Editing 1313 (section)

== Events ==
===January &ndash; March===
* [[January 8]] &ndash; King [[Robert the Bruce]] of Scotland recaptures [[Perth Castle]] from the English, then orders the walls and the building to be destroyed in order to prevent it from ever being used by the English again as a garrison.
* [[February 3]] &ndash; [[William Sinclair (bishop)|William de Sancto Claro]], the [[Bishop of Dunkeld]] and commonly known as William Sinclair, is issued a safe conduct pass by England's King Edward II in order to return to [[Scotland]] from Rome.
* [[February 7]] &ndash; (12th waxing of Tabaung, 674 ME) In what is now the Mandalay Region of central [[Myanmar]] in Asia, Burmese King [[Thihathu]] proclaims the [[Pinya Kingdom]], to  separate the area from the Myinsaing Kingdom.<ref>''Hmannan Yazawin'', Volume 1 (2003), p. 370</ref> Thihathu appoints his son, [[Kyawswa I of Pinya]], to replace him as the Viceroy of Pinle in Myinsaing.
* [[March 28]] &ndash; [[Francesco da Barberino]] of [[Tuscany]] receives a doctorate of both civil law and canonical law, by a bull issued by [[Pope Clement V]].

===April &ndash; June===
* [[April 20]] &ndash; The [[Duchy of Masovia]] in Poland is divided among the three sons of [[Bolesław II of Masovia|Boleslaw II]] upon his death, with [[Siemowit II of Masovia|Siemowit II]] creating the [[Duchy of Rawa]] (with a capital at [[Rawa Mazowiecka]]), [[Trojden I, Duke of Masovia|Trojden]] receiving [[Czersk]] and [[Wenceslaus of Płock|Wenceslaus]] receiving [[Płock]].
* [[April 22]] &ndash; On the first Sunday after [[Easter]], the French ship ''Ste Marie'' is shipwrecked on England's [[Isle of Wight]] at [[Chale Bay]]. Residents nearby loot the ship of its cargo, casks of wine belonging to Regimus de Depe of Aquitaine.<ref>[https://www.heritagegateway.org.uk/Gateway/Results_Single.aspx?uid=1119117&resourceID=19191 "Blessed Mary"], ''Historic England Research Records'', HeritageGateway.org</ref> As an act of [[penance]], the Lord of Chale, Walder de Godeton, builds the [[St Catherine's Oratory]].
* [[May 5]] &ndash; Seventeen years after his death in prison in [[Ferentino]], the later [[Pope Celestine V]] is canonized as a Roman Catholic saint.<ref>Ronald C. Finucane, ''Contested Canonizations: The Last Medieval Saints, 1482–1523'' (Catholic University of America Press, 2011) p.19</ref>
* [[May 6]] &ndash; In India, [[Veera Ballala IV|Veera Virupaksha Ballala]], son and heir of Emperor [[Veera Ballala III]] of the [[Hoysala Empire]], returns to the capital, [[Halebidu]] (now a ruins in the state of [[Karnataka]]), after two years as a hostage. Emperor Ballala III had agreed to leave his son behind at [[Delhi]] for two years as part of his surrender to the Delhi Sultan [[Alauddin Khalji]].<ref>Kishori Saran Lal, ''History of the Khaljis (1290–1320)'' (The Indian Press, 1950) p.214</ref>
* [[May 14]] &ndash; In Poland, [[Bolko II of Opole]] and his brother [[Albert of Strzelce]] become the new rulers of [[Opole]] and Upper Silesia upon the death of their father, [[Bolko I of Opole|Bolko I]]. 
* [[May 17]] &ndash; [[Robert the Bruce]], King of Scotland, leads an invasion of the [[Isle of Man]], landing at [[Ramsey, Isle of Man|Ramsey]] with a multitude of ships and captures it within five days. The only resistance is presented by the lord of [[Castle Rushen]], and King Robert concentrates his efforts on a siege of the castle starting on May 22. 
* [[May 28]] &ndash; [[Thomas Cobham]], [[Archdeacon of Lewes]], is elected by his peers to be the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]] in [[England]], but King Edward II intervenes and asks Pope Clement V to cancel the result. The Pope installs [[Walter Reynolds]] as the new archbishop on October 1.<ref>E. B. Fryde, et al. ''Handbook of British Chronology'' (Cambridge University Press, 1996) p. 233</ref>
* [[June 12]] &ndash; [[Castle Rushen]], on the [[Isle of Man]], surrenders to Scotland's King Robert the Bruce after a siege of three weeks.<ref>Michael Brown, ''Bannockburn: The Scottish Wars and the British Isles, 1307–1323'' (Edinburgh University Press, 2008) p.46</ref>
* [[June 13]] &ndash; Pope [[Pope Clement V|Clement V]] declares Naples to be under papal protection. He names [[Robert of Naples|King Robert the Wise of Naples]], "Senator of [[Rome]]".<ref>Fleck, Cathleen A. (2016). ''The Clement Bible at the Medieval Courts of Naples and Avignon'', p. 129. Routledge.</ref> 
* [[June 21]] &ndash; In Germany, peace is made between [[Rudolf I, Duke of Bavaria]], and his younger brother, [[Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Louis the Bavarian]], with Rudolf having control of the Electoral Palatinate, in return for supporting the election of Louis as the next Holy Roman Emperor.
* [[June 24]] &ndash; From the English garrison at [[Stirling Castle]] in Scottish territory, Sir [[Philip Mowbray]] proposes a truce with [[Edward Bruce]], brother of King Robert the Bruce of Scotland, after a siege of "many months".<ref>Stewart Dick, ''The Pageant of the Forth'' (A. C. McClurg & Company, 1911) p.107</ref> Edward Bruce agrees to what Scottish historian [[Patrick Fraser Tytler]] will describe five centuries later as "a truce involving conditions which ought on no account to have been accepted." As Tytler notes, the effect "was to check the ardour of the Scots in that career of success, which was now rapidly leading to the complete deliverance of their country; it gave the King of England a whole year to assemble the strength of his dominions... We need not wonder, then, that Bruce was highly incensed, on hearing that, without consulting him, his brother had agreed to Mowbray's proposals."<ref>Patrick Fraser Tytler, ''History of Scotland'' (William Tait, 1845) p. 270</ref><ref>Fawcett, Richard (1995). ''Stirling Castle'', p. 23. B. T. Batsford/Historic Scotland. {{ISBN|0-7134-7623-0}}.</ref>

