Editing 1718 (section)

== Events ==
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=== January &ndash; March ===
* [[January 7]] &ndash; In India, [[Sufism|Sufi]] rebel leader [[Shah Inayat Shaheed]] from [[Sindh]] who had led attacks against the [[Mughal Empire]], is beheaded days after being tricked into meeting with the Mughals to discuss peace.<ref>Motilal Jotwani, ''Sufis Of Sindh'' (Indian Ministry of Information & Broadcasting, 1986)</ref>
* [[January 17]] &ndash; [[Jeremias III of Constantinople|Jeremias III]] reclaims his role as the [[Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople]], chief leader within the Eastern Orthodox Church, 16 days after the Metropolitan Cyril IV of Pruoza had engineered an election to become the Patriarch.<ref>Demetrius Kiminas, ''The Ecumenical Patriarchate'' (Wildside Press LLC, 2009) p. 41,47 </ref>
* [[February 14]] &ndash; The reign of [[Victor Amadeus, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg|Victor Amadeus]] over the principality of [[Anhalt-Bernburg]] (now within the state of [[Saxony-Anhalt]] in northeastern Germany) ends after 61 years and 7 months. He had ascended the throne on September 22, 1656.  He is succeeded by his son [[Karl Frederick, Prince of Anhalt-Bernburg|Karl Frederick]].
* [[February 21]] &ndash; [[Manuel II of Kongo|Manuel II]] (Mpanzu a Nimi) becomes the new monarch of the [[Kingdom of Kongo]] (located in western Africa in present day [[Angola]]) when [[Pedro IV of Kongo|King Pedro IV]] (Nusamu a Mvemba) dies after a reign of 22 years.  Manuel reigns until 1743.<ref>Alisa LaGamma, ''Kongo: Power and Majesty'' (Metropolitan Museum of Art, 2015) p.15</ref>
* [[March 12]] &ndash; [[Anton Florian, Prince of Liechtenstein|Anton Florian]] becomes the new [[Prince of Liechtenstein]], succeeding [[Joseph Wenzel I, Prince of Liechtenstein|Joseph Wenzel]]
* [[March 13]] &ndash; [[Daniel Overbeek]] becomes the new [[List of governors of Dutch Ceylon|Dutch Governor of Ceylon]] (now the nation of [[Sri Lanka]]), arriving after a 10-month sea voyage from the Netherlands.
* [[March 18]] &ndash;  [[Edward Wortley Montagu (traveller)|Edward Wortley Montagu]], the four-year-old son of the British Ambassador to Turkey, becomes the first British person to be inoculated with the smallpox vaccine, administered by [[Charles Maitland (physician)|Dr. Charles Maitland]] at the request of Edward's mother, [[Lady Mary Wortley Montagu]].<ref>W. M. Thackeray, ''The History of Henry Esmond, Esq., A Colonel in the Service of Her Majesty Queen Anne'' (Houghton Mifflin, 1900) p. 73, 490</ref>
* [[March 20]] &ndash; The [[Privy Council of the United Kingdom]], at the time the British Government prior to the creation of the officer of Prime Minister, is reorganized, with a reorganized [[Second Stanhope–Sunderland ministry]]. Secretary of State for the Northern Department [[Charles Spencer, 3rd Earl of Sunderland]] succeeds [[James Stanhope, 1st Earl Stanhope|James Stanhope]] as the new [[First Lord of the Treasury]], and Stanhope takes Sunderland's job.

