Editing Viet Minh (section)

{{Short description|Vietnam's communist-led independence movement (1941-55)}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2020}}<!-- Three sections have no footnotes -->
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2024}}
{{Infobox political party
| name             = League for Independence of Vietnam
| native_name      = Việt Nam Độc lập Đồng minh
| colorcode        = {{party color|Communist Party of Vietnam}}
| abbreviation     = '''Viet Minh'''
| flag             = Flag of North Vietnam (1945–1955).svg
| footnotes        = 
| leader           = [[Ho Chi Minh]] (1941–1951)
| founded          = {{start date|1941|05|19|df=yes}}
| dissolved        = {{end date|1955|09|10|df=yes}}
| native_name_lang = vi
| governing_body   = Viet Minh General Department<br/>{{small|{{lang|vi|Tổng bộ Việt Minh}}}}
| predecessor      = [[Vietnamese Fatherland Front|Anti-imperialist National United Front of Indochina]] (''Mặt trận Thống nhất Dân tộc Phản đế Đông Dương'')
| successor        = {{ubl|{{flag icon|North Vietnam}} [[Vietnamese Fatherland Front]]|{{flag icon|South Vietnam|1975}} [[National Liberation Front of South Vietnam]]}}
| founder          = [[Indochinese Communist Party]] (now the [[Communist Party of Vietnam]])
| leader1_title    = Director of General Department
| leader1_name     = [[Nguyễn Lương Bằng]] (1941–1951)
| leader2_title    = Secretary of General Department
| leader2_name     = {{ill|Hoàng Văn Thụ|vi}} (1941–1943) <br /> {{ill|Hoàng Quốc Việt|de||vi}} (1943–1951)
| leader3_title    = Members of General Department
| leader3_name     = * [[Võ Nguyên Giáp]]
* [[Phạm Văn Đồng]]
* [[Trường Chinh]]
* {{ill|Trần Huy Liệu|ja|チャン・フイ・リエウ|vi||zh|陈辉燎}}
* [[Hồ Tùng Mậu]]
| headquarters     = [[Pác Bó]], [[Cao Bằng]]
| newspaper        = {{lang|vi|Cứu Quốc}} (National Salvation)
| ideology         = [[Communism]]<ref name= Pathet-Lao>{{cite web |title=Pathet Lao |url=https://www.britannica.com/topic/Pathet-Lao |publisher=Encyclopædia Britannica |access-date=2025-04-03}}</ref><br />[[Marxism–Leninism]]<br />[[Vietnamese nationalism]]<ref name= Pathet-Lao /><br />[[Anti-Imperialism]]<ref name= Pathet-Lao />
| country          = Vietnam
| wing1            = [[People's Army of Vietnam]]
| wing1_title      = Armed wing
}}

The '''Việt Minh''' ({{IPA|vi|vîət mīŋ̟|lang|Viet Minh.ogg}}, {{Chuhan|越盟}}) is the common and abbreviated name of the '''League for Independence of Vietnam''' ({{langx|vi|Việt Nam Độc lập Đồng minh}}<ref>Phạm Hồng Tung: ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20190215001904/https://khoalichsu.ussh.vnu.edu.vn/tim-hiu-them-v-mt-trn-vit-minh/ Tìm hiểu thêm về Mặt trận Việt Minh.]'' ''Tạp chí Nghiên cứu Lịch sử'', số 2 năm 2000.</ref> or {{Lang|vi|Việt Nam Độc lập Đồng minh Hội}}, {{chuhan|越南獨立同盟(會)}}; {{langx|fr|Ligue pour l'indépendance du Viêt Nam}}), which was a [[Communist Party of Vietnam|communist]]-led [[national independence]] coalition formed at [[Pác Bó]] by [[Hồ Chí Minh]] on 19 May 1941. Also known as the '''Việt Minh Front''' ({{Lang|vi|Mặt trận Việt Minh}}), it was created by the [[Indochinese Communist Party]] (ICP) as a [[united front]] to achieve the independence of the [[North Vietnam|Democratic Republic of Vietnam]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://dantri.com.vn/xa-hoi/mat-tran-to-quoc-viet-nam-chang-duong-80-nam-ve-vang-1290240396.htm |title=Mặt trận Tổ quốc Việt Nam: Chặng đường 80 năm vẻ vang |author=PV |date=17 November 2011 |website=Dân trí |access-date=14 January 2018 |archive-date=15 January 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180115071630/http://dantri.com.vn/xa-hoi/mat-tran-to-quoc-viet-nam-chang-duong-80-nam-ve-vang-1290240396.htm |url-status=live }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://dangcongsan.vn/xay-dung-dang/mat-tran-viet-minh-bieu-tuong-cua-khoi-dai-doan-ket-toan-dan-toc-580849.html |title=Mặt trận Việt Minh – biểu tượng của khối đại đoàn kết toàn dân tộc |author=Thương Huyền |date=19 May 2021 |website=Báo Điện tử Đảng Cộng sản Việt Nam |access-date=4 September 2021 |archive-date=9 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809184115/https://dangcongsan.vn/xay-dung-dang/mat-tran-viet-minh-bieu-tuong-cua-khoi-dai-doan-ket-toan-dan-toc-580849.html |url-status=live }}</ref>

