Editing Transmigration program (section)

{{short description|Indonesian migration program}}
{{Use American English|date=March 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
[[File:Sigulai Simeulue.jpg|thumb|Transmigration settlement of Sigulai in [[Simeulue Regency]], [[Aceh]]]]
The '''transmigration program''' ({{langx|id|transmigrasi}}, from [[Dutch language|Dutch]], ''transmigratie'') was an initiative of the [[Netherlands|Dutch]] [[Dutch East Indies|colonial government]] and later continued by the [[government of Indonesia|Indonesian government]] to move landless people from densely populated areas of [[Indonesia]] to less populous areas of the country.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/05/02/govt-builds-transmigration-museum-lampung.html |title=Govt builds transmigration museum in Lampung &#124; the Jakarta Post |website=www.thejakartapost.com |access-date=12 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100604015847/http://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2010/05/02/govt-builds-transmigration-museum-lampung.html |archive-date=4 June 2010 |url-status=dead}}</ref> This involved moving people permanently from the island of [[Java (island)|Java]], but also to a lesser extent from [[Bali]] and [[Madura Island|Madura]] to less densely populated areas including [[Kalimantan]], [[Sumatra]], [[Sulawesi]], [[Maluku Islands|Maluku]]  and [[Western New Guinea|Papua]]. The program is currently coordinated by [[Ministry of Transmigration]].

The stated purpose of this program was to reduce the considerable [[poverty]] and [[Human overpopulation|overpopulation]] on Java, to provide opportunities for hard-working poor people, and to provide a [[workforce]] to utilize better the [[natural resource]]s of the outer islands. The program, however, has been controversial as fears from native populations of "[[Javanization]]" and "[[Islamization]]" have strengthened [[separatist]] movements and [[communal violence]].<ref name="Anata"/> The incomers are mostly [[Madurese people|Madurese]] and [[Javanese people|Javanese]] but also from other populated areas such as [[Balinese Hinduism|Hindu]] [[Balinese people|Balinese]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Magdalena|first1=Federico V.|title=Islam and the Politics of Identity|url=http://www.hawaii.edu/cps/identity.html|website=University of Hawai'i at Manoā|publisher=Center for Philippine Studies|access-date=26 June 2015}}</ref>