Editing 1627 (section)

== Events ==
[[File:Ur-painting.jpg|right|thumb|The last recorded [[Aurochs]] dies in [[Poland]].]]
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=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 26]] &ndash; The [[Netherlands|Dutch]] ship ''[['t Gulden Zeepaert (schip, 1626)|'t Gulden Zeepaert]]'', skippered by [[François Thijssen]], makes the first recorded sighting of the coast of [[South Australia]].
* [[February 15]] &ndash; The administrative rural parish of [[Iisalmi]] ({{langx|sv|Idensalmi}}) is established in [[Savonia (historical province)|Savonia]], by order of King [[Gustavus Adolphus|Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden]].<ref>[https://www.iisalmi.fi/Suomeksi/Kaupunki-Info/Historia Iisalmi: Historia] (in Finnish)</ref>
* [[February 17]] &ndash; [[England]] lands the first [[Europe]]an settlers on [[Barbados]].
* [[March 3]] &ndash; After the [[First Manchu invasion of Korea]], the [[Joseon]] dynasty of [[Korea]] becomes a [[tributary state]] of the [[Manchu people|Manchu]]s, but still pays respects to the [[Ming dynasty]] of [[China]]. After rejecting a Manchu alteration to the original diplomatic terms in 1636, the Manchus invade again in [[1637]].
* [[March 17]] &ndash; [[Maurice, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel]], is forced to abdicate after his spending brings Hesse-Kassel to bankruptcy. His son takes over as [[William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel|William V]] and cedes much of the landgravate in September to bring peace in its war against Hesse-Darmstadt.
* March &ndash; Start of the [[Trịnh–Nguyễn War]] in modern-day Vietnam: [[Trịnh Tráng]] leads an army of 200,000 troops southward to attack the Đàng Trong governed by Lord [[Nguyễn Phúc Nguyên]].

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 10]] &ndash; The ''[['t Gulden Zeepaert (schip, 1626)|'t Gulden Zeepaert]]'' reaches [[Jakarta|Batavia]] in the Dutch East Indies.
* [[April 17]] &ndash; The [[States of Friesland]] agree on the 28-point Appeal about Abuses after allowing the citizens to voice their complaints.
* [[May 10]] &ndash; The Kingdom of England reaches an agreement with [[Sidi Al-Ayyashi]], a Moroccan [[Mujahidin]] leader to obtain his help in releasing English captives seized by [[Barbary corsairs]].  
* [[May 13]] &ndash; France and England sign an agreement on dividing the island of [[Saint Kitts]]. 
* [[May 23]] &ndash; [[Ngarolamo]] becomes the new [[Sultanate of Tidore|Sultan of Tidore]] in the Maluku Islands in modern-day Indonesia. 
* [[June 15]] &ndash; The [[States of Friesland]] promulgate the Resolution on the April 17 appeal about abuses. 
* [[June 20]]
** [[Hinchingbrooke House]] in the east of England is sold by [[Oliver Cromwell (died 1655)|Sir Oliver Cromwell]], to [[Sidney Montagu (MP, died 1644)|Sidney Montagu]].
** [[Turkish Abductions]]: [[Barbary corsairs]] from [[Salé]] raid the fishing village of [[Grindavík]] in [[Iceland]] and take captives into slavery, the first of several raids.<ref name=HhetuT>{{Cite web|title=Hvaða heimildir eru til um Tyrkjaránið?|author=Þorsteinn Helgason|url=http://www.visindavefur.is/svar.php?id=5738|access-date=2020-12-06|website=Vísindavefurinn|language=is}}</ref>

