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Valeric acid
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{{Short description|Carboxylic acid β CH3(CH2)3COOH}} {{Distinguish|Valerenic acid}} {{chembox | Reference=<ref>''[[Merck Index]]'', 13th Edition, 2001, page 1764.</ref> | Name = Valeric acid | ImageFile = Valeric_acid_acsv.svg | ImageClass = skin-invert-image | ImageSize = 150px | ImageName = Valeric acid | ImageFile2 = Valeric-acid-3D-balls.png | ImageSize2 = 180px | IUPACName = Pentanoic acid | OtherNames = 1-Butanecarboxylic acid<br />Propylacetic acid<br />C5:0 ([[Lipid number]]s) |Section1={{Chembox Identifiers | index_label = Valeric acid | index1_label = Valerate | IUPHAR_ligand = 1061 | SMILES = CCCCC(O)=O | CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} | CASNo = 109-52-4 | CASNo1 = 10023-74-2 | UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} | UNII = GZK92PJM7B | ChEBI = 17418 | ChEBI1 = 31011 | ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} | ChEMBL = 268736 | EINECS = 203-677-2 | PubChem = 7991 | PubChem1 = 114781 | RTECS = YV6100000 | ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} | ChemSpiderID = 7701 | ChemSpiderID1 = 102757 | InChI = 1/C5H10O2/c1-2-3-4-5(6)7/h2-4H2,1H3,(H,6,7) | InChIKey = NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYAU | StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChI = 1S/C5H10O2/c1-2-3-4-5(6)7/h2-4H2,1H3,(H,6,7) | StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} | StdInChIKey = NQPDZGIKBAWPEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N }} |Section2={{Chembox Properties | C=5 | H=10 | O=2 | Appearance = Colorless liquid | Density = 0.930 g/cm<sup>3</sup> | Solubility = 4.97 g/100 mL | MeltingPtC = β34.5 | BoilingPtC = 185 | pKa = 4.82 | Viscosity = | MagSus = β66.85Β·10<sup>β6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol }} |Section7={{Chembox Hazards | Hazards_ref =<ref name="sigma">{{cite web |url=https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/aldrich/W310107?lang=en®ion=GB |author=Sigma-Aldrich |title=Valeric acid |access-date=2020-09-29 }}</ref> | GHSPictograms = {{GHS05}} | GHSSignalWord = Danger | ExternalSDS = | NFPA-H = 3 | NFPA-F = 1 | NFPA-R = 0 | FlashPtC = 86 | HPhrases = {{H-phrases|314|412}} | PPhrases = {{P-phrases|273|280|303+361+353|305+351+338+310}} }} |Section8={{Chembox Related | OtherCompounds = [[Butyric acid]], [[Hexanoic acid]] }} }} '''Valeric acid''' or '''pentanoic acid''' is a straight-chain [[alkyl]] [[carboxylic acid]] with the [[chemical formula]] {{chem2|CH3(CH2)3COOH}}. Like other low-molecular-weight carboxylic acids, it has an [[unpleasant odor]]. It is found in the perennial flowering plant ''[[Valeriana officinalis]]'', from which it gets its name. Its primary use is in the synthesis of its [[ester]]s. [[Carboxylate salt|Salt]]s and [[ester]]s of valeric acid are known as '''valerates''' or '''pentanoates'''. Volatile esters of valeric acid tend to have pleasant odors and are used in perfumes and cosmetics. Several, including [[ethyl valerate]] and [[pentyl valerate]] are used as [[food additives]] because of their fruity flavors.
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