Editing Workers' Party (Brazil) (section)

{{Short description|Political party in Brazil}}
{{Redirect|Partido dos Trabalhadores|the Bissau-Guinean party|Workers' Party (Guinea-Bissau)}}
{{Distinguish|Brazilian Labour Party (disambiguation){{!}}Brazilian Labour Party}}
{{Use mdy dates|date=April 2013}}
{{Infobox political party
| name             = Workers' Party
| native_name      = Partido dos Trabalhadores
| native_name_lang = pt
| logo             = PT (Brazil) logo 2021.svg
| colorcode        = {{party color|Workers' Party (Brazil)}}
| abbreviation     = PT
| leader1_title    = President
| leader1_name     = [[Gleisi Hoffmann]]
| leader2_title    = Vice President
| leader2_name     = [[Washington Quaquá]]
| leader3_title    = Honorary President
| leader3_name     = [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]]
| founded          = {{start date and age|1980|2|10|df=y}}
| registered       = {{Start date and age|1982|2|11|df=yes}}
| split            = 
| newspaper        = ''Focus Brasil''<ref>{{cite web | url=https://pt.org.br/tag/revista-focus-brasil/ | title=Revista Focus Brasil | language=pt-br}}</ref>
| headquarters     = {{ubl|[[São Paulo]], Brazil|[[Brasília]], Brazil}}
| membership_year  = 2024
| think_tank       = Fundação Perseu Abramo<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://fpabramo.org.br/|title=Página inicial - com gutenberg|website=Fundação Perseu Abramo|accessdate=September 6, 2023}}</ref>
| student_wing     = Juventude do PT<ref>{{cite web | url=https://pt.org.br/tag/juventude-do-pt/ | title=Juventude do PT | website=pt.org.br | language = pt-br}}</ref>
| membership       = {{increase}} 1,653,361<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://sig.tse.jus.br/ords/dwapr/r/seai/sig-eleicao-filiados/home?p0_partido=PT&session=209160262768047 | title=Estatísticas de filiação | language=pt | trans-title=Membership Statistics | website=sig.tse.jus.br}}</ref>
| ideology         = {{ubl|class=nowrap|[[Social democracy]]<ref name="Samuels 2004">{{cite journal | last=Samuels | first=David | title=From Socialism to Social Democracy: Party Organization and the Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil | journal=[[Comparative Political Studies]] | volume=37 | issue=9 | year=2004 | issn=0010-4140 | url=https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0010414004268856 | doi=10.1177/0010414004268856 | pages=999–1024| s2cid=10001704 | url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/238536276 |title=Is Social Democracy Possible in Latin America? |date= |accessdate=29 December 2021}}</ref>
 |[[Progressivism]]<ref name="liberal Lula 2">{{cite news |title=Guidelines for soy don't protect tropical forests in Brazil |url=https://www.futurity.org/tropical-forests-brazil-soybean-farming-2823882-2/ |quote=Voters chose between the conservative Jair Bolsonaro and the liberal Lula da Silva. |access-date=11 January 2023 |agency=[[Futurity (website)|Futurity]] |date=2 November 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor=Liisa L. North, Timothy D. Clark |title=Dominant Elites in Latin America: From Neo-Liberalism to the 'Pink Tide' |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WNsxDwAAQBAJ&dq=Brazil+%22progressive+Workers%27+Party%22&pg=PA212 |quote= In Brazil, as Simone Bohn makes straightforward (Chap. 3), the progressive Workers' Party (Partido dos Trabalhadores, PT) governments did not threaten the power of the national elite or landlord class; ...|date=2017 |page=212 |publisher=[[Springer Science+Business Media|Springer]]|isbn=9783319532554 }}</ref>
