Editing Trombone (section)

{{short description|Brass instrument played with a slide}}

{{Multiple issues|
{{more citations needed|date=December 2018}}
{{Original research|date=September 2024}}
}}
{{Infobox instrument
| name           = Trombone
| image          = File:Yamaha Tenor trombone YSL-891Z (re-crop).jpg
| image_capt     = A tenor trombone
| background     = brass
| classification = {{hlist
    | [[Wind instrument|Wind]]
    | [[Brass instrument|Brass]]
    | [[Aerophone]]
  }}
| hornbostel_sachs = 423.22
| hornbostel_sachs_desc = Sliding [[aerophone]] sounded by lip vibration
| developed      = Originated mid 15th century, [[sackbut]] in English until the early 18th century.
| range          = <div style="text-align: center; background-color: white;"><score lang="lilypond">
  \layout { ragged-right = ##t \context { \Score \omit BarNumber } }
  {
    \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" }
    \clef bass \key c \major \cadenzaOn

    e,,1                        ^ \finger \markup \text "pedals"
    \glissando
    bes,,1

    e,1
    \glissando
    \clef tenor  bes'1

    \tweak font-size #-2  d''1  ^ \finger \markup \text "poss."

    \clef bass
    \ottava #-1
    \tweak font-size #-2  c,,1  ^ \finger \markup \text "F poss."
    \glissando
    \tweak font-size #-2 ees,,1
    \ottava #0

    \tweak font-size #-2  b,,1  ^ \finger \markup \text "E*"

    \tweak font-size #-2  c,1   ^ \finger \markup \text "F"
    \glissando
    \tweak font-size #-2  ees,1
  }
  </score><br>Range of the tenor trombone. Ranges marked "F" are only possible with an [[F attachment]]; low B is only possible if the tuning slide of the F attachment is pulled out to E. For other trombones, see [[#Types|§ Types]].</div>
| related        = {{hlist
    | [[Sackbut]]
    | [[Buccin]]
    | [[Trumpet]]
    | [[Bass trumpet|Bass Trumpet]]
    | [[Cimbasso]]
  }}
| builders       = 
| musicians      = {{hlist
    | [[List of classical trombonists]]
    | [[List of jazz trombonists]]
  }}
| articles       = 
}}
{{Brass}}

The '''trombone''' ({{langx|de|Posaune}}, Italian, French: ''trombone'') is a [[musical instrument]] in the [[Brass instrument|brass family]]. As with all brass instruments, sound is produced when the player's lips vibrate inside a mouthpiece, causing the [[Standing wave|air column inside the instrument to vibrate]]. Nearly all trombones use a telescoping slide mechanism to alter the [[Pitch (music)|pitch]] instead of the [[brass instrument valve|valves]] used by other brass instruments. The [[valve trombone]] is an exception, using three valves similar to those on a [[trumpet]], and the [[superbone]] has valves and a slide.

The word "trombone" derives from Italian ''tromba'' (trumpet) and ''-one'' (a suffix meaning "large"), so the name means "large trumpet". The trombone has a predominantly cylindrical bore like the [[trumpet]], in contrast to the more conical brass instruments like the [[cornet]], the [[flugelhorn]], the [[Baritone horn|baritone]], and the [[euphonium]]. The most frequently encountered trombones are the [[tenor trombone]] and [[bass trombone]]. These are treated as [[transposing instrument|non-transposing instruments]], reading at concert pitch in bass clef, with higher notes sometimes being notated in tenor clef. They are pitched in B{{Music|flat}}, an octave below the B{{Music|flat}} trumpet and an octave above the B{{Music|flat}} bass [[tuba]]. The once common E{{Music|flat}} [[alto trombone]] became less common as improvements in technique extended the upper range of the tenor, but it is regaining popularity for its lighter sonority. In British brass-band music the tenor trombone is treated as a B{{Music|flat}} [[transposing instrument]], written in treble clef, and the alto trombone is written at concert pitch, usually in alto clef.

A person who plays the trombone is called a trombonist or trombone player. <!--If you are here to change "trombonist" to something else, know that it is not at all original, and not all that funny. Don't be that guy.-->