Editing Vesto Slipher (section)

{{Short description|American astronomer (1875–1969)}}
{{use mdy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox scientist
| name              = Vesto Melvin Slipher
| image             =
| caption           =
| birth_date        = {{birth date|1875|11|11}}
| birth_place       = [[Mulberry, Indiana]], United States
| death_date        = {{death date and age|1969|11|08|1875|11|11}}
| death_place       = [[Flagstaff, Arizona]], United States
| spouse            = {{marriage|Emma R. Munger|1904}}
| children          = 2
| fields            = [[Astronomy]]
| workplaces        = [[Lowell Observatory]]
| alma_mater        = [[Indiana University]] ([[Bachelor of Science|BS]], [[Master of Science|MS]], [[PhD]])
| relatives         = [[Earl C. Slipher]] (brother)
| known_for         = {{ubl|Discovering [[redshift]]s in [[spiral galaxies]]|Discovering the [[sodium layer]]}}
}}

'''Vesto Melvin Slipher''' ({{IPAc-en|ˈ|s|l|aɪ|f|ər}}; November 11, 1875 – November 8, 1969) was an American [[astronomer]] who performed the first measurements of radial velocities for galaxies. He was the first to discover that distant galaxies are [[redshifts|redshifted]], thus providing the first empirical basis for the expansion of the universe.<ref name="nytimes1969">{{Cite news| publication-date = November 10, 1969| date = November 9, 1969| title = Nesto (sic) Slipher, 93, Astronomer, Dies| periodical = [[The New York Times]]| place = Flagstaff, AZ| page = 47| issn = 0362-4331}}</ref><ref name=wayhunter>{{Cite book |editor= Way, M.J. |editor2= D. Hunter |date=2013 |title= Origins of the Expanding Universe: 1912–1932. |publisher= ASP Conference Series 471. Astronomical Society of the Pacific.|location=San Francisco}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Nussbaumer|first1=Harry|title='Slipher's redshifts as support for de Sitter's model and the discovery of the dynamic universe' In Origins of the Expanding Universe: 1912–1932|date=2013|publisher=Astronomical Society of the Pacific|pages=25–38}}[https://arxiv.org/abs/1303.1814 Physics ArXiv preprint]</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=O'Raifeartaigh|first1=Cormac|title=The Contribution of V.M. Slipher to the discovery of the expanding universe in 'Origins of the Expanding Universe'|date=2013|publisher=Astronomical Society of the Pacific|pages=49–62}}[https://arxiv.org/abs/1212.5499 Physics ArXiv preprint]</ref> He was also the first to [[Hubble's law|relate these redshifts to velocity]].<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Slipher|first1=V.M.|date=1917|title=Radial velocity observations of spiral nebulae|journal=The Observatory|volume=40|pages=304–306|bibcode=1917Obs....40..304S}}</ref>