Editing Three marks of existence (section)

{{short description|Buddhist concept; consists of impermanence (anicca), suffering (dukkha), and non-self (anattā)}}
{{buddhism}}
In [[Buddhism]], the '''three marks of existence''' are three characteristics ([[Pali]]: ''tilakkhaṇa''; [[Sanskrit]]: त्रिलक्षण ''trilakṣaṇa'') of all existence and beings, namely ''[[Impermanence#Buddhism|anicca]]'' (impermanence), ''[[Duḥkha|dukkha]]'' (commonly translated as "suffering" or "cause of suffering", "unsatisfactory", "unease"),{{refn|group=note|The term is probably derived from ''duh-stha'', "standing unstable".{{sfn|Monier-Williams|1899|p=483, entry note:&nbsp;}}{{sfnp|Analayo|2013}}{{sfnp|Beckwith|2015|p=30}}{{sfnp|Alexander|2019|p=36}}}} and ''[[anattā]]'' (without a lasting essence).<ref>{{cite book|author=Steven Collins|title=Nirvana and Other Buddhist Felicities |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Z2go_y5KYyoC |year=1998|publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-57054-1 |page=140}}</ref><ref name=gombrich47>{{cite book|author=Richard Gombrich|title=Theravada Buddhism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jZyJAgAAQBAJ|year=2006|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1-134-90352-8|page=47 |quote=All phenomenal existence [in Buddhism] is said to have three interlocking characteristics: impermanence, dukkha and lack of soul, that is, something that does not change.}}</ref><ref name=buswelllopez42>{{cite book|author1=Robert E. Buswell Jr.|author2=Donald S. Lopez Jr.|title=The Princeton Dictionary of Buddhism|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DXN2AAAAQBAJ|year=2013|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-1-4008-4805-8|pages=42–43, 47, 581}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author=Carl Olson|title=The Different Paths of Buddhism: A Narrative-Historical Introduction|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QRp-AixBLKUC |year=2005|publisher=Rutgers University Press |isbn=978-0-8135-3778-8 |pages=63–4}}</ref> The concept of humans being subject to delusion about the three marks, this delusion resulting in suffering, and removal of that delusion resulting in the end of dukkha, is a central theme in the Buddhist [[Four Noble Truths]], the last of which leads to the [[Noble Eightfold Path]].