Editing Voiced palatal approximant (section)

{{Short description|Type of consonant used in many spoken languages}}
{{For|consonants followed by superscript ʲ|Palatalization (phonetics)}}
{{Infobox IPA
|ipa symbol=j
|ipa number=153
|decimal=106
|x-sampa=j
|braille=j
|imagefile=IPA Unicode 0x006A.svg
}}
{{Infobox IPA
|above=Voiced alveolo-palatal approximant
|ipa symbol=j˖
|soundfile=
}}
The '''voiced palatal approximant''' is a type of [[consonant]] used in many [[spoken language]]s. The symbol in the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] that represents this sound is {{angbr IPA|j}}; the equivalent [[X-SAMPA]] symbol is <code>j</code>, and in the [[Americanist phonetic notation]] it is {{angbr|y}}. When this sound occurs in the form of a palatal glide it is frequently, but not exclusively, denoted as a superscript ''j'' {{IPAalink|ʲ}} in IPA.

This sound is traditionally called a [[Yod (letter)|''yod'']],<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Glain |first1=Olivier |date=2012 |title=The yod /j/: palatalise it or drop it! How Traditional Yod Forms are disappearing from Contemporary English |url=http://www.cercles.com/n22/glain.pdf |journal=Cercles |volume=22 |issue= |publisher=[[Jean Monnet University]] |pages=4–24 |doi= |access-date=2016-03-23|url-status=unfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160323161701/http://www.cercles.com/n22/glain.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-23}}</ref> after its name in [[Hebrew]]. This is reflected in the names of certain [[Sound change|phonological changes]], such as [[Phonological history of English consonant clusters#Yod-dropping|''yod-dropping'']] and [[Phonological history of English consonant clusters#Yod-coalescence|''yod-coalescence'']].

The palatal approximant can often be considered the [[semivowel|semivocalic]] equivalent of the [[close front unrounded vowel]] {{IPA|[i]}}. They [[alternation (linguistics)|alternate]] with each other in certain languages, such as [[French language|French]], and in the [[diphthongs]] of some languages as {{angbr IPA|j}} and {{angbr IPA|i̯}}, with the non-syllabic diacritic used in different [[phonetic transcription]] systems to represent the same sound.

A '''voiced alveolo-palatal approximant''' is attested as phonemic in the [[Huastec language]],<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Larsen |first1=R.S. |last2=Pike |first2=E.V. |date=1949 |title=Huasteco Intonations and Phonemes |journal=Language |volume=25 |issue=3 |pages=268–27|doi=10.2307/410088 |jstor=410088 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Ochoa Peralta |first=María Angela |title=El idioma huasteco de Xiloxuchil, Veracruz |date=1984 |publisher=Instituto Nacional de Antropolog'ia e Historia |location=México |pages=33–34 |quote=SEMIVOCAL '''ALVEOPALATAL''' SONORA Tiene dos alófonos: ''[y]'' semivocal alveopalatal sonora, y ''[Y]'' semivocal alveopalatal sorda.}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=UPSID HUASTECO |url=http://web.phonetik.uni-frankfurt.de/L/L6776.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=web.phonetik.uni-frankfurt.de |quote=voiced palato-alveolar approximant}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Simple UPSID interface |url=http://web.phonetik.uni-frankfurt.de/upsid.html |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=web.phonetik.uni-frankfurt.de}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Maddieson |first=Ian |title=Pattern of Sounds |publisher=Cambridge University Press |location=Cambridge, UK}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Maddieson |first1=Ian |title=Updating UPSID |last2=Precoda |first2=Kristin |date=1990 |publisher=Department of Linguistics, UCLA |volume=74 |pages=104–111}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |year=2019 |editor-last=Moran |editor-first=Steven |editor2-last=McCloy |editor2-first=Daniel |title=Huastec sound inventory (UPSID) |url=http://phoible.org/inventories/view/360 |journal=UCLA Phonological Segment Inventory Database |publisher=Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History |quote=j̟}}</ref> and is represented as an advanced voiced palatal approximant {{Angbr IPA|j̟|lang=Huastec}},<ref>{{Cite web |title=PHOIBLE 2.0 - Consonant j̟ |url=https://phoible.org/parameters/A30A66B41A66B60C4183B3C0FD8873A5#6/21.615/261.497 |access-date=2023-12-30 |website=phoible.org |quote=j̟}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> or the plus sign may be placed after the letter, {{angbr IPA|j˖}}.