Editing 1867 (section)

== Events ==

=== January–March ===
[[File:CovingtonKY JARoeblingBridge.jpg|thumb|[[January 1]]: [[John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge|Roebling]]'s is the longest [[suspension bridge]].]]
[[File:SuezCanalKantara.jpg|thumb|[[February 17]]: [[Suez Canal]] in use.]]
[[File:Alaska Purchase (hi-res).jpg|thumb|[[March 30]]: Alaska bought by check.]]

* [[January 1]] – The [[John A. Roebling Suspension Bridge|Covington–Cincinnati Suspension Bridge]] opens between [[Cincinnati, Ohio]], and [[Covington, Kentucky]], in the United States, becoming the longest single-span bridge in the world. It was renamed after its designer, [[John A. Roebling]], in [[1983]].
* [[January 8]] – [[African-American]] men are granted the right to vote in the [[District of Columbia]].
* [[January 11]] – [[Benito Juárez]] becomes Mexican president again.
* [[January 15]] – [[Regent's Park skating disaster]] in London: 40 people die when ice on a lake breaks.
* [[January 30]] – [[Emperor Kōmei]] of Japan dies suddenly, age 36, leaving his son Mutsuhito to succeed him.
* [[January 31]] – [[Maronite]] nationalist leader [[Youssef Bey Karam]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.ehdenfamilytree.org/getperson.php?personID=I1&tree=ehden |title=Youssef Bey Karam on Ehden Family Tree website |access-date=April 10, 2019 |archive-date=March 29, 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190329220258/https://www.ehdenfamilytree.org/getperson.php?personID=I1&tree=ehden |url-status=dead }}</ref> leaves [[Lebanon]] aboard a French ship for [[Algeria]].
* [[February 3]] – The late [[Emperor Kōmei]]'s 14-year-old son, Prince Mutsuhito, becomes [[Emperor Meiji]] of Japan in a brief ceremony in [[Kyoto]], ending the [[Late Tokugawa shogunate]].
* [[February 7]] – [[West Virginia University]] is established in [[Morgantown, West Virginia|Morgantown]].
* [[February 13]] – The [[Covering of the Senne]] in [[Brussels]] begins.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Demey|first=Thierry|title=Bruxelles, chronique d'une capitale en chantier|volume=1|location=Brussels|publisher=Paul Legrain/C.F.C.-Editions|year=1990}}</ref>
* [[February 14]] – [[Augusta Institute]] is founded in [[Augusta, Georgia]], later known as [[Morehouse College]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.morehouse.edu/about/legacy.html|title=Morehouse College – Morehouse Legacy|first=Morehouse|last=College|website=www.morehouse.edu|access-date=September 26, 2018|archive-date=September 27, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180927035418/http://www.morehouse.edu/about/legacy.html|url-status=dead}}</ref>
* [[February 15]] – [[Johann Strauss II]]'s [[waltz]] ''[[The Blue Danube]]'' (''An der schönen blauen Donau'') is first performed, at a concert of the [[Wiener Männergesang-Verein|Vienna Men's Choral Association]]. Later this year, Strauss will adapt it into its popular purely orchestral version for the [[Exposition Universelle (1867)|Exposition Universelle]] in Paris.
* [[February 19]] – [[Battle of Inlon River]]: The [[Qing dynasty]] defeats the Nien rebels in [[Hubei]], China.
* [[February 22]] – The ''[[Indiana Daily Student]]'' is established at Indiana University in Bloomington.
* [[February 28]] – The [[United States Congress]] forbids taxpayer funding of diplomatic envoys to the [[Holy See]] (Vatican), begun in [[1848]], and breaks off [[Holy See–United States relations|relations]]. Funding resumes, along with relations, in [[1984]].
* [[March]] – The [[University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign]] is established (opened one year later).
* [[March 1]] – [[Nebraska]] is admitted as the 37th [[U.S. state]].
* [[March 5]] – The [[Fenian Rising]] breaks out in Ireland.<ref>{{Cite book|editor1=Moody, T. W. |editor2=Martin, F. X. |year=1967|title=The Course of Irish History|publisher=Mercier Press|location=Cork|page=370}}</ref>
* [[March 16]] – An article by [[Joseph Lister, 1st Baron Lister|Joseph Lister]] outlining his use of [[antiseptic]] [[surgery]] is first published in ''[[The Lancet]]''.
* [[March 23]] – [[William III of the Netherlands]] accepts an offer of 5,000,000 [[Dutch guilder|guilder]]s from [[Napoleon III]] for the sale of [[Luxembourg]], leading to the [[Luxembourg Crisis]].
* [[March 29]] – The [[Constitution of Canada|British North America Act]] receives royal assent, forming the Dominion of Canada, in an event known as the [[Canadian Confederation|Confederation]]. This unites the [[Province of Canada]] ([[Quebec]] and [[Ontario]]), [[New Brunswick]], and [[Nova Scotia]] on [[July 1]]. [[Ottawa]] will become the capital.
* [[March 30]] – [[Alaska Purchase]]: Alaska is purchased for US$7.2&nbsp;million from [[Alexander II of Russia]], about 2 cents/acre ($4.19/km<sup>2</sup>), by [[United States Secretary of State]] [[William H. Seward]]. Newspapers call this ''Seward's Folly''.