[[File:Viet Minh-controlled French Indochina.png|250px|thumb|Việt Minh and allies extended controlled territories in 1954]]
The {{lang|vi|Việt Nam Độc lập Vận động Đồng minh Hội}} was previously formed by Hồ Học Lãm in [[Nanjing]], China, at some point between August 1935 and early 1936, when Vietnamese nationalist parties formed an anti-imperialist [[united front]]. This organization soon lapsed into inactivity, only to be taken over by Hồ Chí Minh and the ICP in 1941.<ref>{{cite web |author=Nguyen, Sai D. |title=The National Flag of Viet Nam. |url=http://www.vpac-usa.org/flag/The%20National%20Flag%20of%20VN.pdf |pages=212–213 |publisher=Vpac-usa.org |access-date=4 January 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050512031344/http://www.vpac-usa.org/flag/The%20National%20Flag%20of%20VN.pdf |archive-date=12 May 2005}}</ref> They presented the organization as inclusive of political groups, with a founding charter more nationalist than communist. It exhorted "soldiers, workers, peasants, intellectuals, civil servants, merchants, young men and women" to overthrow  "French jackals" and "Japanese [[Fascism|fascists]]", while the group's first chairman was a non-communist.<ref>{{cite web |year=2019 |title=The Viet Minh |url=https://alphahistory.com/vietnamwar/viet-minh/#The_Viet_Minh_formed |website=Alpha History |access-date=18 January 2023 |archive-date=9 August 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240809183958/https://alphahistory.com/vietnamwar/viet-minh/#The_Viet_Minh_formed |url-status=live }}</ref> In all, the Việt Minh established itself as the only organized anti-French and anti-Japanese resistance group.<ref>{{cite book |last=Hunt |first=Michael H. |title=The world transformed: 1945 to the present |publisher=Oxford University Press |date=26 June 2015 |pages=124 |isbn=978-0-19-937102-0 |oclc=907585907}}</ref> The Việt Minh initially formed to seek independence for [[Vietnam]] from the [[French colonial empire|French Empire]]. The [[United States]] supported France. When the [[Japanese occupation of Vietnam|Japanese occupation]] began, the Việt Minh opposed Japan with support from the United States and the [[Republic of China (1912–1949)|Republic of China]]. After World War II, the Việt Minh established the [[Democratic Republic of Vietnam]] and opposed the re-occupation of Vietnam by France, resulting in the [[First Indochina War|Indochina War]], and later opposed [[South Vietnam]] and the United States in the [[Vietnam War]]. It was also opposed by anti-communist Vietnamese nationalists, such as the [[Việt Nam Quốc Dân Đảng]], the reason for the establishment of the [[State of Vietnam]] in 1949.

The political leader of Việt Minh was Hồ Chí Minh. The military leadership was under the command of [[Võ Nguyên Giáp]]. Other founders were [[Lê Duẩn]] and [[Phạm Văn Đồng]].

The ''Việt Nam Độc lập Đồng minh'' is not to be confused with the ''Việt Nam Cách mệnh Đồng minh Hội'' (League for the Vietnamese Revolution, abbreviated as ''Việt Cách'') which was founded by [[Nguyễn Hải Thần]]. Việt Cách later briefly joined the Vietnamese National Coalition in 1946.

Today, the [[Vietnam Fatherland Front]] – a socio-political coalition led by the [[Communist Party of Vietnam]] forming the [[Government of Vietnam|Vietnamese government]] – is recognized as the modern incarnation of the Việt Minh front in current [[Politics of Vietnam|Vietnamese politics]].