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== Events == <onlyinclude> === By place === ==== Europe ==== * Spring – A German expeditionary force, led by King [[Lothair III, Holy Roman Emperor|Lothair III]], marches into northern [[Kingdom of Italy (Holy Roman Empire)|Italy]], and arrives at [[Rome]], after a 6-month journey across the [[Alps]]. Accompanied by [[Bernard of Clairvaux]], French [[abbot]] and [[Doctor of the Church]], Lothair is crowned by Pope [[pope Innocent II|Innocent II]] as [[Holy Roman Emperor]] at the Church of the [[Lateran Palace|Lateran]], on [[June 4]]. He receives as papal fiefs the vast estates of [[Matilda of Tuscany|Matilda]], former margravine of [[Tuscany]], which he secures for his daughter [[Gertrude of Süpplingenburg]] and her husband, Duke [[Henry X, Duke of Bavaria|Henry X]] ('''the Proud''') of [[Duchy of Bavaria|Bavaria]]. * [[July 17]] – [[Battle of Fraga]]: The [[Kingdom of Castille|Castellan]] troops led by King [[Alfonso the Battler|Alfonso I]] ('''the Battler''') defeat the [[Almoravid dynasty|Almoravid]] army, thanks to a timely intervention of a [[Normans|Norman]] Crusader army from [[Tarragona]], led by [[Robert d'Aguiló|Robert Bordet]].{{sfn|McGrank|1981}} * [[Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Barcelona|Ramon Berenguer IV]], count of [[County of Barcelona|Barcelona]], launches a raid against Almoravid-held territories in [[Al-Andalus]] (modern [[Spain]]), and pillages the country all the way to [[Cadiz]].{{sfn|Meynier|2010}} === By topic === ==== Religion ==== * The first convent on [[Iceland]], the [[Þingeyraklaustur]], is inaugurated at a monastery of the [[Benedictines|Order of Saint Benedict]] (located in [[Þingeyrar]]). * Antipope [[Antipope Anacletus II|Anacletus II]] forces Innocent II out of Rome following the departure of Lothair III. Innocent flees and takes a ship to [[Republic of Pisa|Pisa]]. * [[Geoffrey of Monmouth]], an English cleric, writes the chronicle ''[[Historia Regum Britanniae]]''. * [[Rijnsburg Abbey]] is founded by [[Petronilla of Lorraine]], countess and [[regent]] of [[County of Holland|Holland]]. * Construction of the [[chapter house]] at [[Durham Cathedral]] which is completed in [[1140]]. </onlyinclude>
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