===July &ndash; September===
* [[July 29]] &ndash; In a complicated marital pact, [[Catherine of Valois–Courtenay]], the [[Latin Empire|Latin Empress of Constantinople]], breaks her engagement to [[Hugh V, Duke of Burgundy]], styled the [[King of Thessalonica]] in order to marry [[Philip I, Prince of Taranto]], styled the King of Albania and Lord of Achaea. In exchange for Hugh's forbearance, Catherine cedes her lands to Hugh's sister, [[Joan the Lame of Burgundy|Joan the Lame]], wife of Catherine's half-brother [[Philip VI of France|Philip of Valois]], and Hugh becomes engaged to [[Joan III, Countess of Burgundy|Joan of France]]. On the same day as Philip's marriage to Catherine, former fiancée of Hugh, Hugh's brother [[Louis of Burgundy]] marries [[Matilda of Hainaut]] (who had broken off her engagement to Philip of Taranto's son [[Charles of Taranto]]) and Philip of Taranto cedes the [[Principality of Achaea]] to Hugh and Matilda.<ref>"The Morea, 1311–1364", by Peter Topping, in ''A History of the Crusades, Volume III: The Fourteenth and Fifteenth Centuries'', ed. by Kenneth M. Setton and Harry W. Hazard (University of Wisconsin Press, 1975) pp.104–140.</ref>
* [[August 8]] &ndash; Emperor [[Henry VII, Holy Roman Emperor|Henry VII]] begins a campaign against [[Robert, King of Naples|King Robert of Naples]] ("Robert the Wise"). Henry's allies are loath to join him and his 15,000-man army, supported by 4,000 knights, while the imperial fleet is prepared to attack King Robert's realm directly. 
* [[August 9]] &ndash; In the town of [[Horsens]] in [[Kingdom of Denmark|Denmark]], [[Eric II, Duke of Schleswig|Eric of Jutland]] reaches a settlement with [[Eric VI of Denmark|King Eric VI Menved]] and receives the [[Duchy of Schleswig]] in return for renouncing all claims to [[Langeland]].  
* [[August 24]] &ndash; A week after contracting [[malaria]] during the siege of the Tuscan city of [[Siena]], the Holy Roman Emperor Henry VII dies of [[malaria]] at [[Buonconvento]]. His 17-year-old son, [[John of Bohemia]], will  succeed him and will become one of the seven [[prince-elector]]s of the [[Holy Roman Empire]].<ref>Jones, Michael (2000). ''The New Cambridge Medieval History, Volume VI: c. 1300–1415'', p. 536. Cambridge University Press.</ref> Upon learning of the Henry's death, [[Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Louis, Duke of Bavaria]] goes to war against his cousin, [[Frederick the Fair]], Duke of Austria and Styria, as both compete to be elected the new Emperor, a competition which will eventually be resolved in favour of Louis.
* [[September 23]] &ndash; The [[English Parliament]] is called into session for the fourth time in less than 12 months, after three unsuccessful attempts to assemble members. King Edward II persuades the session to pass a tax bill for revenues to be collected by the following June in order to finance a new campaign against Scotland.

