Editing Tigray Region (section)

{{About|the modern region|the historical province|Tigray Province|other uses|Tigray (disambiguation)}}
{{Use American English|date=November 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}}
{{More citations needed|date=December 2022}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name               = Tigray Region
| official_name      = Tigray National Regional State
| native_name        = ክልል ትግራይ
| native_name_lang   = ti
| settlement_type    = [[Regions of Ethiopia|Regional state]]
| image_skyline      = 
| image_caption      = From top, left to right:  [[King Ezana's Stele]]; [[Obelisk of Axum]]; The Church of Abba Afse; Yeha; [[Debre Damo]] Church; Martyrs' Memorial Monument in [[Mekelle]]; [[Church of Our Lady Mary of Zion]]
| image_flag         = Flag of the Tigray Region.svg
| image_seal         = Tigray Regional government seal.svg
| nickname           = The birthplace of Ethiopian civilization
| motto              = "{{lang|ti|ዘይንድይቦ ጎቦ ዘይንሰግሮ ሩባ|italic=no}}"<br />{{small|"There are no mountains we would not climb"}}
| image_map          = Tigray in Ethiopia.svg
| map_caption        = Map of Ethiopia showing Tigray Region
| pushpin_map        = 
| pushpin_label_position = 
| pushpin_map_caption = 
| coordinates        = {{coord|14|7|28|N|38|43|26|E|region:ET-TI_adm1st|display=title,inline}}
| subdivision_type   = Country
| subdivision_name   = [[Ethiopia]]
| seat_type          = Capital
| seat               = [[Mekelle]]
| established_title  = 
| established_date   = 
| government_type    = [[Interim Regional Administration of Tigray]]
| leader_title1      = [[List of governors of the Regions of Ethiopia|President of the Executive Committee]]
| leader_name1       = [[Tadesse Werede]]<ref>{{Cite web |last=standard1 |first=Addis |date=2025-04-08 |title=Lt. Gen. Tadesse named Tigray's interim president |url=https://addisstandard.com/lt-gen-tadesse-named-tigrays-interim-president/ |access-date=2025-04-26 |website=Addis Standard |language=en-US}}</ref>
| leader_title2      = Vice-President of the Executive Committee
| leader_name2       = [[Tsadkan Gebretensae]]
| unit_pref          = Metric
| area_total_km2     = 53036 <!--Please discuss any proposed changes at the "How big is Tigray?" section of the Talk page. -->
| area_land_km2      = 
| area_water_km2     = 
| area_water_percent = 
| area_rank          = 5th
| area_footnotes     = <ref name=2006_stats/>
| area_note          = 
| elevation_footnotes = 
| elevation_m        = 
| population_total   = 5936000
| population_as_of   = 2024
| population_footnotes = <ref>{{Cite web | url=https://ess.gov.et/wp-content/uploads/2024/09/Projected_Population-2024.pdf | title=opulation Size by Sex, Area and Density by Region, Zone and Wereda | date=July 2024}}</ref>
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank    = 4th
| population_demonym = 
| population_note    = 
| blank_name_sec1    = [[Human Development Index|HDI]] (2021)
| blank_info_sec1    = 0.522 <ref name="GlobalDataLab">{{cite web|url=https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|title=Sub-national HDI – Area Database – Global Data Lab|website=hdi.globaldatalab.org|access-date=2020-09-10|archive-date=23 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180923120638/https://hdi.globaldatalab.org/areadata/shdi/|url-status=live}}</ref><br />{{color|#900|low}} · [[List of Ethiopian regions by Human Development Index|5th of 11]]
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = Official language
| demographics1_title2 = Other languages
| demographics1_title3 = Demonym
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tigrinya language|Tigrinya]]
| demographics1_info2 = 
| demographics1_info3 = [[Tigrayans|Tigrayan]]
| timezone1          = [[East Africa Time|EAT]]
| utc_offset1        = +3
| timezone1_DST      = 
| utc_offset1_DST    = 
| postal_code_type   = 
| postal_code        = 
| area_code          = 
| area_code_type     = 
| iso_code           = [[ISO 3166-2:ET|ET-TI]]
| website            = {{URL|https://www.ethiopia.gov.et/regional-states/tigray-regional-state/}}
| footnotes          = 
| mottoeng           = 
| p2                 = 
}}
{{Contains special characters|Ethiopic}}