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 5]]–[[July 13|13]] &ndash; [[Turkish Abductions]]: [[Barbary corsairs]] from [[Algiers]] raid the [[East Fjords]] of Iceland and take captives into slavery.<ref name=HhetuT/>
* [[July 16]] &ndash; Turkish Abductions: the Barbary corsairs from Algiers raid the island of [[Heimaey]] off Iceland, take captives into slavery and kill others.<ref name=HhetuT/>
* [[July 20]] &ndash; [[Eighty Years' War]]: [[Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange]], begins the [[Siege of Groenlo (1627)|Siege of Grol]], the last [[Spain|Spanish]] stronghold in the eastern [[Netherlands]], and captures it after 30 days.
* [[July 22]] &ndash; The English, under the [[Duke of Buckingham]], invade the [[Île de Ré]] off the coast of France in support of the [[Huguenot]]s in [[La Rochelle]]; the invasion fails.
* [[July 27]] &ndash; An [[earthquake]] destroys the cities of [[San Severo]] and [[Torremaggiore]] in southern [[Italy]].
* [[August 16]] &ndash; In a persecution of Christians in Japan, [[205 Martyrs of Japan|14 Franciscan missionaries and converts are killed]]. 
* [[August 19]] &ndash; [[Eighty Years' War]]: Grol, in the Spanish Netherlands, is captured after the siege started on July 20 by Prince Frederick Henry.
* [[September 10]] &ndash; The [[Siege of La Rochelle]] begins as the Roman Catholic nations of France and Spain move to suppress the revolt of Protestant Huguenots in the western French city.<ref>{{cite book|author=A. Lloyd Moote|title=Louis XIII, the Just|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ya0wDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA194|date=8 August 1991|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-07546-7|pages=194|language=en}}</ref>
* [[September 12]] &ndash; [[Mohammed Adil Shah, Sultan of Bijapur|Mohammed Adil Shah]] begins his reign as the new Sultan of Bijapur in south India, after the death of his father, [[Ibrahim Adil Shah II]]. 
* [[September 24]] &ndash; [[William V, Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel]], landgrave of the German state [[Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel|Hesse-Kassel]], signs the ''Hauptakkord'' with [[George II, Landgrave of Hesse-Darmstadt|George II]] of [[Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt|Hesse-Darmstadt]], ceding much of its territory.
* [[September 30]] &ndash; The reign of China's 21-year old ruler, the Ming dynasty [[Tianqi Emperor]], Zhu Youjiao, ends after seven years.

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 2]] &ndash; The Tianqi Emperor's 16-year-old brother, Zhu Youjian, is enthroned as the [[Chongzhen Emperor]].
* [[October 28]] &ndash; The Mughal Emperor [[Jahangir]] dies of a respiratory illness near [[Bhimber]] while attempting to return to his palace at [[Lahore]].
* [[November 7]] &ndash; [[Shahryar Mirza]], the 22-year-old son of [[Jahangir]] and son-in-law of Jahangir's widow [[Nur Jahan]], is installed as the new Mughal Emperor at Lahore.
* [[November 20]] &ndash; [[Thirty Years' War]]: [[Bogislaw XIV, Duke of Pomerania]], signs the [[Capitulation of Franzburg]], in which [[Pomerania]] is forced to pay for the Imperial army that [[Wallenstein]] sent to occupy it. Nonetheless, despite the treaty, Pomerania is devastated by the Imperial troops.
* [[November 28]] &ndash; [[Polish-Swedish War (1625–1629)|Polish-Swedish War]]: [[Battle of Oliwa]] &ndash; A [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Polish-Lithuanian fleet]] defeats a [[Sweden|Swedish]] fleet.
* [[December 18]] &ndash; ''La selva sin amor'' (The Forest without Love), written by [[Lope de Vega]] and with music by Alessandro Piccinini, premieres as the first Spanish opera. 
* [[December 25]] &ndash; [[Vincenzo II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua]], dies of poor health at the age of 33. [[Charles I Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua|Charles I Gonzaga]] becomes the Duke over the objections of [[Charles Emmanuel I of Savoy]], leading to the [[War of the Mantuan Succession]].
* [[December 27]] &ndash; In Madrid, ministers of King Philip IV of Spain, draw up proposals for a "Kingdom and Republic of Ireland" that would break with England, to have two Captains General to be executives of the Republic. 
* [[December 30]] (Jumada-l awwal 2, 1037 AH) &ndash; Shihab-ud-Din Muhammad Khurram, son of the later Emperor Jahangir, enters [[Lahore]] after defeating his brother Shahryar Mirza. He is proclaimed as [[Shah Jahan]].

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Habsburg Spain]] suffers an economic collapse.
* The last recorded [[aurochs]] die in the [[Jaktorów]] Forest of [[Poland]].
* [[Rock blasting]] is invented: Black [[gunpowder]] is first used in [[mining]], in a mineshaft under [[Banská Štiavnica]], [[Slovakia]].</onlyinclude>