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Widescreen signaling
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{{short description|Aspect ratio signaling in an analog television signal}} {{Use American English|date=June 2021}} In [[television]] technology, '''Wide Screen Signaling''' ('''WSS''')<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |url=https://www.renesas.com/us/en/document/apn/an9716-widescreen-signaling-wss |title=APPLICATION NOTE 9716: Widescreen Signaling (WSS) |publisher=Renesas |year=1988}}</ref> is digital [[metadata]] embedded in [[Vertical blanking interval|invisible part]] of the [[analog TV]] signal describing qualities of the broadcast, in particular the intended [[aspect ratio (image)|aspect ratio]] of the image. This allows television broadcasters to enable both [[Fullscreen (aspect ratio)|4:3]] and [[16:9 aspect ratio|16:9]] television sets to optimally present pictures transmitted in either format, by displaying them in [[Fullscreen (aspect ratio)|full screen]], [[Letterboxing (filming)|letterbox]], [[widescreen]], [[Pillarbox|pillar-box]], zoomed [[Letterboxing (filming)|letterbox]], etc.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/5342857|title=Managing mixed HD and SD broadcasting|first1=Matej|last1=Loncaric|first2=Dijana|last2=Tralic|first3=Maja|last3=Brzica|first4=Juraj|last4=Petrovic|first5=Sonja|last5=Grgic|date=September 17, 2009|pages=79β82|via=IEEE Xplore}}</ref><ref name="auto">{{Cite book |url=https://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/bt/R-REC-BT.1119-2-199802-I!!PDF-E.pdf |title=RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1119-2 - WIDE-SCREEN SIGNALLING FOR BROADCASTING |publisher=ITU |year=1998}}</ref> This development is related to introduction of widescreen TVs and broadcasts,<ref name="auto"/> with the [[PALplus]]<ref name="auto2">{{Cite web |title=RECOMMENDATION ITU-R BT.1197-1 Enhanced wide-screen PAL TV transmission system (the PALplus system) |url=https://www.itu.int/dms_pubrec/itu-r/rec/bt/R-REC-BT.1197-1-199802-W!!PDF-E.pdf |website=itu.int}}</ref> system in the [[European Union]] (mid 1990s), the [[Clear-Vision]]<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |last=FUKINUKI |first=Takahiko |title=EDTV |date=March 1991 |url=https://search.ieice.org/bin/summary.php?id=e74-b_3_540}}</ref><ref name=":13">{{Cite web |last=Pollack |first=Andrew |date=September 15, 1994 |title=Japanese Taking to Wide-Screen TV |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1994/09/15/business/japanese-taking-to-wide-screen-tv.html |via=NYTimes.com}}</ref> system in [[Japan]] (early 1990s), and the need to downscale [[High-definition television|HD broadcasts]] to [[Standard-definition television|SD]] in the US. The [[Bandwidth (signal processing)|bandwidth]] of the WSS signal is low enough to be recorded on [[VHS]] (at the time a popular home video recording technology). It is standardized on Rec. [[ITU-R]] BT.1119-2.<ref name="auto" /> A modern digital equivalent would be the [[Active Format Description]], a standard set of codes that can be sent in a [[MPEG transport stream|MPEG video stream]], with a similar set of aspect ratio possibilities.
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