Editing Xenocrates (section)

{{Short description|4th-century BC Greek philosopher, mathematician and scholarch}}
{{distinguish|text=[[Xenophanes]] or [[Xenophon]]. For other people named Xenocrates, see [[Xenocrates (disambiguation)]]}}
{{Multiple issues|
{{Primary sources|date=July 2022}}
{{Cleanup rewrite|date=January 2023}}
}}
{{Infobox philosopher
| region           = [[Western philosophy]]
| era              = [[Ancient philosophy]]
| image       = Xenocrates.jpg
| image_size       = 200px
| caption     = Xenocrates
| name             = Xenocrates
| birth_date        = 396/5 BC
| birth_place       = [[Chalcedon]]
| death_date        = 314/3 BC
| death_place       = [[Athens]]
| school_tradition = [[Platonism]]
| main_interests   = [[Logic]], [[Physics]], [[Metaphysics]], [[Epistemology]], [[Mathematics]], [[Ethics]]
| notable_ideas    = Developed the philosophy of [[Plato]]
| signature        = 
}}
'''Xenocrates''' ({{IPAc-en|z|ə|ˈ|n|ɒ|k|r|ə|ˌ|t|iː|z}}; {{langx|el|Ξενοκράτης}}; c. 396/5{{snd}}314/3 BC{{sfn|Dorandi|1999|p=48}}) of [[Chalcedon]] was a [[Ancient Greek philosophy|Greek philosopher]], [[Greek Mathematics|mathematician]], and leader ([[scholarch]]) of the [[Platonic Academy]] from 339/8 to 314/3 BC. His teachings followed those of [[Plato]], which he attempted to define more closely, often with mathematical elements.  He distinguished three forms of being: the sensible, the intelligible, and a third compounded of the two, to which correspond respectively, [[sense]], [[intellect]] and [[opinion]]. He considered unity and duality to be [[gods]] which rule the [[universe]], and the soul a self-moving [[number]]. [[God]] pervades all things, and there are [[Daemon (mythology)|daemonical]] powers, intermediate between the [[Divinity|divine]] and the [[Human|mortal]], which consist in conditions of the soul. He held that [[mathematical]] objects and the [[Theory of Forms|Platonic Ideas]] are identical, unlike Plato who distinguished them. In [[ethics]], he taught that [[virtue]] produces [[happiness]], but external goods can minister to it and enable it to effect its purpose.