Editing 1569 (section)

== Events ==
=== January–March ===
* [[January 11]] — The first recorded [[lottery]] in [[Kingdom of England|England]] begins and continues, nonstop, at the west door of [[Old St Paul's Cathedral|St Paul's Cathedral]] for almost five months.<ref name="lottery">{{cite thesis |last=PS |first=Ball |date=2018 |title=Gambling in Elizabethan England : perspectives on England's 'Lotterie Generall' of 1567'Äö-69 |url=https://figshare.utas.edu.au/articles/thesis/Gambling_in_Elizabethan_England_perspectives_on_England_s_Lotterie_Generall_of_1567_-69/23237831 |degree=PhD |pages=6,120 |publisher=University of Tasmania |access-date=13 December 2023}}</ref> Each share costs ten [[shilling]]s, and proceeds are used to repair harbours, and for other public works.
* [[February 26]] — [[Pope Pius V]] issues a papal bull expelling all Jews from Italian and French territories.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Maifreda |first1=Germano |title=A Companion to Late Medieval and Early Modern Milan |date=1 January 2014 |publisher=Brill |isbn=978-90-04-28412-8 |pages=380–405 |url=https://brill.com/display/book/edcoll/9789004284128/B9789004284128_017.xml |access-date=13 December 2023 |language=en |chapter=15 The Jews: Institutions, Economy, and Society}}</ref>
* [[March 13]] – [[Battle of Jarnac]]: Royalist troops under Marshal Gaspard de Tavannes surprise and defeat the Huguenots under the [[Louis, Prince of Condé (1530–1569)|Prince of Condé]], who is captured and murdered. A substantial proportion of the Huguenot army manages to escape, under [[Gaspard II de Coligny|Gaspard de Coligny]].<ref name="PressLevi1992">{{cite book|author1=St James Press|author2=Anthony Levi|author3=Retired Professor of French Anthony Levi|title=Guide to French Literature: Beginnings to 1789|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=oqkRAQAAMAAJ|year=1992|publisher=St. James Press|isbn=978-1-55862-159-6|page=725}}</ref>

=== April–June ===
* [[April 15]] – [[Burmese–Siamese War (1568–1569)|Burmese–Siamese War]]: In what is now Thailand, [[Mahinthrathirat]] reclaims the throne of the [[Ayutthaya Kingdom]] upon the death of King [[Maha Chakkraphat]].
* [[May 6]] – England's St. Paul Cathedral lottery ends with the selection of a winner.<ref name="lottery" />
* [[May 8]] – King [[Bayinnaung]] of Burma puts down the revolt by Setthathirath of [[Lan Xang]] (now Laos), and ending Lan Xang's attempt to rescue Thailand's Ayutthaya Kingdom from conquest.<ref name=my-2-319>Maha Yazawin Vol. 2 2006: 319</ref>
* [[May 31]] – Kasim Pasha of the Ottoman Empire begins the Ottoman attempt to conquer Astrakhan with tens of thousands of troops and a plan to build a canal between the Black Sea to the Caspian Sea to send Ottoman ships on the conquest.<ref name="turks">{{cite journal |last1=Kurat |first1=A. N. |title=The Turkish Expedition to Astrakhan' in 1569 and the Problem of the Don-Volga Canal |journal=The Slavonic and East European Review |date=1961 |volume=40 |issue=94 |pages=7–23 |jstor=4205320 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/4205320 |access-date=13 December 2023 |issn=0037-6795}}</ref> The attempt to build a canal proves to be unfeasible.
* [[June 10]] – German Protestant troops reinforce Coligny, near [[Limoges]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Malte-Brun |first1=Victor Adolfe |title=La France illustrée: geographie, histoire, administration et statistique |date=1855 |publisher=G. Barba |page=14 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=tG_p2ueqIfoC&dq=Protestants+de+Coligny+%2210+juin+1569%22&pg=RA41-PA14 |access-date=13 December 2023 |language=fr}}</ref>