=== April &ndash; June ===
[[File:New Orleans PD 1.jpg|thumb|right| [[May 7]]: [[New Orleans]]]]
* [[April 4]] &ndash; Great Britain, France and the Dutch Republic agree on the phasing out of the authority of the [[House of Medici]] over the semi-independent [[Grand Duchy of Tuscany]] by declaring that [[Gian Gastone de' Medici]] will be the last of the Medici family to rule the Italian duchy and that Spain's [[Spanish royal family|House of Borbón]] will eventually control the Tuscan monarchy.  [[Charles III of Spain|Don Carlos of Spain]], the two-year old son of [[Philip V of Spain|King Philip V]], is designated as the eventual heir, despite the objections of the 75-year old Grand Duke, [[Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany|Cosimo III de' Medici]].<ref>Harold Acton, ''The Last Medici'' (Macmillan, 1980) p. 172</ref>
* [[May 1]] &ndash; [[San Antonio]] is founded by [[Antonio de Olivares|Father Antonio de San Buenaventura y Olivares]] with the construction of the initial [[Alamo Mission in San Antonio|Mission San Antonio de Valero]].
* [[May 7]] &ndash; The settlement of [[New Orleans]] is founded in [[New France]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.historyorb.com/events/date/1718 |title=Historical Events for Year 1718 &#124; OnThisDay.com |website=Historyorb.com |access-date=2018-04-04}}</ref>
* [[May 22]] &ndash; Sailing the ''[[Queen Anne's Revenge]]'' English [[pirate]] Edward Teach ("[[Blackbeard]]") leads 400 sailors in four ships, and blockades the port of [[Charleston, South Carolina]] for an entire week, plundering all arriving ships.<ref>Angus Konstam, ''The Pirate World: A History of the Most Notorious Sea'' (Bloomsbury, 2019)</ref>  After their departure, ''Queen Anne's Revenge'' and ''Adventure'' are both lost at Beaufort Inlet, [[North Carolina]]; a week later.  Blackbeard allows [[Stede Bonnet]] to command the ''Revenge'' (which is renamed the ''Royal James'') once again. Bonnet rescues 25 sailors abandoned by Blackbeard on a sandbar and continues his life of piracy.
* [[June 3]] &ndash; Pirates "Blackbeard" and Stede Bonnet accidentally run aground in the ship ''[[Queen Anne's Revenge]]'' after sailing into [[Topsail Inlet]] in the British colony of [[North Carolina]].  Learning of the royal pardon available to all pirates who surrender before September 5, Teach negotiates a settlement with Colonial Governor [[Charles Eden (politician)|Charles Eden]] for a pardon for himself, Bonnet and the rest of his crew in return for the Governor receiving some of the pirates' plunder.<ref>[https://www.smithsonianmag.com/history/last-days-blackbeard-180949440/ "The Last Days of Blackbeard"], By Colin Woodard, ''Smithsonian'' magazine (February 2014)</ref>
* [[June 16]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Baden (1718)|Treaty of Baden ]] is signed, ending the [[Toggenburg War]].
* [[June 19]] &ndash; A [[1718 Tongwei-Gansu earthquake|7.5 earthquake]] shakes [[Tongwei County]] in [[China]], killing 73,000 people.

=== July&ndash;September ===
* [[July 21]] &ndash; The [[Treaty of Passarowitz]], ending the [[Austro-Turkish War (1716–1718)|Austro-Turkish War]], is signed.
* [[July 25]] &ndash; At the behest of Tsar [[Peter the Great]], the construction of [[Kadriorg Palace]], dedicated to his wife [[Catherine I of Russia|Catherine]], began in [[Tallinn]].<ref>[https://www.spottinghistory.com/view/410/kadriorg-palace/ Kadriorg Palace – Tallinn, Estonia] – Spotting History</ref>
* [[August 11]] &ndash; [[Battle of Cape Passaro]]: a Spanish fleet is defeated by the British [[Royal Navy]] under Admiral [[George Byng, 1st Viscount Torrington|George Byng]], off [[Capo Passero]], Sicily, a prelude to the [[War of the Quadruple Alliance]].
* [[September 10]] &ndash; In France, [[Armande Félice de La Porte Mazarin]] and the Vicomtesse de Polignac, both mistresses of the [[Armand de Vignerot du Plessis|Duc de Richelieu]], fight a duel with pistols at the [[Bois de Boulogne]] near Paris.  Lady Mazarin, who had initiated the duel, is wounded in the shoulder and both survive.  Richelieu, though impressed by the willingness of the ladies to fight over his affections, comments ''Je ne sacrifierai pas un de mes cheveux, ni à l’une, ni à l’autre'' ("I will not sacrifice anything, not to one, nor to the other.")<ref>Robert Baldick, ''The Duel: A History of Dueling'' (Spring Books, 1970)</ref>
* [[September 27]] &ndash; The [[Battle of Cape Fear River]] begins as pirate [[Stede Bonnet]] and his crew on the ''Royal James'' are confronted in [[North Carolina]] by Colonel [[William Rhett]] and the ships ''Henry'' and ''Sea Nymph''.
* [[September]] &ndash; In [[Tibet]], forces of the Tibetan [[Dzungar Khanate]] destroys an advancing expedition of the [[Qing dynasty|Chinese Imperial Army]], under the command of General Erentei, in the [[Battle of the Salween River]].