 |[[Populism]]<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www1.folha.uol.com.br/fsp/brasil/fc12069802.htm|title=Proposta do PT é "populista' e "estúpida", diz Dornbusch|trans-title=PT's proposal is "populist" and "stupid", says Dornbusch|website=[[Folha de S.Paulo]]|language=pt-BR}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2017-10-31/these-elections-could-reshape-latin-america#xj4y7vzkg|title=These Elections Could Reshape Latin America|last1=Cattan|first1=Nacha|last2=Biller|first2=David|date=2017-10-31|access-date=2017-09-01|publisher=Bloomberg}}</ref>
 |[[Lulism]]<ref name=Singer2009>{{cite journal |last1=Singer |first1=André |title=Raízes sociais e ideológicas do lulismo |trans-title=Social and ideological roots of Lulism |language=pt-BR |journal=Novos Estudos - CEBRAP |date=2009 |issue=85 |pages=83–102 |doi=10.1590/S0101-33002009000300004 |doi-access=free }}</ref>
 |'''Factions:'''
 |[[Democratic socialism]]<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=3joQKjDtn4wC&q=democratic+socialist+brazilian+workers+party&pg=PA193|title=Democratic Socialism: A Global Survey|isbn=9780275968861|last1=Busky|first1=Donald F.|year=2000|publisher=Greenwood Publishing }}</ref><ref name="L">{{cite web | url=https://www.cnnbrasil.com.br/politica/apesar-de-resistencia-do-pt-lula-quer-participacao-de-meirelles-em-eventual-governo/ | title=Apesar de resistência do PT, Lula quer participação de Meirelles em eventual governo, dizem aliados | trans-title=Despite PT's resistance, Lula wants [[Henrique Meirelles|Meirelles]] to participate in an eventual government, say allies | website=[[CNN Brazil]] | language=pt-BR | date=21 September 2016 | access-date=28 October 2022 | first1=Gustavo | last1=Uribe | first2=Thais | last2=Herédia}}</ref>
 |[[Socialism of the 21st century]]<ref>
* Amaral, Oswaldo E. do. ''A estrela não é mais vermelha: as mudanças do programa petista nos anos 1990'' (in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo, Garçoni, 2003.
* Gadotti, M.; Pereira, O. ''Pra que PT:'' Origem, Projeto e Consolidação do Partido dos Trabalhadores (in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo, Cortez, 1989.
* Keck, Margareth E. ''PT: a lógica da diferença: o Partido dos Trabalhadores na construção da democracia brasileira'' (in Brazilian Portuguese). São Paulo, Ática, 1991.
* Singer, André. ''Raizes sociais e ideológicas do lulismo'' (in Brazilian Portuguese). Revista Novos Estudos CEBRAP, n. 85, nov. 2009.</ref>
 |[[Catholic left]]<ref>{{cite book |title=The Paradox of Adversity: New Left Party Survival and Collapse in Latin America |first=Brandon Philip |last=van Dyck |year=2014 |publisher=Harvard University |pages=112–113}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |language=pt |title=Os católicos oPTaram?: os "setores católicos" e o Partido dos Trabalhadores (PT) na grande São Paulo (1978-1982) |first=Adriano Henriques |last=Machado |year=2010 |page=60}}</ref><ref name="smith">{{cite book |title=Religion and Brazilian Democracy: Mobilizing the People of God |first=Amy Erica |last=Smith |year=2019 |doi=10.1017/9781108699655 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-1-108-48211-0 |page=8}}</ref>
 |[[Liberation theology]]<ref name="knoll">{{cite journal |title=Seeking Liberation in Brazil |journal=NACLA Report on the Americas |volume=51 |issue=3 |doi=10.1080/10714839.2019.1650483 |first=Travis |last=Knoll |year=2019 |pages=229–230 |issn=2471-2620}}</ref><ref name="flynn">{{cite journal |title=Brazil and Lula, 2005: crisis, corruption and change in political perspective |first=Peter |last=Flynn |journal=Third World Quarterly |volume=26 |issue=8 |pages=1221– 1267 |year=2005 |issn=1360-2241 |publisher=Routledge |doi=10.1080/01436590500400025}}</ref><ref name="faith">{{cite book |title=Faith in Civil Society: Religious Actors as Drivers of Change |isbn=978-91-980391-4-6 |issn=1403-1264 |location=Uppsala |year=2013 |publisher=Uppsala Centre for Sustainable Development |page=125 |author1=Heidi Moksnes |author2=Mia Melin}}</ref><br>'''Historical:'''<br>[[Socialism]]<ref>{{cite journal |last=Samuels |first=David |date=2004 |title=From Socialism to Social Democracy: Party Organization and the Transformation of the Workers' Party in Brazil |url=https://www.doi.org/10.1177/0010414004268856 |journal=[[Comparative Political Studies]] |volume=37 |issue=9 |publisher=[[Sage Journals]] |pages=999-1024 |doi=10.1177/0010414004268856 |issn=0010-4140 |s2cid=10001704 |access-date=2025-03-09|url-access=subscription }}</ref>