=== April–June ===
* [[April 1]] – The Strait Settlement of [[Singapore]], formerly ruled from [[Calcutta]], becomes a [[Crown colony]], under the jurisdiction of the [[Colonial Office]] in London.
* [[April 1]]–[[November 3]] – [[Exposition Universelle (1867)|Exposition Universelle]], an international exhibition in Paris. Among the visitors is [[Abdülaziz]], making the first visit of a [[Sultan of the Ottoman Empire]] to Western Europe.
* [[April 28]] – I.C. Sorosis, the first women's fraternity (sorority) founded upon the men's fraternity model, with ''Pi Beta Phi'' as its motto, is founded at [[Monmouth College]] in Monmouth, Illinois. In [[1888]], the motto becomes the [[Pi Beta Phi|name of the organization]].
* [[May 1]] – The first political [[May Day]] march takes place in Chicago.<ref>Haverty-Stacke, D. T. (2009). ''America’s forgotten holiday: May Day and nationalism, 1867–1960''. New York: New York University Press.</ref>
* [[May 7]] – [[Alfred Nobel]] [[patent]]s [[dynamite]] in the United Kingdom.<ref>{{Citation|url=https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/416842/Alfred-Bernhard-Nobel|encyclopedia=[[Encyclopædia Britannica]]|title=Alfred Nobel|date=May 23, 2023 }}</ref>
* [[May 11]]
** [[Treaty of London (1867)|Treaty of London]]: The [[great power]]s of Europe reaffirm the [[Neutral country|neutrality]] of [[Luxembourg]], ending the [[Luxembourg Crisis]]. The [[Limburg (Netherlands)|Duchy of Limburg]] is formally re-incorporated into the [[Kingdom of the Netherlands]].
** ''[[Cox and Box]]'', by [[Francis Burnand]] and [[Arthur Sullivan]], is first publicly performed, at the [[Adelphi Theatre]], London.
* [[May 24]] – [[Robert William Keate]] becomes [[Colony of Natal#Lieutenant-governors|Lieutenant-governor of the Colony of Natal]].
* [[May 29]]
** The [[Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867|Austro-Hungarian Compromise]] (called ''Ausgleich'' in German or ''kiegyezés'' in Hungarian (''The Compromise'')) is born through Act 12, which establishes the [[Austria-Hungary|Austro-Hungarian Empire]]; on [[June 8]] Emperor [[Franz Joseph I of Austria|Francis Joseph of Austria]] is crowned [[King of Hungary]].
** [[Canadian Confederation]]: [[Queen Victoria]] signs the [[Constitution Act, 1867|British North America Act]], creating the Dominion of Canada, effective [[July 1]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Constitution Act, 1867|url=http://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/Const/page-1.html|publisher=[[Department of Justice (Canada)]]|date=2012-07-09|access-date=2012-08-14}}</ref>
* [[June 15]] – The [[Atlantic Cable Quartz Lode]] gold mine is named in [[Montana]].
[[File:Edouard Manet 022.jpg|thumb|[[Édouard Manet]]'s ''[[Execution of Emperor Maximilian]]'' (1868–1869), is one of five versions of his representation of the execution of the Austrian-born Emperor of Mexico, which took place on June 19, 1867. Manet borrowed heavily, thematically and technically, from Goya's ''[[The Third of May 1808]]''.]]
* [[June 19]] – A [[firing squad]] executes Emperor [[Maximilian of Mexico]] and two of his lieutenants.<ref name=thought />
* [[June 20]] – The first recorded association football match [[Football in Argentina|in Argentina]] takes place in [[Buenos Aires]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Some Information on the Early History of Football in Argentina|url=https://www.rsssf.org/tablesa/arg-early-info.html|access-date=2022-11-28|website=[[RSSSF]]}}</ref>