The '''Tigray Region'''{{Efn|{{IPAc-en|audio=Tigray VOA pronunciation.ogg|ˈ|t|ɪ|g|r|aɪ}}, {{IPAc-en|audio=En-us-Tigre from Ethiopia pronunciation (Voice of America).ogg|ˈ|t|ɪ|g|r|eː|}} or {{IPAc-en|ˈ|t|iː|ˈ|ɡ|r|eː|}}; {{Langx|ti|ክልል ትግራይ}}; {{Langx|am|ትግራይ ክልል|Tigrāi kilil }}|group=upper-alpha}} (or simply '''Tigray'''; officially the '''Tigray National Regional State'''){{Efn|{{Langx|ti|ብሔራዊ ክልላዊ መንግስቲ ትግራይ|Bəḥerawi Kəllelawi Mängəśti Təgrai}}; formerly known as '''Region 1'''.|group=upper-alpha}} is the northernmost [[Regions of Ethiopia|regional state]] in [[Ethiopia]]. The Tigray Region is the homeland of the [[Tigrayan]], [[Irob people|Irob]] and [[Kunama people]]. Its capital and largest city is [[Mekelle]]. Tigray is the fifth-largest by area, the fourth-most populous, and the fifth-most densely populated of the 11 regional states.

Tigray is bordered by [[Eritrea]] to the north, the [[Amhara Region]] to the south, the [[Afar Region]] to the east, and [[Sudan]] to the west.<ref name="2009map">{{cite map|publisher=Central Intelligence Agency|title=Eritrea and Ethiopia|url=http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/eritrea_ethiopia_2009.jpg|year=2009|scale=1:5,000,000|id=Map #803395|access-date=5 May 2011|archive-date=22 October 2013|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131022121305/http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/africa/eritrea_ethiopia_2009.jpg|url-status=live}}</ref> Towns in Tigrai include: [[Mekelle]], [[Adigrat]], [[Axum]], [[Shire (Tigray)|Shire]], [[Adwa]], [[Humera]], [[Dansha]], [[Mai Kadra]], [[Enticho]], [[Feresmay]], [[Wukro]], [[Agula'e]], [[Freweyni]], [[Korarit]], [[Adi Daero]], [[Ketema Ngus]], [[Adi Remets]], [[Sheraro]], [[Abiy Addi]], [[Atsbi]], [[Hawzen]], [[Adi Gudem|Adi Gudom]], [[Adi Shu]], [[Chercher province|Chercher]], [[Korem]], [[Maychew]], [[Alamata]], [[Mekoni]], [[Rama]], [[May Tsebri]], [[Addi Remets]], [[Hagere Selam (Degua Tembien)|Hagere Selam]], [[Dowhan]] and [[Zalambessa]].