=== July–September ===
* [[July 1]] – The [[Union of Lublin]] unites the Kingdom of Poland and the [[Grand Duchy of Lithuania]] into a single state, the [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]], following votes in the Assemblies of three Lithuanian provinces ([[Volhynia]], [[Ukraine]] and [[Podlasie]]) in favour of the incorporation.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Kubijovyc |first1=Volodymyr |title=Encyclopedia of Ukraine |date=1984 |publisher=University of Toronto Press |page=167 |url=https://utorontopress.com/9781442651180/encyclopedia-of-ukraine/ |access-date=13 December 2023 |language=en-CA}}</ref>
* [[July 24]] – Huguenot forces under Gaspard II de Coligny and 15-year-old Prince [[Henry IV of France|Henry of Navarre]] begin the [[Siege of Poitiers (1569)|siege of Poitiers]], a Roman Catholic stronghold. The siege fails and the Huguenots depart on September 7.
* [[August 2]] – [[Burma]] invades [[Siam]] and captures [[Ayutthaya (city)|Ayutthaya]]. Siam becomes a vassal of Burma.
* [[August 24]] – [[Battle of Orthez 1569|Battle of Orthez]]: Huguenot forces under [[Gabriel, comte de Montgomery]] defeat Royalist forces under General Terride, in French Navarre. Catholics surrender under the condition that their lives will be spared. Huguenots agree, but then massacre the Catholics anyway.<ref>{{cite book|first1=Richard Ernest|last1=Dupuy|first2=Trevor Nevitt|last2=Dupuy|title=The Harper Encyclopedia of Military History: From 3500 BC to the Present|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fikOAQAAMAAJ|year=1993|publisher=HarperCollins|isbn=978-0-06-270056-8|page=522|language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 7]] – A Royalist army under the [[Henry III of France|Duc d'Anjou]] and Marshal Tavannes forces Coligny to abandon the siege of Poitiers.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Guizot |first1=François |title=L'histoire de France depuis les temps les plus revules jusqu'en 1789: recontee a mes petits-enfants |date=1874 |publisher=Hachette |page=323 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qagNAQAAMAAJ&dq=Tavannes+Coligny+Henri+III+%227+septembre+1569%22&pg=PA323 |access-date=13 December 2023 |language=fr}}</ref>
* [[September 17]] – Pope Pius V issues the papal bull ''[[Consueverunt Romani Pontifices]]'' setting specific elements for the devotion of the [[Rosary]].<ref>[http://campus.udayton.edu/mary//resources/documents/popescoun3.html"Teachings of the Popes and Councils on the Blessed Virgin Mary", University of Dayton] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111012031018/http://campus.udayton.edu/mary/ |date=October 12, 2011 }}</ref>  
* [[September 26]] – Kasim Pasha ends his attempt to conquer Astrakhan after realizing that his troops have only one month's supply of food left.<ref name="turks" />
* [[September 28]] – The first complete ''printed'' Bible in a Spanish translation (''La Biblia''), made by [[Casiodoro de Reina]], is published in [[Basel]].<ref>{{cite book|first1=James Dixon|last1=Douglas|first2=Merrill Chapin|last2=Tenney|year=1997|title=Diccionario Bíblico Mundo Hispano|publisher=Editorial Mundo Hispano|page=145}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.biblestudytools.com/sev/#13597726648632&0%7c%7cnlst|title=Sagradas Escrituras (1569) Bible, SEV|access-date=2013-07-08|website=biblestudytools.com}}</ref>
* [[September 29]] – [[Maha Thammaracha (king of Ayutthaya)|Maha Thammarachathirat]] is installed by the Burmese Army as the vassal king of Ayutthaya.