}}
| position         = {{ubl|class=nowrap|
 |[[Centre-left politics|Centre-left]]<ref>{{bulleted list|
{{cite news |last=Gallas |first=Daniel |date=2016-02-29 |title=Dilma Rousseff and Brazil face up to decisive month |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-35922425 |publisher=BBC News |access-date=2025-02-09}}|{{cite web |date= |title="Dilma é muito mais de esquerda do que eu", afirma Lula |trans-title="Dilma is much more leftist than me", says Lula |url=https://www.osul.com.br/dilma-e-muito-mais-de-esquerda-do-que-eu-afirma-lula/ |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191201214018/https://www.osul.com.br/dilma-e-muito-mais-de-esquerda-do-que-eu-afirma-lula/ |archive-date=2019-12-01 |website=Jornal O Sul |location=Brazil |language=pt-BR |access-date=2025-03-09}}|{{Cite journal |date=May 6, 2022 |title=Brazilian Electoral Bulletin 2022 |url=https://www.braziloffice.org/campaigns/view-campaign/3Cr3BcCcZNfslVusPicWnj9l_ye50Z7Ay2W3I-YDvdoGBcD0riXdq3mEN2B2J5J3-CY579oj7OI1_lvF9wB9KDKvgcbUzwoq |journal=Washington Brazil Office |volume=13 |issue= |quote=The party alliance supporting Lula da Silva’s candidacy is practically defined and will be composed of one center-right party (Solidariedade), two center parties (Green Party, PV; Sustainable Network, REDE), three center-left parties (Workers’ Party, PT; Communist Party of Brazil, PCdoB; and the Brazilian Socialist Party, PSB), and one left-wing party (Party of Socialism and Liberty, PSOL).}}
}}</ref>
 |'''Factions:'''
 |[[Left-wing politics|Left-wing]]{{cref|A}}<ref>{{cite news |date=2018-11-01 |title=The demise of Brazil's great centrist party |url=https://www.economist.com/the-americas/2018/11/01/the-demise-of-brazils-great-centrist-party |publisher=[[The Economist]] |access-date=2018-11-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221004214827/https://www.economist.com/the-americas/2018/11/03/the-demise-of-brazils-great-centrist-party |archive-date=2022-10-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last=Khan |first=Shebab |date=2018-11-24 |title=Jair Bolsonaro: Brazil's far-right president-elect accused of campaign funding irregularities |url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/jair-bolsonaro-brazil-far-right-president-campaign-funding-irregularities-investigation-a8633 |publisher=[[The Independent]] |access-date=2025-03-10}}</ref><br>'''Historical:'''<br>[[Left-wing]]<ref>{{cite book |last= Bogdan |first= J Szajkowski |date= 2005 |title= Political Parties of the World |url= https://archive.org/details/politicalparties0000unse_c5d1/mode/2up |publisher= John Harper Publishing |page= 81 |access-date= 2025-02-24 |quote= In October 2002 elections the left-wing Worker’s Party (PT) won the presidential elections for the first time.}}</ref>}}
| national         = [[Brazil of Hope]]
| regional         = [[São Paulo Forum]]<br />[[COPPPAL]]
| international    = [[Progressive Alliance]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://progressive-alliance.info/2016/09/22/participants-of-the-denpasar-seminar-20-21-september-2016/|title=Participants of the Denpasar Seminar, 19 – 20 September 2016 - Progressive Alliance|access-date=22 November 2016|date=2016-09-22}}</ref><br>[[For the Freedom of Nations!]]
