Editing 1679 (section)

== Events ==
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=== January&ndash;March ===
* [[January 24]] &ndash; King [[Charles II of England]] dissolves the "[[Cavalier Parliament]]", after nearly 18 years.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology278279">{{cite book|last=Williams|first=Hywel|title=Cassell's Chronology of World History|url=https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will|url-access=registration|location=London|publisher=Weidenfeld & Nicolson|year=2005|isbn=0-304-35730-8|pages=[https://archive.org/details/cassellschronolo0000will/page/278 278–279]}}</ref>
* [[February 3]] &ndash; Moroccan troops from Fez are killed, along with their commander Moussa ben Ahmed ben Youssef, in a battle against rebels in the [[Jbel Saghro]] mountain range, but Moroccan Sultan [[Ismail Ibn Sharif]] is able to negotiate a ceasefire allowing his remaining troops safe passage back home.
* [[February 5]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Celle]] is signed between France and Sweden on one side, and the Holy Roman Empire, at the town of [[Celle]] in Saxony (in modern-day Germany).  Sweden's sovereignty over [[Bremen-Verden]] is confirmed and Sweden cedes control of [[Thedinghausen]] and [[Dörverden]] to the Germans.
* [[February 19]] &ndash; [[Ajit Singh of Marwar|Ajit Singh Rathore]] becomes the new Maharaja of the [[Jodhpur State]] a principality in India also known as Marwar, located in the modern-day [[Rajasthan]] state. 
* [[March 6]] &ndash; In England, the "[[Habeas Corpus Parliament]]" (or "First Exclusion Parliament") is opened.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology278279"/>
* [[March 12]] &ndash; [[La Voisin|Catherine Deshayes Monvoisin]], commonly called "La Voisin" and the suspected killer of over 1,000 people in France by poisoning, is arrested outside of the Church of [[Notre-Dame-de-Bonne-Nouvelle]] in [[Paris]] and imprisoned at [[Vincennes]] for the next 11 months. After her conviction, she is publicly burned at the stake on February 22, 1680.

=== April&ndash;June ===
* [[April 3]] &ndash; [[Aurangazeb]], the [[Islam|Muslim]] ruler of the [[Mughal Empire]] in [[India]], decrees the imposition of the [[jizya]], an annual tax upon non-Muslims under Mughal jurisdiction, primarily [[Hinduism|Hindus]].  The tax had been abolished by Aurangazeb's great grandfather, Akbar.
* [[April 8]] &ndash; In the Italian region of [[Piedmont]], a landslide causes the village of [[Bosia, Piedmont|Bosia]] to sink into the ground and then get buried, killing 200 inhabitants.  The village is then rebuilt at another site and continues to exist. 
* [[April 10]] &ndash; A [[List of solar eclipses in the 17th century|total eclipse of the Sun]] takes place over [[North America]], with its peak over the region occupied by the [[Lakota people|Lakota Sioux]] people in modern-day [[South Dakota]].
* [[May 3]] &ndash; [[James Sharp (bishop)|James Sharp]], the [[Church of Scotland]]'s [[Archbishop of St Andrews]], is assassinated at [[Strathkinness|Magus Muir]] in [[Fife]], when his coach is ambushed by a group of nine of the Scottish [[Covenanters]].  Only two of the assassins, [[David Hackston]] and Andrew Guillan, are captured.
* [[May 27]] &ndash; The [[Parliament of England]] passes the [[Habeas Corpus Act 1679|Habeas Corpus Act]], "for the better securing the liberty of the subject" and then adjourns.<ref name="Cassell's Chronology278279"/>
* [[June 1]] &ndash; [[Battle of Drumclog]]: A group of 200 Scottish [[Covenanter]]s overwhelm a small Scottish Army unit, that had been pursuing them for the murder of Archbishop Sharp. The Covenanters, led by 19-year-old [[William Cleland (poet)|William Cleland]], kill 36 of the Scottish soldiers.
* [[June 4]] &ndash; A [[1679 Armenia earthquake|6.4 magnitude earthquake in Armenia]] strikes near [[Yerevan]], at the time part of the [[Safavid dynasty|Persian Empire]].
* [[June 22]] &ndash; [[Battle of Bothwell Bridge]] in [[Scotland]]: Royal forces led by [[James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth]] and [[John Graham of Claverhouse]] subdue the Scottish Covenanters.

