Editing 1699 (section)

== Events ==
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=== January–March ===
* [[January 5]] – A [[1699 Java earthquake|violent earthquake]] damages the city of [[Batavia, Dutch East Indies|Batavia]] on the Indonesian island of [[Java]], killing at least 28 people.
* [[January 20]] – The [[Parliament of England]] (under [[Tories (British political party)|Tory]] dominance) limits the size of the country's standing army to 7,000 'native born' men;<ref name=CBH200201>{{cite book|last1=Palmer|first1=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=200–201|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref> hence, [[William III of England|King William III]]'s [[Dutch Blue Guards]] cannot serve in the line. By an Act of [[February 1]], it also requires disbandment of foreign troops in Ireland.<ref>{{cite book|editor=Moody, T. W.|title=A New History of Ireland. '''8''': A Chronology of Irish History|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=1989|isbn=978-0-19-821744-2|display-editors=etal}}</ref>
* [[January 26]] – The [[Republic of Venice]], [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth]] and [[Holy Roman Empire]] sign the [[Treaty of Karlowitz]] with the [[Ottoman Empire]], marking an end to the major phase of the [[Ottoman–Habsburg wars]]. The treaty marks a major geopolitical shift, as the Ottoman Empire subsequently abandons its expansionism and adopts a defensive posture while the [[Habsburg monarchy]] expands its influence.
* [[February 4]] – A group of 350 rebels in the [[Streltsy Uprising]] are executed in Moscow.
* [[March 2]] – ''[[The Edinburgh Gazette]]'' is first published in [[Scotland]].
* [[March 4]] – Jews are expelled from [[Lübeck]], Germany.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia|url=http://jewishencyclopedia.com/articles/10165-lubeck|title=Lübeck|first=Gotthard|last=Deutsch|encyclopedia=[[The Jewish Encyclopedia|Jewish Encyclopedia]]|year=1906|access-date=2019-01-26}}</ref>
* [[March 26]] – The first performance of ''[[Amadis de Grèce]]'', an opera by French composer André Cardinal Destouches, takes place at the Académie Royale de Musique, Paris.
* [[March 31]] – A total solar eclipse is visible across the southern Indian Ocean.

=== April–June ===
* [[April 13]] – The 10th [[Sikh guru]], [[Guru Gobind Singh]], creates the ''[[Khalsa]]'' at [[Anandpur Sahib]].
* [[May 1]] – [[Pierre Le Moyne d'Iberville]] founds the first European settlement in the [[Mississippi River]] Valley, at [[Fort Maurepas]] ([[Ocean Springs, Mississippi]]).
* [[May 10]] – [[Billingsgate Fish Market]] in London is sanctioned as a permanent institution by an Act of Parliament, with the provision "that after the tenth of May, 1699, Billingsgate Market should be, every day in the week except Sunday, a free and open market for all sorts of fish, and that it should be lawful for any person to buy or sell any sort of fish without disturbance."<ref>''The Nineteenth Century'' (Henry S. King & Company, 1883) p. 146</ref>
* [[June 11]] – [[Kingdom of England|England]], [[Kingdom of France|France]] and the [[Dutch Republic]] agree on the terms of the [[Treaty of London (1700)]] (Second Partition Treaty) for Spain.<ref>{{cite book|editor1=Onnekink, David |editor2=Mijers, Esther|first=Rule|last=John|title=The Partition Treaties, 1698-1700; A European View in Redefining William III: The Impact of the King-Stadholder in International Context|date=2017|publisher=Routledge|isbn=978-1138257962}}</ref>
* [[June 14]] – [[Thomas Savery]] demonstrates his first [[steam pump]] to the [[Royal Society]] of London.

=== July–September ===
* [[July 6]] – Scottish-born pirate captain [[William Kidd]] is arrested and imprisoned in [[Boston]], [[Province of Massachusetts Bay]], after being tricked by his former patron New York Governor [[Richard Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont]].<ref>{{cite web| title =The Quest for the Armenian Vessel, Quedagh Merchant| publisher =AYAS Nautical Research Club| url =http://www.amarasonline.com/amaras/events/cillicia-flyer-1.pdf| access-date =13 December 2007}}</ref>
* [[July 26]] – [[William Dampier]]'s expedition to [[New Holland (Australia)]], in [[HMS Roebuck (1690)|HMS ''Roebuck'']], reaches [[Dirk Hartog Island]], at the mouth of what he calls [[Shark Bay]] in [[Western Australia]], and he begins producing the first known detailed record of Australian flora and fauna.<ref>{{cite book|url=http://adbonline.anu.edu.au/biogs/A010265b.htm|first=J.|last=Bach|chapter=Dampier, William (1651–1715)|title=Australian Dictionary of Biography|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|year=1966|access-date=2012-03-15}}</ref>
* [[August 25]] – [[Christian V of Denmark|Christian V]], King of [[Denmark–Norway]] since [[1670]], dies and is succeeded by his son, [[Frederick IV of Denmark|Frederick IV]] (to [[1730]]).
* [[September 23]] – [[Solar eclipse of September 23, 1699|A total solar eclipse]] is visible in the northern hemisphere across Europe, the Middle East and north India.

=== October–December ===
* [[October 3]] – The ''Liverpool Merchant'', the first [[slave ship]] to depart from the [[Port of Liverpool]], sets sail for West Africa where it embarks  hundreds of African slaves and sails for [[Barbados]], arriving there on September 18, 1700 with 220 slaves onboard.
* [[October 11]] – The opera [[Marthésie|''Marthésie, première reine des Amazones'']] (''Marthesia, First Queen of the Amazons''), composed by [[André Cardinal Destouches]], is performed for the first time, premiering at [[Fontainebleau]] near [[Paris]].
* [[October]] – An edict by King Louis XIV establishes an office of police magistrate in almost every village in France, with the title of ''lieutenant general de police'' created.<ref>Philip Dawson, ''Provincial Magistrates and Revolutionary Politics in France, 1789-1795'' (Harvard University Press, 1972) p. 51</ref>
* [[November 22]] – The [[Treaty of Preobrazhenskoye]], negotiated by [[Johann Patkul]], is signed at a palace of the Tsar of Russia [[Peter the Great]], and representatives of [[Augustus II the Strong|Augustus the Strong]], [[Elector of Saxony]], [[King of Poland]] and [[Elector of Saxony]] to provide for the partition of [[Swedish Empire]] between Saxony, the [[Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth]], the Kingdoms of [[Denmark-Norway]] and the [[Russian Empire]]. The attack on Sweden, which takes place on February 22, starts the [[Great Northern War]].
* [[December 3]] – Baron Jacob Hop is appointed as the treasurer-general of [[The Hague]].
* [[December 10]] – A major ice storm shuts down the city of Boston for a week and freezing rain brings down many tree branches and causes severe damage to orchards.
* [[December 20]] – [[Peter the Great]] orders the Russian New Year changed, from [[September 1]] (the start of the Byzantine year) to [[January 1]].<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=chMaCAAAQBAJ&dq=%22Peter+the+Great%22+%22New+Year%22+1699&pg=PT99 Lindsey Hughes, ''Peter the Great: A Biography''] (Yale University Press, 2002)</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Russia in the Age of Peter the Great |url=https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/first/h/hughes-peter.html |access-date=5 September 2022 |website=archive.nytimes.com |archive-date=5 September 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220905200603/https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/books/first/h/hughes-peter.html |url-status=live }}</ref>