| colors           = {{color box|{{party color|Workers' Party (Brazil)}}|border=darkgray}} [[Red]] {{color box|white|border=darkgray}} [[White]]
| blank1_title     = [[Superior Electoral Court|TSE]] Identification Number
| blank1           = 13
| seats1_title     = [[List of current state governors in Brazil|Governorships]]
| seats1           = {{composition bar|4|27|hex={{party color|Workers' Party (Brazil)}}}}
| seats2_title     = [[Municipalities of Brazil|Mayors]]
| seats2           = {{composition bar|252|5570|hex={{party color|Workers' Party (Brazil)}}}}
| seats3_title     = [[Federal Senate (Brazil)|Federal Senate]]
| seats3           = {{composition bar|9|81|hex={{party color|Workers' Party (Brazil)}}}}
| seats4_title     = [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]]
| seats4           = {{composition bar|67|513|hex={{party color|Workers' Party (Brazil)}}}}
| seats5_title     = [[Mercosur Parliament]]
| seats5           = {{composition bar|7|38|hex={{party color|Workers' Party (Brazil)}}}}
| seats6_title     = [[Legislative Assemblies of Brazilian states|State Assemblies]]
| seats6           = {{composition bar|118|1024|hex={{party color|Workers' Party (Brazil)}}}}
| seats7_title     = [[Câmara municipal#Brazil|City Councillors]]
| seats7           = {{composition bar|3130|56810|hex={{party color|Workers' Party (Brazil)}}}}
| flag             = [[File:Bandeira do Partido dos Trabalhadores (2022).svg|180px|border|Flag of the Workers' Party]]
| country          = Brazil
| website          = {{URL|pt.org.br}}
| footnotes        = {{cnote|A|A broad left-wing faction, it includes some {{nowrap|[[Far-left politics|far-left]]<ref name="figeac">{{cite journal |title=Brazilian left-wing activists on Facebook: the role of cultural events in political participation |journal=Brasiliana: Journal for Brazilian Studies |year=2021 |volume=10 |issue=1 |issn=2245-4373 |doi=10.25160/bjbs.v10i1.125719 |author1=Julien Figeac |author2=Nathalie Paton |author3=Angelina Peralva |author4=Arthur Coelho Bezerra |author5=Guillaume Cabanac |author6=Héloïse Prévost |author7=Pierre Ratinaud |author8=Tristan Salord |page=263}}</ref>}} factions.}}
}}
{{Social democracy sidebar}}
{{Progressivism sidebar}}
The '''Workers' Party''' ({{langx|pt|Partido dos Trabalhadores}}, '''PT''') is a [[Centre-left politics|centre-left]]<ref>Gallas, Daniel (29 March 2016). [https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-35922425 "Dilma Rousseff and Brazil face up to decisive month"]. ''[[BBC News]]''. Retrieved 20 July 2017.</ref><ref name="L2">{{cite web | url=https://www.osul.com.br/dilma-e-muito-mais-de-esquerda-do-que-eu-afirma-lula/ | title="Dilma é muito mais de esquerda do que eu", afirma Lula | trans-title="Dilma is much more leftist than me", says Lula | website=Jornal O Sul | language=pt-BR | date=20 January 2016 | access-date=28 October 2022 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191201214018/https://www.osul.com.br/dilma-e-muito-mais-de-esquerda-do-que-eu-afirma-lula/ | archive-date=1 December 2019}}</ref> [[List of political parties in Brazil|political party]] in [[Brazil]] that is currently the country's ruling party. Some scholars classify its ideology in the 21st century as [[social democracy]], with the party shifting from a broadly [[Socialism|socialist]] ideology in the 1990s,<ref name="Samuels 2004" /> although the party retains a [[Left-wing politics|left-wing]]<ref>[https://www.economist.com/the-americas/2018/11/01/the-demise-of-brazils-great-centrist-party The demise of Brazil's great centrist party]. ''[[The Economist]]''. Published 1 November 2018. Retrieved 22 November 2018.</ref><ref>Khan, Shehab (14 November 2018). [https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/jair-bolsonaro-brazil-far-right-president-campaign-funding-irregularities-investigation-a8633596.html Jair Bolsonaro: Brazil's far-right president-elect accused of campaign funding irregularities]. ''[[The Independent]]''. Retrieved 22 November 2018.</ref> and marginal far-left faction to this day.<ref name="figeac"/> Founded in 1980, PT governed at the federal level in a [[coalition government]] with several other parties from 1 January 2003 to 31 August 2016. After the [[2002 Brazilian general election|2002 parliamentary election]], PT became the largest party in the [[Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)|Chamber of Deputies]] and the largest in the [[Brazilian Senate|Federal Senate]] for the first time.