Editing Toponymy (section)

{{Short description|Study of place names}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2022}}
{{About|the study of place names|a discussion of the origins of place names themselves|Place name origins}}
{{Redirect-distinguish|Toponymics|Toponomics|Toponome}}
{{linguistics}}
'''Toponymy''', '''toponymics''', or '''toponomastics''' is the study of ''[[wikt:toponym|toponyms]]'' ([[proper names]] of places, also known as '''place names''' and '''geographic names'''), including their origins, meanings, usage, and types.<ref name="Toponymy">{{cite book|title=Place Names: Approaches and Perspectives in Toponymy and Toponomastics|last1=Perono Cacciafoco|first1=Francesco|last2=Cavallaro|first2=Francesco Paolo|date=March 2023|location=Cambridge, UK|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=9781108780384|url=https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/place-names/B6C6CB54DF0896D31CAE470C710D22D1|access-date=17 May 2023|archive-date=17 May 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230517081632/https://www.cambridge.org/core/books/place-names/B6C6CB54DF0896D31CAE470C710D22D1|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>Wyrwas, Katarzyna. 5 December 2004. § "[http://www.poradniajezykowa.pl/baza_archiwum.php?POZYCJA=1840&AKCJA=&TEMAT=Wszystkie&NZP=&WYRAZ=wojew Czy nauka zajmująca się nazewnictwem miast to onomastyka? Według jakich kategorii dzieli się pochodzenie nazw?] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200809095113/http://www.poradniajezykowa.pl/baza_archiwum.php?POZYCJA=1840&AKCJA=&TEMAT=Wszystkie&NZP=&WYRAZ=wojew |date=9 August 2020 }} [Is science dealing with city names an onomastics? What categories does the origin of names fall into?]." ''Poradniki Językowe''. Katowice, PL: [[University of Silesia in Katowice|Uniwersytetu Śląskiego w Katowicach]].</ref><ref>{{citation |title = Českʹy jazyk a literatura |date = 1961  |volume = 11 |publisher = Státní pedagogické nakl. |page = 176 |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=cmthAAAAMAAJ |language = cs}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last=Ormeling|first=F. J. Sr.|title=Proceedings of the Workshop on Toponymy held in Cipanas, Indonesia|date=16–18 October 1989|publisher=Bakosurtanal|editor-last=Tichelaar|editor-first=T. R.|location=Cibinong|chapter=Terms used in geographical names standardization}}</ref> ''Toponym'' is the general term for a proper name of any [[geographical feature]],<ref>''[[United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographic Names|United Nations Conference on the Standardization of Geographical Names, London, 10–31 May 1972]].'' New York: [[United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs|United Nations Dept. of Economic and Social Affairs]]. 1974. p. 68.</ref> and full scope of the term also includes proper names of all [[cosmographical]] features.{{sfn|Room|1996|p=13, 23, 27, 62, 80}}

In a more specific sense, the term ''toponymy'' refers to an inventory of toponyms, while the discipline researching such names is referred to as ''toponymics'' or ''toponomastics''.<ref>{{citation|title=Marulić|date=2002|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-4flAAAAMAAJ|volume=35|issue=4–6|page=1183|publisher=Hrvatsko književno društvo sv. Ćirila i Metoda|language=hr}}</ref> Toponymy is a branch of [[onomastics]], the study of [[proper names]] of all kinds.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Tent|first=Jan|date=2015|title=Approaches to Research in Toponymy|journal=[[Names (journal)|Names]]|volume=63|issue=2|pages=65–74|doi=10.1179/0027773814Z.000000000103|s2cid=144115142|doi-access=free}}</ref> A person who studies toponymy is called ''toponymist''.<ref name="Toponymy"/>