=== October–December ===
* [[October 3]] – [[Battle of Moncontour]]: The Royalist forces of [[Gaspard de Saulx|Gaspard de Saulx Tavannes]] and the [[Henry III of France|Duc d'Anjou]] defeat [[Gaspard II de Coligny]]'s Huguenots, killing 8,000 and taking 3,000 prisoner.
* [[November 9]] – The [[Rising of the North]] begins in England as the [[Charles Neville, 6th Earl of Westmorland|Earl of Westmorland]] and the [[Thomas Percy, 7th Earl of Northumberland|Earl of Northumberland]], both Catholic nobles, set off from [[Brancepeth Castle]] in [[County Durham]]<ref>{{cite book |last1=Marshall |first1=Peter |title=Heretics and Believers: A History of the English Reformation |date=1 January 2017 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=978-0-300-17062-7 |page=487 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=M7S_DgAAQBAJ&dq=Rising+of+the+North+Thomas+Percy+Brancepeth+Castle+%229+november+1569%22&pg=PA487 |access-date=16 December 2023 |language=en}}</ref> with 700 men, in hopes of overthrowing Queen [[Elizabeth I of England]], and placing the  Catholic [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], on the English throne.
* [[November 11]] — Danish General [[Daniel Rantzau]] arrives at the Swedish held Varberg castle at [[Halland]] and orders his artillery to shell the castle with cannon fire. The Swedish defenders fire back with their own artillery and Rantzau's head is taken off by a cannonball on the first day. 
* [[November 14]] — The siege of Varberg Castle by Denmark ends after three days of shelling the Swedish defenders.<ref>{{cite book |title=Fornvännen |date=1966 |publisher=Kungl. Vitterhets historie och antikvitets akademien |page=33 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6kEsAQAAIAAJ&q=%2214%20november%201569%22 |access-date=16 December 2023 |language=sv}}</ref>
* [[November 26]] — [[Francisco de Toledo|Francisco Álvarez de Toledo]] becomes the new Spanish [[List of viceroys of Peru|Viceroy of Peru]], succeeding [[Lope García de Castro]] as the governor-general of all Spanish territory in [[South America]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Tapia |first1=Atilio Sivirichi |title=Historia del Perú y de América: virreinto y emancipación : de conformidad con el novisimo plan de estudios |date=1900 |publisher=Imprenta D. Miranda |page=19 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=urzZAAAAMAAJ&dq=Francisco+de+Toledo+peru+Lope+Garc%C3%ADa+de+Castro+%2226+de+noviembre+de+1569%22&pg=PA19 |access-date=16 December 2023 |language=es}}</ref>
* [[December 2]] — The Catholic army of the Duc d'Anjou inflicts another defeat on the Huguenots of Coligny, successfully besieging [[Saint-Jean-d'Angély]].<ref>R. J. Knecht, ''The French Wars of Religion 1559-1598'' (Longman, 1989) p.42</ref>
* [[December 6]] — The [[Siege of Kanbara|Kanbara castle]], held by the [[Later Hōjō clan|Hōjō clan]] in what is now the [[Shizuoka Prefecture]] of Japan falls after a siege by [[Takeda Katsuyori]] of the [[Takeda clan]]. Hōjō Ujinobu, who had 1,000 men defending, commits suicide after the defeat. 
* [[December 13]] — An English counterattack against the Northern rebels begins as [[Thomas Radclyffe, 3rd Earl of Sussex]], marches from [[York]] with 10,000 men against the rebels' 6,000. The rebels disperse and flee northward back to Scotland, ending the [[Rising of the North]].

=== Dates unknown ===
* The [[Mercator projection]] is first used in [[Gerardus Mercator]]'s [[Mercator 1569 world map|world map]], ''Nova et Aucta Orbis Terrae Descriptio ad Usum Navigantium Emendata''.<ref>{{cite book|first=Nicholas|last=Crane|title=Mercator: the man who mapped the planet|location=London|publisher=Phoenix|year=2003|isbn=0-7538-1692-X}}</ref>
* A [[1569 Plot|conspiracy]] with the intent to depose [[John III of Sweden]] and reinstate the imprisoned [[Eric XIV of Sweden]] on the Swedish throne is exposed in Sweden. 
* The trade compact of [[1536]] is renewed, exempting French merchants from [[Ottoman Empire|Ottoman]] law, and allowing them to travel, buy and sell throughout the [[sultan]]'s dominions, and to pay low customs duties on French imports and exports.
* [[Akbar]] founds [[Fatehpur Sikri]], to honor the Muslim holy man [[Shaikh Salim Chisti]], who has foretold the birth of Akbar's son and heir, [[Jahangir]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Frail |first1=T. A. |title=The Ancient Architecture of Fatehpur Sikri |url=https://www.smithsonianmag.com/travel/the-ancient-architecture-of-fatehpur-sikri-37573801/ |website=Smithsonian Magazine |language=en}}</ref>