=== July–September ===
* [[July]] – The Reverend [[Thomas Baker (missionary)|Thomas Baker]], a [[Wesleyan Methodist Church (Great Britain)|Wesleyan Methodist]] [[missionary]] (born in [[Playden]], [[East Sussex]], England) is cooked and eaten by Navatusila tribespeople at Nabutautau, [[Fiji]], together with eight of his local followers, the last missionary in that country to suffer [[Human cannibalism|cannibalism]].
* [[July 1]]
** [[Canadian Confederation]]: The ''[[Constitution Act, 1867|British North America Act]]'' of [[29 March]] comes into force, creating the Dominion of [[Canada]], the first independent dominion in the [[British Empire]].
** The Constitution of the [[North German Confederation]] comes into effect, creating a confederation of states, under the leadership of [[Prussia]] and [[Otto von Bismarck]].
* [[July 9]] – [[Queen's Park F.C.]], the oldest [[association football]] league team in Scotland, is founded.
* [[July 15]] – France declares [[Cambodia]]'s independence from [[Rattanakosin Kingdom|Siam]]; Cambodia becomes a [[protectorate]] of France and Britain.
* [[July 17]] – In [[Boston]], [[Massachusetts]], the [[Harvard School of Dental Medicine]] is established as the first dental school in the United States.
* [[July 18]] – [[The Battle of Fandane-Thiouthioune]]: The [[Serer people]] defeat the Muslim [[Marabout]]s of [[Senegambia]].
* [[August 7]]–[[September 20]] – The [[1867 Canadian federal election|first Canadian election]] sees [[John A. Macdonald]]'s [[Conservative Party of Canada (1867–1942)|Conservatives]] elected to [[1st Canadian Parliament|government]] and Macdonald becomes the Dominion's first [[Prime Minister of Canada|prime minister]].
* [[August 15]] – [[Benjamin Disraeli]]'s [[Reform Act 1867|Second Reform Act]] enfranchises many men in cities for the first time, and adds 938,000 to an electorate of 1,057,000 in [[England and Wales]].<ref name=CBH>{{Cite book|last=Palmer|first=Alan|last2=Palmer |first2=Veronica|year=1992|title=The Chronology of British History|publisher=Century Ltd|location=London|pages=287–288|isbn=0-7126-5616-2}}</ref>
* [[September 2]] – [[Emperor Meiji]] of Japan marries [[Empress Shōken]] (née Masako Ichijō). The [[Empress consort]] is thereafter known as ''Lady Haruko''.
* [[September 4]] – The [[Sheffield Wednesday F.C.]] is founded, at the [[Adelphi Hotel (Sheffield)|Adelphi Hotel]] in [[Sheffield]].
* [[September 14]] – The first volume of ''[[Das Kapital]]'' (later translated into English as ''Capital'') is published by [[Karl Marx]].
* [[September 30]] – The United States takes control of [[Midway Atoll|Midway Island]].

