Editing 1614 (section)

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== January–March ===
* [[January 22]] – Led by [[Hasekura Tsunenaga]], Japan's trade expedition to [[New Spain]] (now Mexico) arrives on the Mexican coast with 22 samurai, 120 Japanese merchants, sailors and servants, and 40 Spaniards and Portuguese who serve as interpreters.<ref>"A Quarter Century of Trans-Pacific Diplomacy: New Spain and Japan, 1592–1617", by W. Michael Mathes, ''Journal of Asian History'' (1990), p.22</ref> Having reached the Americas after a voyage that began on October 28, the expedition travels to [[Acapulco]] and arrives on January 25. 
* [[January 27]] – The [[Noordsche Compagnie]] is founded in the Netherlands at [[Vlieland]] as a cartel in the whaling market.
* [[February 1]] – In Japan, the practice of [[Christianity]] is banned and an edict issues for the expulsion of all foreign missionaries.<ref>Nobuko Adachi, ''Japanese and Nikkei at Home and Abroad'' (Cambria Press, 2010) p.111</ref><ref>Juan Gil, ''Hidalgos y Samurais: Espana en los Siglos XVI y XVII'' (Alianza Editorial, 1991)</ref>
* [[February 2]] – Iran's Safavid dynasty Emperor, [[Abbas the Great]], carries out the execution of his oldest son, Crown Prince [[Mohammad Baqer Mirza]], on suspicion that his son is planning to kill him.<ref>Yves Bomati and Houchang Nahavandi, ''Shah Abbas, Empereur de Perse 1587–1629'' (Perrin, 1998) pp. 236-237</ref>
* [[February 14]] (February 4 O.S.) – King [[James I of England]] issues his proclamation ''Against Private Challenges and Combats'' in an effort to end duels.
* [[February 20]] – [[Matthias, Holy Roman Emperor|Matthias I]], Archduke of Austria, King of Hungary, Croatia and Bohemia, and Holy Roman Emperor, directs the restoration of Roman Catholic rule to [[Aachen]], allowing the Army of Flanders (from the Spanish Netherlands) to [[Siege of Aachen (1614)|lay siege to the German town]]. 
* [[March 15]] – Construction begins on the [[Takada Castle]] in [[Japan]].
* [[March 17]] – The [[States General of the Netherlands|States General]] of the [[Dutch Republic|Republic of the Seven United Netherlands]]  authorizes an exclusive monopoly for trade in the [[New World]], providing for the winning company to be able to make four voyages to the eastern coast of North America between 40° N and 45° N, encompassing what are now the U.S. states of New Jersey. The [[New Netherland Company]] receives the exclusive patent, effective January 1, 1615.

=== April–June ===
* [[April 5]] (April 15 N.S.)
**[[Pocahontas]], the 17-year-old daughter of Chief [[Powhatan (Native American leader)|Wahunsenacawh]] of the [[Powhatan]] Algonquian  native tribe in what is now the U.S. state of Virginia, is forced into child marriage with English colonist [[John Rolfe]] at [[Jamestown, Virginia|Jamestown]], a year after her capture in war. She is given the name of Rebecca Rolfe and departs with John Rolfe to England in 1616, dying before she can return.
**The [[Addled Parliament]] is assembled in England as the second parliament of King James I, and [[Blessed Parliament|the first in more than nine years]]. Its members serve for two months without passing any laws.
**The Republic of the Netherlands and the Kingdom of Sweden enter into a treaty at [[the Hague]]. [[3rd Parliament of James I|A new parliament]] will not be seated until more than six years later. 
* [[April 30]] – The [[Lan Na|Kingdom of Lan Na]] (in what is now northern Thailand) is invaded by 17,000 troops commanded by [[Anaukpetlun|King Anaukpetlun]] of [[Toungoo dynasty|Burma]] (now [[Myanmar]]). Lan Na's King Thado Kyaw is unsuccessful in getting assistance from the Kingdom of Siam, and turns to the [[Lan Xang|Kingdom of Lan Xang]] (now [[Laos]]), which provides assistance. 
* [[May 14]] – An earthquake strikes the Azores islands and levels the village of Vila Franca do Campo.
* [[May 15]] – The Queen Regent of France, [[Marie de' Medici]], convenes the [[Estates General (France)|Estates General]] to suppress a rebellion by [[Henri II, Prince of Condé]]. 
* [[May 17]] – Battle of Rohatyn: Mutinous "konfederacja" Polish troops are defeated by the Polish Army, led by General [[Stanisław Koniecpolski]].
* [[June 7]] – The [[Addled Parliament]] is dissolved by King James.

