Editing 1868 in science (section)

==Biology==
* January 30 – Publication of [[Charles Darwin]]'s ''[[The Variation of Animals and Plants Under Domestication]]'' (by [[John Murray (publishing house)|John Murray]] in [[London]]), including his theory of [[heredity]], which he calls [[pangenesis]].
* [[Jules-Emile Planchon]] and colleagues propose ''[[Phylloxera]]'' as the cause of the [[Great French Wine Blight]].<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.wampumkeeper.com/wineblight.html|title=The Great French Wine Blight|journal=Wine Tidings|volume=96 |accessdate=2011-08-01| archiveurl= https://web.archive.org/web/20110717235415/http://www.wampumkeeper.com/wineblight.html| archivedate= 17 July 2011 | url-status= usurped |date=July–August 1986}}</ref>
* [[Roland Trimen]] reads a paper to the [[Linnaean Society]] explaining [[Batesian mimicry]] in [[Africa]]n [[Butterfly|butterflies]].<ref>Published in ''Transactions'' '''26'''(3) (1870): 497.</ref><ref>{{cite journal|title=Roland Trimen, 1840-1916|jstor=80995|journal=[[Proceedings of the Royal Society B]]|volume=91|issue=641|year=1920|pages=xviii–xxvii|doi=10.1098/rspb.1920.0020|doi-access=free}}</ref>
* [[Thomas Henry Huxley|T. H. Huxley]] discovers what he thinks is primordial matter and names it ''[[Bathybius haeckelii]]''. He admits his mistake in 1871.<ref>{{cite book|last=Ley|first=Willy|authorlink=Willy Ley|year=1959|title=Exotic Zoology|location=New York|publisher=Viking Press|title-link=Exotic Zoology (book)}}</ref>
* The [[Granny Smith]] [[apple]] [[cultivar]] originates in [[Eastwood, New South Wales]], [[Australia]], from a [[chance seedling]] [[Fruit tree propagation|propagated]] by Maria Ann Smith (née Sherwood, 1799–1870).<ref>{{cite web|url=http://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/smith-maria-ann-13199|first=Megan|last=Martin|title=Smith, Maria Ann (1799–1870)|work=[[Australian Dictionary of Biography]]|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|location=Canberra|year=2005|accessdate=2012-01-27}}</ref>