Editing Turpan (section)

{{Short description|Prefecture-level city in Xinjiang, China}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox settlement
<!-- See Template:Infobox Settlement for additional fields that may be available -->
<!-- Basic info ----------------->
| name = Turpan
| official_name = <!-- Official name in English if different from 'name' -->
| native_name = {{native name|zh-Hans-CN|吐鲁番市}}<br />{{native name|ug|تۇرپان شەھىرى}}
| other_name = Turfan
| nickname =
| settlement_type = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| total_type = <!-- to set a non-standard label for total area and population rows -->
| motto =
<!-- images and maps ------------>
| image_skyline = Turpan-jiaohe-ruinas-d16.jpg
| imagesize =
| image_caption = Jiaohe Ruins
| image_seal =
| seal_size =
| image_shield =
| shield_size =
| image_blank_emblem =
| blank_emblem_type =
| blank_emblem_size =
| image_map = China Xinjiang Turpan.svg
| mapsize =
| map_caption = Turpan (red) in Xinjiang (orange)
| image_map1 =
| mapsize1 =
| map_caption1 =
| image_dot_map =
| dot_mapsize =
| dot_map_caption =
| dot_x = |dot_y =
| pushpin_map = China Xinjiang#China
| pushpin_relief = Y
| pushpin_map_caption = Location of the city center in Xinjiang
| coor_pinpoint = Turpan municipal government
| coordinates = {{coord|42.9512|N|89.1895|E|type:adm2nd_region:CN-65_source:Gaode|format=dms|display=it}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = People's Republic of China
| subdivision_type1 = [[Autonomous regions of China|Region]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Xinjiang]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of China#County level|County-level divisions]]
| subdivision_name2 = 3
| subdivision_type3 =
| subdivision_name3 =
| subdivision_type4 =
| subdivision_name4 =
| seat_type = Prefecture seat
| seat = [[Gaochang District]]
| parts_type =
| parts_style = <!-- =list (for list), coll (for collapsed list), para (for paragraph format)
                               Default is list if up to 5 items, coll if more than 5 -->
| parts = <!-- parts text or header for parts list -->
| p1 =
| p2 = <!-- etc. up to p50: for separate parts to be listed -->
<!-- Politics ------------------->
| government_footnotes =
| government_type =
| leader_title = <!-- CPC Secretary -->
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = <!-- Mayor -->
| leader_name1 =
| leader_title2 =
| leader_name2 =
| leader_title3 =
| leader_name3 =
| leader_title4 =
| leader_name4 =
| established_title = <!-- Settled -->
| established_date =
| established_title1 = <!-- Incorporated (town) -->
| established_date1 =
| established_title2 = <!-- Incorporated (city) -->
| established_date2 =
| established_title3 =
| established_date3 =
| founder =
| named_for =
<!-- Area ----------------------->
| area_magnitude = <!-- use only to set a special wikilink -->
| unit_pref = <!-- Enter: Imperial, to display imperial before metric -->
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 = 69759
| area_land_km2 = <!-- See table @ Template:Infobox Settlement for details on unit conversion -->
| area_water_km2 =
| area_water_percent =
| area_urban_km2 =13650
| area_metro_km2 =
| area_blank1_title =
| area_blank1_km2 =
<!-- Elevation ------------------------->
| elevation_footnotes = <!-- for references: use <ref> </ref> tags -->
| elevation_max_m =
| elevation_max_ft =
| elevation_min_m = −154
| elevation_min_point = [[Ayding Lake]]
<!-- Population ------------------------>
| population_as_of = 2020
| population_footnotes =
| population_note =
| population_total = 693988
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_metro =
| population_density_metro_km2 =
| population_urban = 317443
| population_density_urban_km2 =auto
| population_blank1_title =
| population_blank1 =
| population_density_blank1_km2 =
| demographics_type1       = Demographics
| demographics1_title1     = [[List of ethnic groups in China|Major ethnic groups]]
| demographics1_info1      = {{ubl|77% [[Uyghurs]]|16.8% [[Han Chinese]]|5.9% [[Hui people|Hui]]}}
| demographics_type2   = GDP<ref>{{Cite web|date=12 March 2021|title=伊犁州2019年国民经济和社会发展统计公报|url=http://www.tjcn.org/tjgb/31xj/36348.html|access-date=12 March 2021|language=zh}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = [[Prefecture-level city]]
| demographics2_info1 = [[CN¥]] 31.0 billion<br />[[US$]] 4.7 billion 
| demographics2_title2 = Per capita
| demographics2_info2 = CN¥ 49,279<br />US$ 7,180
<!-- General information --------------->
| timezone = [[China Standard Time|China Standard]]
| utc_offset = +8
<!-- Area/postal codes & others -------->
| postal_code_type = [[Postal code of China|Postal code]]
| postal_code =
| area_code =
| iso_code = [[ISO 3166-2:CN|CN-XJ-04]]
| blank3_name = <!-- [[Licence plates of the People's Republic of China|License Plate]] Prefix -->
| blank3_info =
| blank4_name = <!-- Major [[List of ethnic groups in China|Ethnicities]] -->
| blank4_info =
| blank5_name = [[Köppen climate classification|Climate]]
| blank5_info = [[Desert climate#Cold desert climates|BWk]]
| website = [http://www.tlf.gov.cn/ Turpan Prefecture-level city Government]
| footnotes =
}}
{{Infobox Chinese
| s = 吐鲁番
| t = 吐魯番
| p = Tǔlǔfān
| w = {{tone superscript|Tʻu3-lu3-fan1}}
| uig = تورپان
| uly = Turpan
| uyy = Turpan
| sgs = Turpan
| usy = Турпан
| showflag = 
| order = st
}}

'''Turpan''' ({{langx|ug|تۇرپان}}) or '''Turfan''' ({{lang-zh|s=吐鲁番}}) is a [[prefecture-level city]] located in the east of the [[Autonomous regions of China|autonomous region]] of [[Xinjiang]], China. It has an [[area]] of {{convert|69759|km2|abbr=on}} and a population of 693,988 (2020). The historical center of the prefectural area has shifted a number of times, from [[Jiaohe ruins|Yar-Khoto]] (Jiaohe, {{convert|10|km|disp=or|abbr=on}} to the west of modern Turpan) to Qocho (Gaochang, {{convert|30|km|disp=or|abbr=on}} to the southeast of Turpan) and to Turpan itself.<ref>{{cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/historyofinneras00souc |url-access=registration |title=A History of Inner Asia |author= Svat Soucek |publisher= Cambridge University Press |year= 2000 |page=[https://archive.org/details/historyofinneras00souc/page/17 17] |isbn=9780521657044 }}</ref>