=== October &ndash;December ===
* [[October 3]] &ndash; [[Stede Bonnet]] and his crew are captured near the mouth of the [[Cape Fear River]] and taken to Charleston, South Carolina, where they are tried for piracy. All but four are found guilty and sentenced to death (with 22 hanged on November 8), but Bonnet escapes from prison on October 24.
* [[October 31]] &ndash; The Mughal Emperor of India, [[Farrukhsiyar]], restores the titles and responsibilities of his chief adviser, [[Mir Jumla III]], almost three years after dismissing him. 
* [[November 11]] &ndash; Lightning strikes the powder magazine at the [[Old Fortress, Corfu]], causing an explosion that kills a large number of people on the island.
* [[November 18]] &ndash; [[Voltaire]]'s first play, ''[[Oedipus (Voltaire)|Oedipus]]'', premières at the [[Comédie-Française]] in Paris. This is his first use of the pseudonym.
* [[November 22]] &ndash; Citing violations of the amnesty agreement with Blackbeard, [[Virginia]] Governor [[Alexander Spotswood]] sends a [[Royal Navy]] contingent to North Carolina, where they battle Blackbeard and his crew in [[Ocracoke Inlet]]. Blackbeard is killed in action, after receiving five musketball wounds and twenty sword lacerations.
*[[December 4]] &ndash; Fifty people are killed, and 150 houses burned, when a fire breaks out in [[Wapping]], [[London]].  The blaze comes two days after a fire at the [[Spring Gardens]] at [[St. James's]], London, which destroyed the French Chapel there and which was put out by several rescuers, including the future King George II.<ref>"Fires, Great", in ''The Insurance Cyclopeadia: Being an Historical Treasury of Events and Circumstances Connected with the Origin and Progress of Insurance'', Cornelius Walford, ed. (C. and E. Layton, 1876) p48-49</ref>
* [[December 5]] &ndash; Following the death of Charles XII on [[November 30]], his sister [[Ulrika Eleonora, Queen of Sweden|Ulrika Eleonora]] proclaims herself Queen regnant of [[Sweden]], as the news of her brother's death reaches Stockholm.
* [[December 10]] &ndash; Stede Bonnet is hanged at Charleston, after being recaptured.
* [[December 17]] &ndash; The [[Holy Roman Empire]], [[Kingdom of Great Britain]] and [[Dutch Republic]] join the [[Kingdom of France]] in formally declaring war on Spain, launching the [[War of the Quadruple Alliance]].

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Islamization of Sudan]]: The [[Funj]] warrior aristocracy deposes the reigning ''[[Makk|mek]]'' and places one of their own ranks on the throne of [[Kingdom of Sennar|Sennar]].
* The white potato reaches [[New England]] from England.
* [[Coffee]] is grown in [[Surinam (Dutch colony)]].<ref>Wild, Antony (2005). ''[[Coffee: A Dark History]]''. {{ISBN|978-0-393-06071-3}}.</ref></onlyinclude>