Editing 1401 (section)

== Events ==
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=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 6]] &ndash; [[Rupert, King of Germany]], is crowned [[King of the Romans]] at [[Cologne]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Drees |first1=Clayton J. |title=The Late Medieval Age of Crisis and Renewal, 1300-1500: A Biographical Dictionary |date=2001 |publisher=Greenwood Publishing Group |isbn=9780313305887 |page=428 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8jDfydG6ReAC&pg=PA428|language=en}}</ref>
* [[January 12]] &ndash; Emperor [[Hồ Quý Ly]] of [[Hồ dynasty|Dai Ngu]] (now [[Vietnam]]) passes the throne to his son, [[Hồ Hán Thương]].<ref>Complete Annals of Dai Viet, Social Sciences Publishing House, Hanoi, 1998, volume 2, page 195</ref>
* [[January 16]] &ndash; After their disastrous defeat on December 25 in the Battle of Dongchang in the [[Jingnan campaign]], the forces of the [[Prince of Yan|Principality of Yan]] within China return to [[Names of Beijing|Beiping]] (located at the site of present-day [[Beijing]]).<ref name=Taizong>''[[Ming Shilu|Taizong Shilu]]'', Volume 7</ref>
* [[January 20]] &ndash; The Parliament of England is opened at Westminster by King Henry IV. 
* [[February 3]] &ndash; The Byzantine Emperor [[Manuel II Palaiologos]], who has spent almost two months in England as the guest of King Henry IV, accepts a payment of 3,000 English gold marks in support of an alliance between the two nations, then makes plans to depart England for France.<ref>Kenneth M. Setton, ''The Papacy and the Levant (1204-1571), Volume I: The Thirteenth and Fourteenth Centuries'' (The American Philosophical Society,  1976) p.374</ref>
* [[February 16]] &ndash;
**[[Jingnan campaign]]: After a month's recovery from defeat in battle in China, Prince [[Zhu Di]] mobilizes his troops at Beijing and marches south to fight the Ming dynasty [[Jianwen Emperor]].<ref name=Taizong/>
**John Barry is appointed as the new [[Attorney-General for Ireland]].
* [[March 2]] &ndash; [[William Sawtrey]], a Roman Catholic priest and adherent to the [[Lollard]] faith becomes the first person in England to be burned at the stake under the new ''[[De heretico comburendo]]'' law (officially the Suppression of Heresy Act 1400), dying at [[Smithfield, London]] after being convicted of heresy against the Roman Catholic faith.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Breverton |first1=Terry |title=Owain Glyndwr: The Story of the Last Prince of Wales |date=2009 |publisher=Amberley Publishing Limited |isbn=9781445608761 |page=82 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=8XGoAwAAQBAJ&pg=PP82|language=en}}</ref>
* [[March 10]] &ndash; As the English Parliament session closes, King Henry IV gives [[royal assent]] to the Suppression of Heresy Act, permitting secular authorities to carry out punishment for religious crimes. The assent comes after the [[Archbishop of Canterbury]] pressures King Henry to outlaw the [[Lollards]], followers of [[John Wycliffe]], and criminalizes possession of a copy of Wycliffe's translation of the [[Bible]].
* [[March 13]] &ndash; The Samogitians, supported by Grand Duke [[Vytautas]] of [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania|Lithuania]], rebel against the Teutonic knights and burn two castles. Vytautas is granted increased autonomy by King [[Jogaila]] of the [[Kingdom of Poland (1385–1569)|Poland]]–[[Lithuania]] union.
* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Turko-Mongol]] emperor [[Timur]] [[Siege of Damascus (1400)|sacks Damascus]].<ref>{{cite book |title= Ibn Khaldūn and Tamerlane: Their Historic Meeting in Damascus, 1401 A.d. (803 A. H.) A Study Based on Arabic Manuscripts of Ibn Khaldūn's "Autobiography," | last=Ibn Khaldun | author-link=Ibn Khaldun |translator=Walter Joseph Fischel |publisher= University of California Press |year=1952 |page=97}}</ref>
* [[March 22]] &ndash; [[Jingnan campaign]]: Prince [[Zhu Di]] of Yan leads his troops across the Jia River into the Heibei province.<ref>''Mingjian Gangmu'', Volume 2: 棣將輕騎來覘，掠陣過，庸遣千騎追之</ref> The Ming dynasty [[Jianwen Emperor]] directs that Zhu Di is not to be killed.<ref name=Taizong/>

