Editing Udmurt language (section)

{{short description|Uralic language}}
{{Infobox language
| name             = Udmurt
| nativename       = {{lang|udm|Удмурт кыл}} {{lang|udm-Latn|Udmurt kyl}}
| states           = [[Russia]]
| region           = [[Udmurtia]]
| ethnicity        = [[Udmurts]], [[Besermyan]]s
| speakers         = {{sigfig|271882|2}}
| date             = 2020 census
| ref              = <ref>{{Cite web |title=Итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2020 года. Таблица 6. Население по родному языку. |trans-title=Results of the All-Russian population census 2020. Table 6. population according to native language. |url=https://rosstat.gov.ru/vpn_popul |access-date=2023-01-03 |website=rosstat.gov.ru |archive-date=2020-01-24 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200124160257/http://rosstat.gov.ru/vpn_popul |url-status=dead }}</ref>
| familycolor      = Uralic
| fam2             = [[Permic languages|Permic]]
| nation           = {{flag|Russia}}
*{{flag|Udmurtia}}
| iso2             = udm
| iso3             = udm
| glotto           = udmu1245
| glottorefname    = Udmurt
| notice           = IPA
| map              = 5.2-Udmurt.png
| mapcaption       = Distribution of Udmurt dialects at the beginning of 21st century<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Rantanen |first1=Timo |last2=Tolvanen |first2=Harri |last3=Roose |first3=Meeli |last4=Ylikoski |first4=Jussi |last5=Vesakoski |first5=Outi |date=2022-06-08 |title=Best practices for spatial language data harmonization, sharing and map creation—A case study of Uralic |journal=PLOS ONE |language=en |volume=17 |issue=6 |pages=e0269648 |doi=10.1371/journal.pone.0269648|doi-access=free |pmid=35675367 |pmc=9176854 |bibcode=2022PLoSO..1769648R }}</ref><ref>Rantanen, Timo, Vesakoski, Outi, Ylikoski, Jussi, & Tolvanen, Harri. (2021). ''Geographical database of the Uralic languages'' (v1.0) [Data set]. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4784188</ref>
| map2             = Lang Status 60-DE.svg
| mapcaption2      = {{center|{{small|Udmurt is classified as Definitely Endangered by the [[UNESCO]] ''[[Atlas of the World's Languages in Danger]]''}}}}
| altname          = Votyak
| dia1             = Northern
| dia2             = Central
| dia3             = Southern
| dia4             = Besermyan
| script           = [[Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]]
}}'''Udmurt''' ({{IPAc-en|ʊ|d|ˈ|m|ʊər|t}}; [[Cyrillic]]: Удмурт) is a [[Permic languages|Permic]] language spoken by the [[Udmurt people]] who are native to [[Udmurtia]]. As a [[Uralic languages|Uralic]] language, it is distantly related to languages such as [[Finnish language|Finnish]], [[Estonian language|Estonian]], [[Mansi language|Mansi]], [[Khanty language|Khanty]], and [[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]. The Udmurt language is co-official with [[Russian language|Russian]] within Udmurtia.

It is written using the [[Cyrillic]] alphabet with the addition of five characters not used in the [[Russian alphabet]]: [[Ӝ]]/ӝ, [[Ӟ]]/ӟ, [[Ӥ]]/ӥ, [[Ӧ]]/ӧ, and [[Ӵ]]/ӵ. Together with the [[Komi language|Komi]] and [[Komi-Permyak language|Permyak]] languages, it constitutes the Permic grouping of the Uralic [[Language family|family]]. The Udmurt language shares similar [[Agglutination|agglutinative]] structures with its closest relative, the Komi language.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Edygarova |first1=Svetlana |date=2022 |title=The Udmurt language between 1920 and 1950 |journal=Finnisch-ugrische Mitteilungen. |volume=46 |pages=91–139 |isbn=9783967692778}}</ref> Among outsiders, it has traditionally been referred to by its Russian [[exonym]], '''Votyak'''. Udmurt has borrowed vocabulary from neighboring languages, mainly from [[Tatar language|Tatar]] and [[Russian language|Russian]].

In 2010, per the Russian census, there were around 324,000 speakers of the language in the country, out of the ethnic population of roughly 554,000.<ref name="Endangered Languages">{{cite web | title=Udmurt | work=[[Endangered Languages Project]] | url=http://www.endangeredlanguages.com/lang/3010 | access-date=29 January 2022}}</ref> [[Ethnologue]] estimated that there were 550,000 native speakers (77%) out of an ethnic population of 750,000 in the former [[Russian SFSR]] (1989 census),<ref>[http://www.ethnologue.com/14/show_language.asp?code=UDM Ethnologue code=UDM] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081009184327/http://www.ethnologue.com/14/show_language.asp?code=UDM |date=October 9, 2008 }}</ref> a decline of roughly 41% in 21 years.