Editing Xylem (section)

{{Short description|Water transport tissue in vascular plants}}
{{For|the company|Xylem Inc.}}
[[File:Xylem and phloem diagram.svg|thumb|323x323px|Xylem (blue) transports water and minerals from the roots upwards.|alt=]]

'''Xylem''' is one of the two types of transport [[tissue (biology)|tissue]] in [[vascular plant]]s, the other being [[phloem]]; both of these are part of the [[vascular bundle]]. The basic function of the xylem is to transport [[water]] upward from the roots to parts of the plants such as stems and leaves, but it also transports [[plant nutrition|nutrients]].<ref>{{cite web|last1=Purcell|first1=Adam|title=Xylem and phloem|url=https://www.basicbiology.net/plants/physiology/xylem-phloem/|website=Basic Biology|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160504195130/https://www.basicbiology.net/plants/physiology/xylem-phloem/|archive-date=2016-05-04}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Handbook of Plant Science |volume=1 |editor=Keith Roberts |edition=Illustrated |publisher=[[Wiley (publisher)|John Wiley & Sons]] |year=2007 |isbn= 9780470057230 |page=185}}</ref> The word ''xylem'' is derived from the [[Ancient Greek]] word {{wikt-lang|grc|ξύλον}} ({{grc-transl|ξύλον}}), meaning "[[wood]]"; the best-known wood organism is plants, though it is found throughout a plant.<ref>{{cite book |title= Providing for Energy: Report of the Twentieth Century Fund Task Force on United States Energy Policy |url= https://archive.org/details/providingforener00twen |url-access= registration |author= Richard B. Mancke |edition= illustrated |publisher= Tata McGraw-Hill Education |year= 1977 |isbn= 9780070656178 |page= [https://archive.org/details/providingforener00twen/page/42 42]}}</ref> The term was introduced by [[Carl Nägeli]] in 1858.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Nägeli |first1=Carl |title=Das Wachstum des Stammes und der Wurzel bei den Gefäßpflanzen und die Anordnung der Gefäßstränge im Stengel |journal=Beiträge zur Wissenschaftlichen Botanik (Contributions to Scientific Botany) |date=1858 |volume=1 |pages=1–156 |url=https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91249#page/5/mode/1up |trans-title=The growth of the stem and of the root among vascular plants and the arrangement of the vascular strands in the stalk |language=de}}  From p. 9:  ''"Ich will die beiden welche von dem Cambium nach aussen und nach innen gebildet werden, Phloëm und Xylem nennen."'' (I will call the two parts of the permanent tissue, which are formed by the cambium outwardly and inwardly, "phloëm" and "xylem".)</ref><ref>{{Cite book | doi=10.1007/978-3-642-73635-3_10|chapter = Phloem|title = Ontogeny, Cell Differentiation, and Structure of Vascular Plants| pages=287–368|year = 1989|last1 = Buvat|first1 = Roger| isbn=978-3-642-73637-7}}</ref>