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 1]] &ndash; [[Conwy Castle]] in English-ruled North Wales, is captured on [[Good Friday]] by trickery by two Welsh brothers, [[Rhys ap Tudur]] and Gwilym ap Tudur of the Island of [[Anglesey]], in support of the anti-English rebellion led by [[Owain Glyndŵr]]. 
* [[April 28]] &ndash; [[Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor|King Zsigmond of Hungary]] refuses to comply with demands of the Archbishop John Kanizsai and the Palatine Derek Bebek, he is taken prisoner. Sigismund remains captive until October 29.
* [[May 6]] &ndash; The council of the [[Republic of Venice]] passes a law prohibiting the Republic's executive, the [[Doge of Venice|Doge]], from using the state owned official ship, the [[bucentaur]], from being used for private purposes.<ref>{{citation |title=La storia del Bucintoro &#91;The History of the Bucentaur&#93; |url=http://www.fondazionebucintoro.org/storia_bucintoro.html |publisher=Fondazione Bucintoro |access-date=2008-02-29 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080620041622/http://www.fondazionebucintoro.org/storia_bucintoro.html |archive-date=20 June 2008 |df=dmy-all }} (Italian).</ref>  
* [[May 25]] &ndash; [[Maria, Queen of Sicily]] since [[1377]] since succeeding her father, [[Frederick the Simple|King Frederick the Simple]], dies after a reign of almost 34 years.
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Laurence Allerthorp]] becomes the new [[Lord High Treasurer]] of England, succeeding Sir [[John Norbury]].
* [[June 15]] &ndash; [[Jingnan campaign]]: The rebel Yan forces destroy the food supplies of the Ming Chinese government at Dezhou.<ref name=Taizong/>
* [[June 24]] &ndash; (13th day of 5th month [[Ōei]] 8) The shogun [[Ashikaga Yoshimitsu]] dispatches a mission to [[Ming dynasty|Ming Dynasty China]] as the first step of opening trade between the two nations. 
* [[June 25]] &ndash; The [[Schaffhausen massacre]] of 30 Jewish residents, by burning, of the town of [[Schaffhausen]] takes place in Switzerland after the April 3 murder of 4-year-old Konrad Lori.<ref>{{cite web |title=Gedenktafel an die Ermordung der Juden im Mittelalter in Schaffhausen |url=https://www.stadt-schaffhausen.ch/index.php?id=316&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=2414&cHash=663ac01f57bf2d5032864016089f7baf |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230418151911/https://www.stadt-schaffhausen.ch/index.php?id=316&tx_ttnews%5Btt_news%5D=2414&cHash=663ac01f57bf2d5032864016089f7baf|archive-date=18 April 2023|website=www.stadt-schaffhausen.ch |language=de |date=4 September 2018}}</ref>
* [[June]] &ndash; The [[English Pale]] in Ireland is reduced to [[Dublin]], [[County Kildare]], [[County Louth]], and [[County Meath]].

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 9]] &ndash; (27 [[Dhu al-Qadah]] 803 [[Islamic calendar|A.H.]]) [[Timur]] raids the city of [[Baghdad]], in the [[Jalayirid]] Empire, then carries out a massacre of its inhabitants, including women and children, as punishment for resisting his rule. According to accounts later, "90,000 human heads were piled up on the public places of the town."<ref>"Timur, Sultan", in ''Biography or Third Division of The English Cyclopedia'', Volume 6, ed. by Charles Knight (Bradbury, Evans & Company, 1868) p.77</ref> The only persons spared death are "theologians, shaikhs and dervishes", and the only buildings not demolished are "mosques, universities and hostels."<ref>"Timur in Iran", by H. R. Roemer, in ''The Cambridge History of Iran'', Volume 6, ed. by Peter Jackson and Laurence Lockhart  (Cambridge University Press, 1968) p.66</ref>
* [[July 15]] &ndash; [[Jingnan campaign]]: [[Ming dynasty|Chinese Empire]] troops, led by [[Fang Zhao]], launch a raid on the Yan principality capital at Beiping, forcing Yan PrinceZhu Di to bring his troops back north.<ref name=Taizong/>
* [[August 5]] &ndash; The [[County of Geneva]], located in southeastern France in the [[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]] region, comes to an end after more than 300 years when it is sold to [[Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy|Amadeus VIII, Count of Savoy]] for 45,000 gold francs<ref>{{cite book |last=Demotz |first=Bernard  |date=2000 |title= Le comté de Savoie du XI au XV |publisher= Slatkine}}</ref>
* [[September 18]] &ndash; [[Jingnan campaign]]: The Yan principality defeats the Chinese imperial forces at Beiping after a siege of more than two months.<ref>''Ming Tongjian'', Volume 12</ref>
* [[September 24]] &ndash; The late English cleric [[John Twenge]] (1320-1379) is [[canonisation|canonized]] as Saint John of Bridlington by [[Pope Boniface IX]]

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 14]] &ndash; Sultan [[Nasir-ud-Din Mahmud Shah Tughluq]] of [[Delhi]] is restored to power.
* [[October 29]] &ndash; King Zsigmond of Hungary is released from imprisonment by order of the Royal Cuncil. 
* [[November 2]] &ndash;  The [[Battle of Tuthill]] takes place at [[Caernarfon]] in [[Wales]] as [[Owain Glyndŵr]] loses 300 soldiers in an attack by the English Army.<ref>{{cite book |author=R. R. Davies |title=The Revolt of Owain Glyn Dwr |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2DskDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA353|date=20 February 1997|publisher=OUP Oxford |isbn=978-0-19-165646-0 |pages=353}}</ref> The battle marks the first time that his banner, The Golden Dragon, is displayed.
* [[December 2]] &ndash; [[Jingnan campaign]]: Rebel General Zhu Di adopts a new approach in his war against the Chinese Imperial troops and departs from Beiping to drive troops southward to the [[Yangtze River]], capturing [[Dong'e County|Dong'e]], [[Dongping County|Dongping]], [[Wenshang County|Wenshang]], and [[Pei County|Pei]] over the next two months.<ref name=Taizong/>

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Dilawar Khan]] establishes the [[Malwa Sultanate]] in present-day northern [[India]].
* The [[Joseon dynasty]] in present-day [[Korea]] officially enters into a [[Tribute|tributary]] relationship with [[Ming dynasty]] China.
* [[Ashikaga Shogunate|Japan]] re-enters into a [[Tribute|tributary]] relationship with [[Ming dynasty|China]].
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