Editing Yellow (section)

{{Short description|Color between orange and green on the visible spectrum of light}}
{{About|the color}}
{{Technical reasons|Yellow #5|that title|Yellow No. 5 (disambiguation){{!}}Yellow No. 5}}
{{pp-semi-indef}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2021}}
{{Use American English|date=March 2023}}
{{Infobox color
|title      = Yellow
|image      = {{photomontage
  |photo1a      = Aspen-PopulusTremuloides-2001-09-27.jpg
  |photo1b      = Ochre quarry, Roussillon, France (465185258).jpg
  |photo1c      = 20130304FeteDuCitronMenton 010.jpg
  |photo2a      = Bradley Wiggins, 2012 Tour de France finish.jpg
  |photo2b      = A Seated Portrait of Ming Emperor Taizu.jpg
  |photo2c      = Basil Soda Yellow Dress - Paris Haute Couture Spring-Summer 2012.jpg
  |photo3a      = Cornwall Daffodils.jpg
  |size         = 243
  |color_border = #009001
  |color        = #000000
  |foot_montage =
}}
|caption    = Clockwise, from top left: [[aspen]] tree; [[ochre]] quarry in [[France]]; [[citron]]s; dress model on a catwalk; [[daffodil]] field in [[Cornwall]]; [[Bradley Wiggins]] biking at [[Tour de France]]; portrait of [[Hongwu Emperor|Emperor Taizu]] 
|wavelength = 575–585<ref>{{cite journal |url=http://physics.info/color/ |title=Color |journal=The Physics Hypertextbook |year=2021 |last1=Elert |first1=Glenn |access-date=18 December 2016 |archive-date=19 August 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160819205826/http://physics.info/color/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
|frequency  = 521–512
|hex        = FFFF00
|spelling   = Color
|source     = [[HTML color names|HTML/CSS]]<ref name="css3-color">{{cite web|url=http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4|title=CSS Color Module Level 3|date=19 June 2018|access-date=4 April 2007|archive-date=29 November 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171129235005/http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#html4|url-status=live}}</ref>
|cmyk=(0, 0, 100, 0)}}

<!-- 1st para – definition, place in science and nature-->
'''Yellow''' is the [[color]] between [[green]] and [[Orange (colour)|orange]] on the [[Visible spectrum|spectrum of light]]. It is evoked by light with a [[dominant wavelength]] of roughly 575{{ndash}}585 [[Nanometre|nm]]. It is a [[primary color]] in [[subtractive color]] systems, used in painting or color printing. In the [[RGB color model]], used to create colors on television and computer screens, yellow is a [[secondary color]] made by combining red and green at equal intensity. [[Carotenoid]]s give the characteristic yellow color to [[Autumn leaf color|autumn leaves]], [[maize|corn]], [[Domestic canary|canaries]], [[daffodil]]s, and lemons, as well as [[egg yolk]]s, [[buttercup]]s, and bananas. They absorb light energy and protect plants from photo damage in some cases.<ref name="fasebj.org">{{cite journal | last1 = Armstrong | first1 = G.A. | last2 = Hearst | first2 = J.E. | title = Carotenoids 2: Genetics and molecular biology of carotenoid pigment biosynthesis | journal = FASEB J. | volume = 10 | issue = 2 | pages = 228–37 | year = 1996 | pmid = 8641556 | doi = 10.1096/fasebj.10.2.8641556 | doi-access = free | s2cid = 22385652 | url = http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8641556 | access-date = 22 November 2012 | archive-date = 14 July 2020 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200714155221/http://www.fasebj.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8641556 | url-status = live  |issn=0892-6638}}</ref> [[Sunlight]] has a slight yellowish hue when the Sun is near the horizon, due to [[atmospheric scattering]] of shorter wavelengths (green, blue, and violet).

<!-- 2nd para – In history and culture-->
Because it was widely available, [[yellow ochre]] pigment was one of the first colors used in art; the [[Lascaux]] cave in France has a painting of a yellow horse 17,000 years old.  Ochre and [[orpiment]] pigments were used to represent gold and skin color in Egyptian tombs, then in the murals in Roman villas.<ref name="webexhibits.org">{{cite web |title=Antiquity |url=http://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/intro/antiquity.html%7cWebexhibits |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203213029/https://www.webexhibits.org/pigments/intro/antiquity.html%7CWebexhibits |archive-date=Feb 3, 2023 |website=Pigments through the Ages}}</ref> In the early Christian church, yellow was the color associated with the Pope and the golden keys of the Kingdom, but it was also associated with [[Judas Iscariot]] and used to mark heretics. In the 20th century, Jews in [[Nazi-occupied Europe]] were forced to wear a [[yellow badge|yellow star]]. In China, bright yellow was the color of the Middle Kingdom, and could be worn only by the emperor and his household; special guests were welcomed on a yellow carpet.<ref name="Eva Heller 2000 p. 82">Cited in Eva Heller (2000), ''Psychologie de la couleur – effets et symboliques'', p. 82.</ref>

<!-- 3rd para – symbolism and common associations-->
According to surveys in Europe, Canada, the United States and elsewhere, yellow is the color people most often associate with amusement, gentleness, humor, happiness, and spontaneity; however it can also be associated with duplicity, envy, jealousy, greed, justice, and, in the U.S., cowardice.<ref>Eva Heller (2000), ''Psychologie de la couleur – effets et symboliques'', pp. 69–86.</ref> [[Chaharshanbe Suri|In Iran]] it has connotations of pallor/sickness,<ref>{{cite web |last=Price |first=Massoume |date=December 2001 |title=Culture of Iran: Festival of Fire |url=http://www.iranchamber.com/culture/articles/festival_of_fire.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230203213021/https://www.iranchamber.com/culture/articles/festival_of_fire.php |archive-date=Feb 3, 2023 |website=Iran Chamber Society}}</ref> but also wisdom and connection.<ref>{{cite web |last=Amjadi |first=Maryam Ala |date=2012 |title=Shades of doubt and shapes of hope: Colors in Iranian culture |url=http://www.payvand.com/news/12/mar/1051.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221221225744/http://www.payvand.com/news/12/mar/1051.html |archive-date=Dec 21, 2022 |website=Payvand}}</ref> In China and many Asian countries, it is seen as the color of royalty, nobility, respect, happiness, glory, harmony and wisdom.<ref>Eva Heller (2000), ''Psychologie de la couleur – effets et symboliques'', pp. 69–86</ref>