Editing Thymol (section)

{{short description|Chemical compound found in plants including thyme}}
{{Distinguish|Melitracen{{!}}Thymeol|Thymine|Thiamine}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2020}}
{{chembox
| Watchedfields = changed
| verifiedrevid = 470609679
| ImageFile = Thymol2.svg
| ImageSize = 150
| ImageFile2 = Thymol3D.png
| ImageName = Thymol
| PIN = 5-Methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)phenol<ref name=iupac2013>{{cite book | title =  Nomenclature of Organic Chemistry : IUPAC Recommendations and Preferred Names 2013 (Blue Book) | publisher = The [[Royal Society of Chemistry]] | date = 2014 | location = Cambridge | page = 691 | doi = 10.1039/9781849733069-FP001 | isbn = 978-0-85404-182-4| chapter = Front Matter }}</ref>
| SystematicName = 5-Methyl-2-(propan-2-yl)benzenol
| OtherNames = 2-Isopropyl-5-methylphenol, isopropyl-''m''-cresol, 1-methyl-3-hydroxy-4-isopropylbenzene, 3-methyl-6-isopropylphenol, 5-methyl-2-(1-methylethyl)phenol, 5-methyl-2-isopropyl-1-phenol, 5-methyl-2-isopropylphenol, 6-isopropyl-3-methylphenol, 6-isopropyl-''m''-cresol, Apiguard, NSC 11215, NSC 47821, NSC 49142, thyme camphor, ''m''-thymol, and ''p''-cymen-3-ol
|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers
| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}}
| CASNo = 89-83-8
| IUPHAR_ligand = 2499
| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}}
| UNII = 3J50XA376E
| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|correct|kegg}}
| KEGG = D01039
| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEMBL = 29411
| EC_number = 201-944-8
| PubChem = 6989
| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}}
| ChemSpiderID = 21105998
| DrugBank_Ref = {{drugbankcite|correct|drugbank}}
| DrugBank = DB02513
| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}}
| ChEBI = 27607
| InChI = 1/C10H14O/c1-7(2)9-5-4-8(3)6-10(9)11/h4-7,11H,1-3H3
| InChIKey = MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYAS
| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChI = 1S/C10H14O/c1-7(2)9-5-4-8(3)6-10(9)11/h4-7,11H,1-3H3
| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}}
| StdInChIKey = MGSRCZKZVOBKFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N
| SMILES = CC(C)c1ccc(C)cc1O
 }}
|Section2={{Chembox Properties
| C=10 | H=14 | O=1
| Density = 0.96 g/cm<sup>3</sup>
| MeltingPtC = 49 to 51
| BoilingPtC = 232
| Solubility = 0.9&nbsp;g/L (20&nbsp;°C)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/thymol#section=Solubility |title=Thymol |publisher=PubChem |access-date=2016-04-01}}</ref>
| RefractIndex = 1.5208<ref>{{cite journal|last=Mndzhoyan |first=A. L. |title=Thymol from ''Thymus kotschyanus''. |journal=Sbornik Trudov Armyanskogo Filial. Akad. Nauk. |date=1940 |volume=1940 |pages=25–28}}</ref> 
 }}
|Section6={{Chembox Pharmacology
| ATCvet = yes
| ATCCode_prefix = P53
| ATCCode_suffix = AX22
 }}
|Section7={{Chembox Hazards
| GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}}{{GHS07}}{{GHS09}}
| GHSSignalWord = Warning
| HPhrases = {{H-phrases|302|314|411}}
| PPhrases = {{P-phrases|260|264|270|273|280|301+312|301+330+331|303+361+353|304+340|305+351+338|310|321|330|363|391|405|501}}
 }}
}}

'''Thymol''' (also known as '''2-isopropyl-5-methylphenol''', IPMP), {{chem2|C10H14O}}, is a natural [[Monoterpene|monoterpenoid]] [[Phenols|phenol]] derivative of [[p-Cymene|''p''-Cymene]], [[isomer]]ic with [[carvacrol]]. It occurs naturally in the oil of [[thyme]], and it is [[Liquid–liquid extraction|extracted]] from ''[[Thymus vulgaris]]'' (common thyme), [[ajwain]],<ref>{{Cite book|title=The book of spice : from anise to zedoary|last=O'Connell, John |date=27 August 2019 |isbn=978-1681774459 |publisher=Pegasus |location=New York |oclc=959875923}}</ref> and various other plants as a white [[crystal]]line substance of a pleasant [[Aromaticity|aromatic]] [[odor]] and strong [[antiseptic]] properties. Thymol also provides the distinctive, strong flavor of the [[Herb|culinary herb]] thyme, also produced from ''T. vulgaris''. Thymol is only slightly [[solubility|soluble]] in water at neutral [[pH]], but it is extremely soluble in [[Alcohol (chemistry)|alcohol]]s and other organic solvents. It is also soluble in strongly [[alkali]]ne aqueous solutions due to [[deprotonation]] of the [[phenol]]. Its dissociation constant ([[pKa|p''K''<sub>a</sub>]]) is {{val|10.59|0.10}}.<ref>CAS Registry: Data obtained from SciFinder{{full citation needed|date=August 2017}}</ref> Thymol absorbs maximum [[ultraviolet|UV]] radiation at 274&nbsp;nm.<ref>{{cite journal | last1 = Norwitz | first1 = G. | last2 = Nataro | first2 = N. | last3 = Keliher | first3 = P. N. | year = 1986 | title = Study of the Steam Distillation of Phenolic Compounds Using Ultraviolent Spectrometry | journal = Anal. Chem. | volume = 58 | issue = 639–640| page = 641 | doi = 10.1021/ac00294a034 }}</ref>