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 12]] &ndash; In England, the "[[Habeas Corpus Parliament]]" (or "First Exclusion Parliament") is dissolved, while in recess, by [[Charles II of England|King Charles II]].  The King exercises his [[royal prerogative]] of dissolution to prevent the parliament from passing a bill that would exclude non-Anglicans from the [[Succession to the British throne|succession to the English throne]], specifically the king's Roman Catholic brother, [[James II of England|James, Duke of York]], as part of the [[Exclusion Crisis]].
* [[August 7]] &ndash; The [[brigantine]] ''[[Le Griffon]]'', commissioned by [[René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle]], is towed to the southern end of the [[Niagara River]], to become the first ship to sail the upper [[Great Lakes]] of North America. 
* [[September 2]] &ndash; The 8.0 {{M|w|link=y}} magnitude [[1679 Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake|Sanhe-Pinggu earthquake]] devastates [[Beijing]] and [[Hebei]] in [[China]].
* [[September 18]] &ndash; The [[Province of New Hampshire]] is separated from the [[Massachusetts Bay Colony]].

=== October&ndash;December ===
* [[October 4]] &ndash; [[Bil'arab bin Sultan]] becomes the new [[List of rulers of Oman|Imam of Oman]] upon the death of his father, [[Sultan bin Saif]].
* [[October 6]] &ndash; Mughal Emperor [[Aurangzeb]] returns control of [[Bengal Subah|Bengal]] to the local [[Nawabs of Bengal and Murshidabad|Nawab of Murshidabad]] after removing his son, [[Muhammad Azam Shah|Prince Qutb-ud-Din Muhammad Azam]], from the position of Mughal Governor of [[Dhaka]]. <ref>Sir Jadunath Sarkar, ''The History of Bengal'' (University of Dacca, 1943) p. 382</ref>
* [[October 12]] &ndash; Representatives of the [[Dutch Republic]] and the [[Denmark–Norway|Kingdom of Sweden]] sign the last of the nine [[Treaties of Nijmegen]], ending the last of the conflicts that began during the [[Franco-Dutch War]].
* [[October 18]] &ndash; A sea battle is fought between England's Royal Navy and the navy of India's [[Maratha Confederacy|Maratha Empire]] (under the command of [[Mai Nayak Bhandari]]), with English bombardment driving the Maratha occupation of the island fortress at [[Khanderi]] (off of the western Indian coast south of [[Mumbai]]).   
* [[November 27]] &ndash; A fire in [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], burns all of the warehouses, 80 houses, and all of the ships in the dockyards. 
* [[December 3]] &ndash; French explorers [[René-Robert Cavelier, Sieur de La Salle]] (commonly called "La Salle") and [[Henri de Tonti]] set off from their fort near [[Niagara Falls]] in North America on the first European expedition to explore the upper [[Mississippi River]]. 
* [[December 10]]
**More than 200 captives on the ship ''[[Deerness#The Crown of London shipwreck|The Crown of London]]'', all Scottish [[Covenanters]] arrested after the battle of Bothwell Bridge, are killed when the ship is wrecked on the [[Orkney|Orkney Islands]] while transporting the group to exile in North America.<ref>[https://www.orkney.com/news/covenanters-memorial "The story of the Covenanters Memorial"], Orkney.com</ref>
**A peace treaty is signed between Ali Bey al-Muradi, Bey of Tunis; his brother whom he had overthrown in 1678,  [[Muhammad Bey al-Muradi]]; and their uncle, Muhammad al-Hafsi al-Muradi, the Pasha of Tunis, after mediation by the [[Dey of Algiers]].
* [[December 16]] (December 6 O.S.) &ndash; [[Oliver Plunkett]], the Roman Catholic Primate of All Ireland and Archbishop of Armagh, is arrested on false charges of plotting to aid a French invasion of the British Isles, the so-called "[[Popish Plot]]". Executed in 1681, Plunkett will be canonized as a Roman Catholic saint almost 300 years later in 1975.
* [[December 26]] &ndash; In modern-day Indonesia, the [[Trunajaya rebellion]] comes to an end with the surrender of Prince [[Trunajaya|Panembahan Maduretno]] to the Sultan [[Amangkurat II of Mataram]], ruler of the entire island of [[Java]]. While treated with respect as a prisoner of the occupying forces of the [[Dutch East India Company]] (''Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie'' or VOC), Panembahan is killed seven days later by Amangkurat after the VOC allows him to attend a ceremonial visit to the sultan's palace.

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war]] (1679–84) begins with the Tibetan invasion of Ladakh.
* French explorer [[Daniel Greysolon, Sieur du Lhut]], explores the [[Saint Louis River (Lake Superior tributary)|Saint Louis River]]; the city of [[Duluth, Minnesota]], will take its name from him.
* [[Malpas Tunnel]] on the [[Canal du Midi]] in [[Hérault]], France, Europe's first navigable canal tunnel, is excavated by [[Pierre-Paul Riquet]] ({{convert|169|m|ft}}, concrete lined).<ref>{{cite book|last=Roland|first=Claudine|title=The Canal du Midi|year=1997|publisher=MSM|isbn=2-909998-66-5}}</ref></onlyinclude>