, 2020 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023020026/https://www.ign.es/web/ign/portal/ane-datos-geograficos/-/datos-geograficos/datosGenerales?tipoBusqueda=altitudes | url-status=live }}</ref>|group=lower-alpha}} is the highest point in Spain and the highest point above sea level in the [[List of islands in the Atlantic Ocean|islands of the Atlantic]]. If measured from the ocean floor, its height of {{convert|7500|m|abbr=on}} makes Teide the third-highest volcano in the world;{{refn |After [[Mauna Kea]]<ref name="NOAA">{{cite web | url=http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/highestpoint.html | title=What is the highest point on Earth as measured from Earth's center? | publisher=[[NOAA]] | work=Ocean Facts | access-date=31 January 2017 | archive-date=February 2, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202004808/http://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/highestpoint.html | url-status=live }}</ref> and [[Mauna Loa]]<ref name="MaunaLoa">{{cite web | url=https://www.nature.nps.gov/geology/parks/havo/index.cfm | title=Hawaii Volcanoes National Park | publisher=National Park Service | date=2005 | access-date=31 January 2017 | archive-date=February 2, 2017 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170202093204/https://www.nature.nps.gov/geology/parks/havo/index.cfm | url-status=dead }}</ref> at {{cvt|10.2|km|mi}}.}} [[UNESCO]] and [[NASA]] rank it as Earth's third-tallest volcanic structure.<ref name=unesco/><ref name="NASATeide">{{cite web | url=http://visibleearth.nasa.gov/view.php?id=88659 | title=Teide, Canary Islands | publisher=[[NASA]] | work=Visible Earth | access-date=31 January 2017| date=2009-08-11 }}</ref>{{refn |Teide is Earth's third-tallest volcanic structure only if the island of [[Hawaii (island)|Hawaii]] is considered to be a single structure.| group = lower-alpha }} Teide's elevation above sea level makes Tenerife the [[list of islands by highest point|tenth highest island in the world]].
 
Teide started forming 170,000 years ago due to volcanic activity following a catastrophic [[volcanic landslide|landslide]]. Teide's base is situated in Las Cañadas crater (the remains of an older, eroded, extinct volcano) at a height of around {{convert|2190|m|abbr=on}} above sea level. Teide is an [[active volcano]]: its most recent eruption occurred in late 1909 from the El Chinyero vent on the northwestern Santiago rift.<ref>{{Cite journal |date=2013 |editor-last=Carracedo |editor-first=Juan Carlos |editor2-last=Troll |editor2-first=Valentin R. |title=Teide Volcano |url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-642-25893-0 |journal=Active Volcanoes of the World |language=en |doi=10.1007/978-3-642-25893-0 |isbn=978-3-642-25892-3 |s2cid=127366439 |issn=2195-3589 |access-date=November 19, 2023 |archive-date=August 14, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230814190144/https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-3-642-25893-0 |url-status=live |url-access=subscription }}</ref> The United Nations Committee for Disaster Mitigation designated Teide a [[Decade Volcano]]<ref name="USGS">http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/DecadeVolcanoes/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110221103516/http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/DecadeVolcanoes/ |date=February 21, 2011 }} Decade Volcanoes – USGS</ref> because of its history of destructive eruptions and its proximity to several large towns, of which the closest are [[Garachico]], [[Icod de los Vinos]] and [[Puerto de la Cruz]]. Teide, [[Pico Viejo]] and [[Montaña Blanca]] form the Central Volcanic Complex of Tenerife.

The volcano and its surroundings make up [[Teide National Park]], which has an area of {{convert|18900|ha|acre}} and was named a [[World Heritage Site]] by UNESCO in 2007.<ref name=unesco>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1258|title=Teide National Park|work=World Heritage List|publisher=UNESCO|access-date=January 18, 2009|archive-date=June 12, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220612093927/https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/1258|url-status=live}}</ref> Teide is the most visited natural wonder of Spain, the most visited [[national park]] in Spain and, by 2015, the eighth most visited in the world,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.elespanol.com/ciencia/20160318/110489216_0.html|title=En las entrañas del volcán|website=elespanol.com|access-date=April 9, 2018|date=2016-03-21|archive-date=April 19, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210419193948/https://www.elespanol.com/ciencia/20160318/110489216_0.html|url-status=live}}</ref> with some 3 million visitors yearly.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webtenerife.com/que-visitar/parque-nacional-del-teide/?tab=1Lang=es|title=Parque Nacional del Teide. Ascenso, Fauna, Flora...|access-date=March 21, 2016|archive-date=November 22, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221122114009/https://www.webtenerife.com/que-visitar/parque-nacional-del-teide/?tab=1Lang=es|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2016, it was visited by 4,079,823 visitors and tourists, reaching a historical record.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.laopinion.es/sociedad/2017/04/11/teide-bate-record-visitantes-supera/766274.html|title=El Teide bate récord de visitantes y supera los cuatro millones|first=M.|last=Plasencia|publisher=La Opinión de Tenerife|website=laopinion.es|date=April 11, 2017|access-date=April 9, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170728124446/http://www.laopinion.es/sociedad/2017/04/11/teide-bate-record-visitantes-supera/766274.html|archive-date=July 28, 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.europapress.es/islas-canarias/noticia-teide-bate-record-visitantes-2016-mas-cuatro-millones-20170411151629.html|title=El Teide bate su récord de visitantes en 2016, con más de cuatro millones|date=April 11, 2017|publisher=Europa Press|access-date=April 9, 2018|archive-date=August 12, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170812215916/http://www.europapress.es/islas-canarias/noticia-teide-bate-record-visitantes-2016-mas-cuatro-millones-20170411151629.html|url-status=live}}</ref> [[Teide Observatory]], a major international [[astronomical observatory]], is located on the slopes of the mountain. In addition, the volcano has become an [[establishing shot]] in films, television series and programs set on the island of Tenerife.