Editing Total analysis system (section)

The term '''total analysis system''' ('''TAS''') describes a device that combines and [[automation|automates]] all necessary steps for the chemical [[analytical chemistry|analysis]] of a sample (e.g., sampling, sample transport, [[filtration]], dilution, chemical reactions, separation, and detection).<ref>{{Citation |last=Justino |first=Celine I. L. |title=Chapter 14 - Nanomaterials in Lab-on-Chip Chromatography |date=2018-01-01 |work=Nanomaterials in Chromatography |pages=387–400 |editor-last=Hussain |editor-first=Chaudhery Mustansar |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128127926000145 |access-date=2024-05-31 |publisher=Elsevier |doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-812792-6.00014-5 |isbn=978-0-12-812792-6 |last2=Rocha-Santos |first2=Teresa A. P. |last3=Duarte |first3=Armando C.|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Cagliero |first=Cecilia |title=Chapter 23 - Separation of stereoisomers by gas chromatography |date=2021-01-01 |work=Gas Chromatography (Second Edition) |pages=581–614 |editor-last=Poole |editor-first=Colin F. |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780128206751000150 |access-date=2024-05-31 |series=Handbooks in Separation Science |place=Amsterdam |publisher=Elsevier |doi=10.1016/b978-0-12-820675-1.00015-0 |isbn=978-0-12-820675-1 |last2=Sgorbini |first2=Barbara |last3=Cordero |first3=Chiara |last4=Liberto |first4=Erica |last5=Rubiolo |first5=Patrizia |last6=Bicchi |first6=Carlo|url-access=subscription }}</ref> Most current total analysis systems are "micro" total analysis systems which utilize the principles of [[microfluidics]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last1=Reyes |first1=Darwin R. |last2=Iossifidis |first2=Dimitri |last3=Auroux |first3=Pierre-Alain |last4=Manz |first4=Andreas |date=2002-06-01 |title=Micro Total Analysis Systems. 1. Introduction, Theory, and Technology |url=https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/ac0202435 |journal=Analytical Chemistry |language=en |volume=74 |issue=12 |pages=2623–2636 |doi=10.1021/ac0202435 |pmid=12090653 |issn=0003-2700|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Citation |last=Catarino |first=S. |title=12 - Smart devices: Lab-on-a-chip |date=2017-01-01 |work=Bioinspired Materials for Medical Applications |pages=331–369 |editor-last=Rodrigues |editor-first=Lígia |url=https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780081007419000127 |access-date=2024-05-31 |publisher=Woodhead Publishing |doi=10.1016/b978-0-08-100741-9.00012-7 |isbn=978-0-08-100741-9 |last2=Lima |first2=R. |last3=Minas |first3=G. |editor2-last=Mota |editor2-first=Manuel|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

Total analysis systems are designed to shrink the processes carried out in a [[laboratory]] to a chip-sized [[lab-on-a-chip]]. Due to this, it can be more cost-effective to carry out complex tests when considering [[Integrated circuit|chip]] technologies, sample sizes, and analysis time. Total analysis systems can also reduce the exposure of [[Toxicity|toxic]] chemicals for lab personnel. This technology can also be used in [[point-of-care testing]] or point-of-use diagnostics, which do not require skilled technicians.<ref name=":0" />