<ref>[http://www.jusbrasil.com.br/politica/5986364/pt-elege-maior-bancada-na-camara-e-a-segunda-do-senado "PT elege maior bancada na Câmara e a segunda do Senado"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721023250/http://www.jusbrasil.com.br/politica/5986364/pt-elege-maior-bancada-na-camara-e-a-segunda-do-senado |date=July 21, 2011 }}. [PT elects the largest group in the Chamber and the second in the Senate]. ''JusBrasil'' {{in lang|pt-br}}. 5 October 2010.</ref> With the highest approval rating in the history of the country at one time, President [[Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva]] was PT's most prominent member.<ref>Rabello, Maria Luiza. [http://www.businessweek.com/news/2010-02-01/lula-s-chosen-heir-surges-in-brazil-presidential-poll-update2-.html "Lula's Chosen Heir Surges in Brazil Presidential Poll"]{{dead link|date=April 2023|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}. ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek|Business Week]]''. 1 February 2010.</ref> [[Dilma Rousseff]], also a member of PT, was elected twice (first on 31 October 2010, and then again on 26 October 2014) but did not finish her second term due to [[Impeachment of Dilma Rousseff|her impeachment in 2016]]. The party came back to power with Lula's victory in the [[2022 Brazilian general election|2022 presidential election]].

Both born among the opposition to the [[1964 Brazilian coup d'état|1964 ''coup d'état'']] and the subsequent [[Military dictatorship in Brazil|military dictatorship]], PT and the [[Brazilian Social Democracy Party]] (PSDB) were the biggest adversaries in contemporary [[Politics of Brazil|Brazilian politics]] from 1994 to 2014, with their candidates finishing either first or second on the ballot in each presidential election in that period. The Worker's Party won five presidential elections since the [[History of Brazil (1985–present)|country reinstated democracy]], and came in second in every other election held in that time.

The party has been involved in a [[List of scandals in Brazil|number of corruption scandals]] since Lula first came to power and saw its popular support plummet between 2015 and 2020, with presidential approval ratings falling from over 80% to 9%<ref>[https://veja.abril.com.br/revista-veja/as-cinco-piores-taxas-de-popularidade-dos-presidentes-do-brasil/ "As cinco piores taxas de popularidade dos presidentes do Brasil"]. [The five worst popularity ratings of Brazilian presidents]. ''[[Veja (magazine)|Veja]]'' {{in lang|pt-br}}. 27 July 2017.</ref> and successive reductions in all elected offices since 2014.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Saiba como eram e como ficaram as bancadas na Câmara dos Deputados, partido a partido |trans-title=Find out how the benches in the Chamber of Deputies were and how they were, party by party |url=https://g1.globo.com/politica/eleicoes/2018/eleicao-em-numeros/noticia/2018/10/08/pt-perde-deputados-mas-ainda-tem-maior-bancada-da-camara-psl-de-bolsonaro-ganha-52-representantes.ghtml |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=[[G1 (website)|G1]] |date=October 8, 2018 |language=pt-br}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2020-11-30 |title=PT "desaparece" das capitais, MDB lidera prefeituras e DEM é o que mais cresce; veja destaques |trans-title=PT "disappears" from the capitals, MDB leads city halls and DEM is the fastest growing; see highlights |url=https://www.infomoney.com.br/politica/pt-desaparece-das-capitais-mdb-lidera-prefeituras-e-dem-e-o-que-mais-cresce-veja-destaques/ |access-date=2022-08-08 |website=InfoMoney |language=pt-br}}</ref> The [[2022 Brazilian general election|2022 general election]] marked a turning point in that trajectory.

The party symbols are a five-pointed [[red star]] inscribed with the initials "PT" in the center; a [[Red flag (politics)|red flag]] with a white star also with the initials in the center; and the Workers Party's anthem.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6V3BIwA7rO8| archive-url=https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211117/6V3BIwA7rO8| archive-date=2021-11-17 | url-status=live|title=Hino do PT - Workers' Party of Brazil|last=LuizPuodzius|date=18 September 2011|access-date=22 November 2016|via=YouTube}}{{cbignore}}</ref> Its [[Superior Electoral Court]] (TSE) identification number is 13. Members and sympathisers of the party are known as "Petistas".