Tigray's official language is [[Tigrinya language|Tigrinya]], similar to that of southern Eritrea. The Tigray region had an estimated pre-war population of 7,070,260.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-07-22 |title=New study of Tigray – violence and casualties during the war and after |url=https://martinplaut.com/2024/07/22/new-study-of-tigray-violence-and-casualties-during-the-war-and-after/ |access-date=2024-12-07 |website=Martin Plaut |language=en}}</ref> The majority of the population (c. 80%) are farmers, contributing 46% to the regional gross domestic product (2009). The highlands have the highest population density, especially in [[Misraqawi Zone|eastern]] and [[Maekelay Zone|central]] Tigray. The much less densely populated lowlands comprise 48% of Tigray's area. Although the percentage of Muslims in Tigray is less than 5%, it has supposedly been historically Islam's doorway to the region and to Africa at large.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Mellse |first=Merhawit |date=2021-07-31 |title=Tigray in History: A Pioneer of Religious Coexistence |url=https://omnatigray.org/tigray-in-history-a-pioneer-of-religious-coexistence/ |access-date=2022-12-11 |website=Omna Tigray |language=en |archive-date=11 December 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221211214519/https://omnatigray.org/tigray-in-history-a-pioneer-of-religious-coexistence/ |url-status=live }}</ref> Approximately 99% of [[Tigrayans]] are [[Oriental Orthodox Churches|Orthodox Christian]]. Ethnic [[Tigrayans]] have the highest percentage of [[Oriental Orthodox Churches|Orthodox Christians]] in the world.

The government of Tigray consists of the [[executive branch]], led by the president, [[Getachew Reda]]; the [[legislative branch]], which comprises the state council; and the [[judicial branch]], which is led by the state supreme court. In early November 2020, a conflict between the [[Tigray People's Liberation Front]] (TPLF) and the Ethiopian federal government (with support from Eritrea)<ref>{{Cite web|title=Eritrean forces killed 100s of civilians in Tigray 'rampage': HRW|url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/6/eritrean-soldiers-killed-hundreds-of-civilians-in-tigray-hrw|access-date=2021-05-25|publisher=Al Jazeera|language=en|archive-date=7 March 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210307205051/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/3/6/eritrean-soldiers-killed-hundreds-of-civilians-in-tigray-hrw|url-status=live}}</ref> rapidly escalating into the [[Tigray War]], destabilizing the region,<ref>{{Cite news|date=2020-11-04|title=Tigray crisis: Ethiopia orders military response after army base seized|language=en-GB|work=BBC News|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-54805088|access-date=2021-05-25|archive-date=19 November 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201119083309/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-54805088|url-status=live}}</ref> and exposing a well-organized campaign to wipe out the region of ethnic Tigrayans.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Ethiopian leaders said they would 'wipe out' Tigrayans: EU envoy |url=https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/18/ethiopian-leaders-said-they-would-wipe-out-tigrayans-eu-envoy |access-date=2023-01-08 |website=www.aljazeera.com |language=en |archive-date=30 June 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630163219/https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2021/6/18/ethiopian-leaders-said-they-would-wipe-out-tigrayans-eu-envoy |url-status=live }}</ref> As many as 600,000 people [[Casualties of the Tigray War|were killed]] as a result of the war.<ref>{{Cite news |last=York |first=Geoffrey |date=2022-10-21 |title=Surge of dehumanizing hate speech points to mounting risk of mass atrocities in northern Ethiopia, experts say |language=en-CA |work=The Globe and Mail |url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-surge-of-dehumanizing-hate-speech-points-to-mounting-risk-of-mass/ |access-date=2023-01-08 |archive-date=22 October 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022002129/https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-surge-of-dehumanizing-hate-speech-points-to-mounting-risk-of-mass/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Volodzko |first=David |date=2022-05-10 |title=There's Genocide in Tigray, but Nobody's Talking About it |language=en-US |url=https://www.thenation.com/article/world/genocide-in-tigray/ |access-date=2023-01-08 |issn=0027-8378 |archive-date=8 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230108181011/https://www.thenation.com/article/world/genocide-in-tigray/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Ochab |first=Dr Ewelina U. |title=Heightened Risk Of Genocide Against Tigrayans In Ethiopia |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/ewelinaochab/2022/10/26/ethiopia-heightened-risk-of-genocide-against-tigrayans/ |access-date=2023-01-08 |website=Forbes |language=en |archive-date=8 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230108174002/https://www.forbes.com/sites/ewelinaochab/2022/10/26/ethiopia-heightened-risk-of-genocide-against-tigrayans/ |url-status=live }}</ref> As of 2023, the region is run by the [[Interim Regional Administration of Tigray]].