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Visionary
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{{Multiple issues|section=| {{POV|date=May 2025}} {{Tone|date=May 2025}} {{Incoherent|date=May 2025}} }} {{Short description|One who can envision the future}} {{About|one who sees or has visions}} A '''visionary''', defined broadly, is one who can envision the future. For some groups, visioning can involve the [[supernatural]]. Though visionaries may face accusations of [[hallucinations | hallucinating]],<ref> For example: {{cite book |last1 = Blom |first1 = Jan Dirk |date = 23 June 2023 |chapter = Hallucination |title = A Dictionary of Hallucinations |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=ewfHEAAAQBAJ |edition = 2 |publication-place = Cham, Zug |publisher = Springer Nature |page = 319 |isbn = 9783031252488 |access-date = 14 July 2024 |quote = In 1838 [...] [[Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol | Esquirol]] stated that 'A person is said to labour under a hallucination, or to be a visionary, who has a thorough conviction of the perception of a sensation, when no external object, suited to excite this sensation, has impressed the senses'. }} </ref> people may succeed in reaching a visionary state via [[meditation]],<ref> For example: {{cite book |last1 = Greene |first1 = Eric M. |date = 31 January 2021 |chapter = Meditation and Meditation Literatuire in Early Medieval Chinese Buddhism |title = The Secrets of Buddhist Meditation: Visionary Meditation Texts from Early Medieval China |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=4cETEAAAQBAJ |series = Kuroda Classics in East Asian Buddhism |publication-place = Honolulu |publisher = University of Hawaiʻi Press |pages = 8–9 |isbn = 9780824884444 |access-date = 14 July 2024 |quote = In the ''Chan Essentials'' and ''Methods for Curing'' [...] the meditator's journey is not psychological but ''visionary''. [...] Successful meditation, as depicted here, is primarily an elaborate visionary journey. }} </ref> [[lucid dream]]s, [[daydream]]s, or [[art]]. One example of a visionary is [[Hildegard of Bingen]], a 12th-century artist and [[Catholic]] [[saint]].<ref>[http://justus.anglican.org/resources/bio/247.html Hildegard of Bingen, Visionary<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> Other visionaries in religion include [[Bernadette Soubirous | St Bernadette]] (1844-1879) and [[Joseph Smith]] (1805-1844), said to have had visions of and to have communed with the [[Blessed Virgin]] and the [[Angel Moroni]], respectively. There is also the case of the [[Targum Jonathan]], which was produced in antiquity and served as the [[targum]] to the [[Nevi'im]]. It described the significance of the [[turban]] or a [[diadem]] to indicate a capability on the part of [[Jews|Jewish]] priests to become agents of visionary experience.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Reading Prophetic Books: Form, Intertextuality, and Reception in Prophetic and Post-Biblical Literature|last=Sweeney|first=Marvin|publisher=Mohr Siebeck |year=2014|isbn=9783161523748|location=Tübingen|pages=392}} </ref> [[Robert Jarvik]] has suggested: "[[Leader]]s are visionaries with a poorly developed sense of fear and no concept of the odds against them."<ref> {{cite book |editor-last1 = Robbins |editor-first1 = Pam |editor-last2 = Alvy |editor-first2 = Harvey B. |date = 18 February 2014 |title = The Principal's Companion: Strategies to Lead Schools for Student and Teacher Success |url = https://books.google.com/books?id=mZxyAwAAQBAJ |edition = 4 |publication-place = Thousand Oaks, California |publisher = Corwin Press |page = 257 |isbn = 9781452287546 |access-date = 14 July 2024 }} </ref>
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