Editing University of Paris (section)

{{short description|Historic university in France (1150–1970)}}
{{Infobox university
 | name                   = University of Paris
 | native_name            = {{langx|fr|Université de Paris}}
 | image_name             = Coat of arms of the University of Paris.svg
 | image_upright          = .6
 | caption                = [[Coat of arms]] of the university {{maplink|frame=yes|plain=yes|type=point|zoom=13|frame-align=center|frame-width=250}}
 | latin_name             = Universitas magistrorum et scholarium Parisiensis<ref>{{Cite book |title=Records of The Tercentenary Festival of Dublin University |date=1894 |publisher=[[Hodges Figgis|Hodges, Figgis & Co.]] |isbn=9781355361602 |publication-place=[[Dublin]], [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Ireland]] |language=en-IE }}</ref>
 | motto                  = ''Hic et ubique terrarum'' ([[Latin]])
 | mottoeng               = Here and anywhere on Earth
 | established            = 1150{{efn|Origins at the Parisian [[cathedral school]] during the [[High Middle Ages]].}}
 | closed                 = 1970{{efn|Suppressed from 1793–1806, while the faculties and university were respectively reestablished in 1806 and 1896.}}
 | type                   = [[Guild|Corporative]], then [[public university]]
 | city                   = [[Paris]]
 | country                = France
 | campus                 = Urban
}}
The '''University of Paris''' ({{langx|fr|link=no|Université de Paris}}), known [[Metonymy|metonymically]] as the '''Sorbonne''' ({{IPA|fr|sɔʁbɔn|lang}}), was the leading university in [[Paris]], France, from 1150 to 1970, except for 1793–1806 during the [[French Revolution]]. Emerging around 1150 as a [[corporation]] associated with the [[cathedral school]] of Paris, it was considered the [[List of medieval universities|second-oldest university in Europe]].<ref name="Haskins, C. H 1923, p. 292">[[Charles Homer Haskins]]: ''The Rise of Universities'', Henry Holt and Company, 1923, p. 292.</ref> Officially [[charter]]ed in 1200 by [[Philip II of France|King Philip II]] and recognised in 1215 by [[Pope Innocent III]], it was nicknamed after its theological [[College of Sorbonne]], founded by [[Robert de Sorbon]] and chartered by [[King Louis IX]] around 1257.<ref name="Haskins, C. H 1923, p. 292"/>

Highly reputed internationally for its academic performance in the [[humanities]] ever since the [[Middle Ages]] – particularly in [[theology]] and [[philosophy]] – it introduced academic standards and traditions that have endured and spread, such as [[Doctor (title)|doctoral degree]]s and [[student nation]]s. Notable [[popes]], [[royal family|royalty]], scientists, and intellectuals were educated at the University of Paris. A few of the colleges of the time are still visible close to the [[Panthéon]] and [[Jardin du Luxembourg]]: [[Collège des Bernardins]] (18 rue de Poissy, [[5th arrondissement of Paris|5th arr.]]), [[Hôtel de Cluny]] (6 Place Paul Painlevé, 5th arr.), Collège Sainte-Barbe (4 rue Valette, 5th arr.), Collège d'Harcourt (44 Boulevard Saint-Michel, [[6th arrondissement of Paris|6th arr.]]), and Cordeliers (21 rue École de Médecine, 6th arr.).<ref name=ParisDigest>{{Cite web |url=https://www.parisdigest.com/paris/paris_university.htm |title=Sorbonne facts |year=2018 |publisher=Paris Digest |access-date=2018-09-06}}</ref>

In 1793, during the French Revolution, the university was closed and, by Item 27 of the Revolutionary Convention, the college endowments and buildings were sold.<ref name="Palmer, 1975">{{cite book | last = Palmer | first = R. R. | chapter = 27, The National Convention orders the sale of all college endowments | title = The School of The French Revolution : A Documentary History of the College of Louis-le-Grand and its Director, Jean-François Champagne, 1762–1814 | place = Princeton | publisher = Princeton Legacy Library| year = 1975 | pages = 127 | isbn = 978-0-69-161796-1}}</ref> A new [[University of France]] replaced it in 1806 with four independent faculties: the [[University of Paris Faculty of Humanities|Faculty of Humanities]] ({{langx|fr|Faculté des Lettres}}), the [[Paris Law Faculty|Faculty of Law]] (later including Economics), the Faculty of Science, the [[University of Paris Faculty of Medicine|Faculty of Medicine]] and the Faculty of Theology (closed in 1885).

In 1896, a new University of Paris was re-founded as a grouping of the Paris faculties of science, [[Faculté des lettres de Paris|literature]], [[Faculty of Law of Paris|law]], medicine, [[Protestant Faculty of Theology in Paris|Protestant theology]] and the École supérieure de pharmacie de Paris. It was inaugurated on November 19, 1896, by French President [[Félix Faure]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Histoire de l'université {{!}} Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne |url=https://www.pantheonsorbonne.fr/universite/presentation/histoire-luniversite |access-date=2024-01-16 |website=www.pantheonsorbonne.fr}}</ref> In 1970, after the [[May 68|civil unrest of May 1968]], the university was divided into 13 autonomous universities, which today are the [[Sorbonne University]], [[Panthéon-Sorbonne University]], the [[Assas University]], the [[Sorbonne Nouvelle University]], the [[Paris Cité University]], the [[PSL University]], the [[Saclay University]], the [[Nanterre University]], the [[Sorbonne Paris North University]], the [[Paris-East Créteil University]] and the [[Paris 8 University Vincennes-Saint-Denis|Paris 8 University]]. The [[Chancellerie des Universités de Paris]] inherited the heritage assets of the University of Paris, including the [[Sorbonne (building)|Sorbonne]] building, the "''La Sorbonne''" brand, control of the inter-university libraries, and management of the staff of the Paris universities (until 2007).<ref>{{Cite web |title=La Chancellerie des universités de Paris a 50 ans. |url=https://www.ac-paris.fr/la-chancellerie-des-universites-de-paris-a-50-ans-124499#:~:text=Cr%C3%A9%C3%A9e%20par%20d%C3%A9cret%20du%2030,universit%C3%A9s%20ou%20des%20grands%20%C3%A9tablissements. |access-date=2024-10-17 |website=Académie de Paris |language=fr}}</ref>