===October &ndash; December===
* [[October 21]] &ndash; [[Robert the Bruce]], [[King of Scotland]] delivers an ultimatum at a meeting of the Scottish nobles at an assembly in [[Dundee]], giving Scots who have not yet come into his peace agreement a year to swear fealty to him or lose all their estates.<ref>''Regesta Regum Scottorum: The Acts of Robert I, King of Scots, 1306-1329'', ed. by Archibald A. M. Duncan (Edinburgh University Press, 1988) p.113</ref><ref>John Barbour, ''The Bruce'' (Canongate Books, 2010) p.376</ref> The Scottish nobles of [[Lothian]] appeal to Edward II for protection, who promises to bring an English expeditionary force by midsummer in 1314.<ref>Armstrong, Pete (2002). Osprey: ''Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory'', p. 35. {{ISBN|1-85532-609-4}}</ref>
* [[November 9]] &ndash; [[Battle of Gammelsdorf]]: German forces led by [[Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor|Louis IV the Bavarian"]] defeat his cousin [[Frederick the Fair]], at [[Gammelsdorf]], who is supported by [[Leopold I, Duke of Austria|Leopold I the Glorious]], Duke of Austria. During the battle, Louis' smaller force does not pursue Frederick's defeated army. He is forced to renounce his tutelage over the young dukes of [[Lower Bavaria]] ([[Henry XIV, Duke of Bavaria|Henry XIV]], [[Otto IV, Duke of Lower Bavaria|Otto IV]] and [[Henry XV, Duke of Bavaria|Henry XV]]). The conflict causes a stir within the Holy Roman Empire.<ref>Rogers, Clifford J. (2010). ''The Oxford Encyclopedia of Medieval Warfare and Military Technology, Volume 1'', p. 190. Oxford: Oxford University Press. {{ISBN|9780195334036}}.</ref>
* [[November 18]] &ndash; Queen [[Constance of Portugal]], mother of the 2-year-old King [[Alfonso XI of Castile|Alfonso XI]] dies. Alfonso's grandmother Queen dowager [[María de Molina]], his uncle [[Peter of Castile, Lord of Cameros|Peter of Castile]], and his great-uncle [[John of Castile, Lord of Valencia de Campos|John of Castile]] divide the regency over the young Alfonso. While Maria takes charge of his education, the infantes, especially Peter, assume the duty of defending [[Kingdom of Castile|Castile]].<ref>Joseph F. Callaghan (2011). ''The Gibraltar Crusade: Castile and the Battle for the Strait'', p. 137. University of Pennsylvania Press. {{ISBN|978-0-8122-2302-6}}.</ref>
* [[December 26]] &ndash; Three days after receiving authorization from the English Parliament for a feudal levy, King Edward II issues a summons for eight earls and 87 barons to muster their troops at [[Berwick-upon-Tweed]] by June 10 for an invasion of Scotland.<ref>Michael Penman, ''Robert the Bruce: King of the Scots'' (Yale University Press, 2014) p.137</ref>

=== By place ===

==== Asia ====
* [[Tran Anh Tong]], emperor of [[Annam (French protectorate)|Annam]] (Northern [[Vietnam]]), occupies [[Champa]] (Southern Vietnam) and establishes the Cham royal dynasty as puppet rulers.<ref>Hywel Williams (2005). ''Cassell's Chronology of World History'', p. 156. {{ISBN|0-304-35730-8}}.</ref>

=== By topic ===

==== Literature ====
* [[Wang Zhen (inventor)|Wang Zhen]], Chinese agronomist, government official and inventor of wooden-based [[movable type]] printing, publishes the ''Nong Shu'' ("Book of Agriculture").<ref>Needham, Joseph (1986). ''Science and Civilization in China: Volume 6, Part 2'', p. 59. Taipei: Caves Books, Ltd.</ref>

==== Religion ====
* King [[Stefan Milutin]], one of the most powerful rulers of [[Kingdom of Serbia (medieval)|Serbia]], founds the [[Banjska Monastery]] (approximate date).<ref>Tomašević, Nebojša (1983). ''Treasures of Yugoslavia: An Encyclopedic Touring Guide'', p. 449. Yugoslaviapublic.</ref>