=== July–September ===
* [[July 6]] – [[Raid of Żejtun]]: Ottoman forces make a final attempt to conquer the island of [[Malta]], but are beaten back by the [[Knights Hospitaller]].
* [[July 16]] – In reprisal for the attempt of "[[False Dmitry II|the False Dmitry]]", a man who claimed to be the son of Ivan the Terrible, to claim the throne, [[Michael of Russia|Tsar Michael I]] has Dmitry's 3-year-old son,  [[Tsarevich Ivan Dmitriyevich|Ivan Dmitriyevich]], publicly hanged in Moscow.
* [[August 23]] – The [[University of Groningen]] is established in the [[Dutch Republic]].<ref>{{cite book|author1=Jos. M. M. Hermans|author2=Marc Nelissen|title=Charters of Foundation and Early Documents of the Universities of the Coimbra Group|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QE-P0ffkTUoC&pg=PA54|year=2005|publisher=Leuven University Press|isbn=978-90-5867-474-6|pages=54|language=en}}</ref>
* [[August 24]] – The [[Siege of Aachen (1614)|Siege of Aachen]] begins as the Spanish Army of Flanders, commanded by Amrogio Spinola, attacks with 15,000 troops. The 600-man defense force from Brandenburg surrenders a few days later. 
* [[September 1]] – In England, [[Julius Caesar (judge)|Sir Julius Caesar]] becomes [[Master of the Rolls]].

=== October–December ===
* [[October 2]] – After [[Louis XIII]] reaches the age of 23, he is given full power as King of France and [[List of regents#France|the regency of his mother]] is ended. [[Marie de' Medici|Queen Regent Marie]] retains her position as leader of the [[Conseil du Roi]], however, and continues to control the French government.
* [[October 11]] – [[Adriaen Block]] and a group of [[Amsterdam]] merchants petition the [[States General of the Netherlands|States General of the Northern Netherlands]] for exclusive trading rights, in the area he explored and named "[[New Netherland]]".
* [[October 13]] – The second [[War of the Jülich Succession]], which flared up a second time in May, comes to an end. 
* [[October 17]] – On the orders of [[Ahmed I]], [[List of sultans of the Ottoman Empire|Sultan of the Ottoman Empire]], Grand Vizier [[Nasuh Pasha]] is strangled to death by the chief of the Sultan's bodyguards.
* [[October 27]] – The [[French Estates General]] begins its last session.<ref>Roland Mousnier, ''The Institutions of France Under the Absolute Monarchy, 1598-1789'', ''Volume 1: Society and the State'' (translated by Brian Pearce) (University of Chicago Press, 1984) p.592</ref> [[:fr:États généraux de 1614|The session, with 464 deputies]] representing the nobility, the lower and middle classes, and the clergy, closes on February 23, 1615.<ref>Roger Chartier, "À propos des États généraux de 1614" ("About the States General of 1614"), in ''Revue d'histoire moderne et contemporaine'' (January–March, 1976) pp. 68-79</ref> For the next 175 years, the [[Kingdom of France]] will be governed as an [[absolute monarchy]] until the calling of a new Estates General in [[1789]] during the [[French Revolution]]).
* [[November 12]] – The [[Treaty of Xanten]] ends the [[War of the Jülich Succession]].<ref>{{cite book|author=Kenneth Meyer Setton|title=Venice, Austria, and the Turks in the Seventeenth Century|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XN51y209fR8C&pg=PA25|year=1991|publisher=American Philosophical Society|isbn=978-0-87169-192-7|pages=25|language=en}}</ref>
* [[November 19]] – Hostilities resulting from an attempt by [[Toyotomi Hideyori]] to restore [[Osaka Castle]] begin. [[Tokugawa Ieyasu]], father of the ''[[shōgun]]'', is outraged at this act, and leads three thousand men across the Kizu River, destroying the fort there.
* [[December 4]] – The [[Siege of Osaka]] begins in Japan.

=== Date unknown ===
* Scottish mathematician [[John Napier]] publishes ''[[Mirifici Logarithmorum Canonis Descriptio]]'' (''Description of the Admirable Table of Logarithms''), outlining his discovery of [[logarithm]]s, and incorporating the [[decimal mark]]. [[Astronomer]] [[Johannes Kepler]] soon begins to employ logarithms, in his description of the [[Solar System]].
* Tisquantum,<ref>[[Squanto]]</ref> a Native American of the [[Wampanoag|Wampanoag Nation]], is kidnapped and enslaved by Thomas Hunt, an English sea captain working with Captain John Smith. Freed in Spain, Tisquantum (a.k.a. [[Squanto]]) will travel for five years in Europe and North America, before returning to his home in Plymouth, Massachusetts. Twenty months later, he will be able to teach the Pilgrims<ref>[[Pilgrim Fathers]]</ref> the basics of farming and trade in the New World.
* The [[Fama Fraternitatis]] is published, the first of three allegorical [[Rosicrucian]] manifestoes in the [[Holy Roman Empire]]
*''[[The Duchess of Malfi]]'' is performed at the Globe theatre
</onlyinclude>