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Truth
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{{Short description|Being in accord with fact or reality}} {{redirect|The truth|other uses of "The truth"|The Truth (disambiguation)|other uses of "Truth"|Truth (disambiguation)}} {{use dmy dates|date=October 2024}} {{pp-move}} {{Epistemology sidebar}}'''Truth''' or '''verity''' is the [[Property (philosophy)|property]] of being in accord with [[fact]] or [[reality]].<ref name = Merriam-Webster-def>Merriam-Webster's Online Dictionary, [http://m-w.com/dictionary/truth truth] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091229155658/http://m-w.com/dictionary/truth |date=2009-12-29 }}, 2005</ref> In everyday language, it is typically ascribed to things that aim to represent reality or otherwise correspond to it, such as [[belief]]s, [[proposition]]s, and [[declarative sentence]]s.<ref name="SEP Truth">{{cite web |title=Truth |url=https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/truth/ |website=Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy |access-date=29 June 2020 |archive-date=20 January 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220120210351/https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/truth/ |url-status=live }}</ref> True statements are usually held to be the opposite of [[false statement|false statements]]. The [[concept]] of truth is discussed and debated in various contexts, including [[philosophy]], [[art]], [[theology]], [[law]], and [[science]]. Most human activities depend upon the concept, where its nature as a concept is assumed rather than being a subject of discussion, including [[journalism]] and everyday life. Some philosophers view the concept of truth as basic, and unable to be explained in any terms that are more easily understood than the concept of truth itself.<ref>{{cite book |last=Asay |first=Jamin |date=October 2013 |title=The Primitivist Theory of Truth |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9781107038974 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |page=30-33 |isbn=9781107038974}}</ref> Most commonly, truth is viewed as the correspondence of [[language]] or [[thought]] to a mind-independent world. This is called the [[correspondence theory of truth]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=O'Connor |first=Daniel John |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7UkYAAAAIAAJ |title=The Correspondence Theory of Truth |date=1975 |publisher=Hutchinson |isbn=978-0-09-123200-9 |language=en}}</ref> Various theories and views of truth continue to be debated among scholars, philosophers, and theologians.<ref name="SEP Truth"/><ref name=PUP32014>{{cite book|author1=Alexis G. Burgess and John P. Burgess|title=Truth|year=2011|publisher=Princeton University Press|isbn=978-0-691-14401-6|edition=1st|url=http://press.princeton.edu/titles/9460.html|access-date=October 4, 2014|format=hardcover|quote=a concise introduction to current philosophical debates about truth|archive-date=October 6, 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141006131358/http://press.princeton.edu/titles/9460.html|url-status=live}}</ref> There are many different questions about the nature of truth which are still the subject of contemporary debates. These include the question of defining truth; whether it is even possible to give an informative definition of truth; identifying things as [[truth-bearer]]s capable of being true or false; if truth and falsehood are [[Principle of bivalence|bivalent]], or if there are other truth values; identifying the [[criteria of truth]] that allow us to identify it and to distinguish it from falsehood; the role that truth plays in constituting [[knowledge]]; and, if truth is always [[Universality (philosophy)|absolute]] or if it can be [[knowledge relativity|relative]] to one's perspective.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Achourioti |first1=Theodora |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G8PpCQAAQBAJ |title=Unifying the Philosophy of Truth |last2=Galinon |first2=Henri |last3=Fernández |first3=José Martínez |last4=Fujimoto |first4=Kentaro |date=2015 |publisher=Springer |isbn=978-94-017-9673-6 |language=en}}</ref>
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