=== October–December ===
[[File:Europe 1867 map en.png|thumb|Europe in 1867, after the forming of the [[North German Confederation]], the [[Italian unification]] (with the exception of the Roman part of the Papal States) and the [[Austro-Hungarian Compromise]].]]
* [[October 12]] – End of [[penal transportation]] from Britain as the last [[convict ship]], the ''[[Hougoumont (ship)|Hougoumont]]'', departs from [[Portsmouth]] on an 89-day passage to [[Western Australia]].<ref name=CBH /> 62 [[Fenian]]s are among the transportees.
* [[October 18]] – Alaska is transferred from Russia to the United States, becoming the [[Department of Alaska]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/u-s-takes-possesion-of-alaska|title=US takes possession of Alaska|publisher=This Day in History|language=en|date=24 November 2009|access-date=31 March 2019}}</ref>
* [[October 21]] – '[[Manifest destiny]]': [[Medicine Lodge Treaty]] – Near Medicine Lodge Creek, Kansas, a landmark treaty is signed by southern [[Great Plains]] Indian leaders, requiring [[Native Americans in the United States|Native American]] Plains tribes to relocate to a reservation in western [[Oklahoma]].
* [[October 27]] – [[Italian unification]]: [[Giuseppe Garibaldi]]'s troops march into the [[Papal States]].
* [[November 2]] – The first issue of the women's fashion magazine ''[[Harper's Bazaar]]'' is published. It is issued weekly, but later monthly.
* [[November 9]] – The last ''[[shōgun]]'' of Japan, [[Tokugawa Yoshinobu]], tenders his resignation to [[Emperor Meiji]].
* [[November 21]] – American temperance crusader [[Carrie Nation]] marries Charles Gloyd.
* [[November 23]] – The three '[[Manchester Martyrs]]' are hanged in England for the murder of a policeman whilst attempting to rescue two [[Irish Republican Brotherhood]] members from imprisonment on 18 September.
* [[December 2]] – In a [[New York City]] theater, English author [[Charles Dickens]] gives his first public reading in the United States.
* [[December 4]] – Beginning of [[British expedition to Abyssinia]].
* [[December 13]] – The [[Clerkenwell explosion]], the most infamous action carried out by the Fenians in Britain in the 19th century.
* [[December 18]] – [[Angola Horror]] (Buffalo, New York-area train wreck): The fiery death of 49 people leads [[John D. Rockefeller]] to develop and sell his Mineral Seal {{convert|300|F}} Fire-Tested Burning Oil, and [[George Westinghouse]] to invent the [[railway air brake]], which is mandated in the United States in [[1893]].<ref>{{Cite journal|first=Charity|last=Vogel|date=2007-11-30|title=The Angola Train Wreck|journal=American History}}</ref>

=== Date unknown ===
* [[Pierre Michaux]] invents the front wheel-driven velocipede, the first mass-produced bicycle.
* South African [[diamond]] fields are discovered.
* The [[Prohibition National Committee]] is formed in the United States.
* [[Clarke School for the Deaf]] in [[Western Massachusetts]] opens its doors for the first time, becoming the first school for the deaf in the United States to teach its children how to communicate using the ''oral method''.
* At [[Fountain Point]], [[Michigan]], an [[artesian water]] spring, begins to gush continuously.
* The modern rose is born, with the introduction of [[Rosa 'La France']] by [[Jean-Baptiste André Guillot]].<ref>{{Cite book|first=D. G.|last=Hessayon|author-link=D. G. Hessayon|title=The Rose Expert|publisher=Mohn Media Mohndrunk|page=9}}</ref>
* [[Gorse]] is naturalised in [[New Zealand]], where it soon becomes the worst invasive weed.
* The [[Swedish famine of 1867–1869]] begins.
* [[Yellow fever]] kills 3,093 in [[New Orleans]].
* The [[Wasps FC|Wasps Rugby Football Club]] is formed in [[Middlesex]], England.
* [[Margarine Unie]], at the time named Antoon Jurgens United, a predecessor of the [[Unilever]], worldwide [[toiletries]], [[beauty care]] and [[beverage]] brand, is founded in [[Netherlands]].<ref>
{{cite book | last= Schiff | first= Eric | title= Industrialization Without National Patents: The Netherlands, 1869-1912; Switzerland, 1850-1907 (Princeton Legacy Library) | date= 2016 | publisher= Princeton University Press | isbn= 978-0691647449| page= 57}}</ref>
* [[Delhaize Group|Delhaize]], as predecessor for [[Ahold Delhaize]], a major retail group in [[Europe]], is founded in [[Belgium]].<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.standaard.be/cnt/dst05072003_094 | title=De onversaagde kruideniers van Delhaize | work=[[De Standaard]] | date=5 July 2007| author=Dendooven, Pascal | language=nl}}</ref>
* The game [[Parcheesi]] is introduced.
* The three western provinces of [[Six Provinces of Southern Vietnam|Lower Cochinchina]] (Vĩnh Long, An Giang, and Hà Tiên) were annexed into the colony of [[French Cochinchina]].

=== Ongoing ===
* [[Paraguayan War]].
* 1867–1873 – Chinese, Scandinavian and Irish immigrants lay {{convert|30000|mi|km}} of railroad tracks in the United States.