Editing 1906 (section)

== Events ==

=== January–February ===
* [[January 12]] &ndash; [[Persian Constitutional Revolution]]: A nationalistic coalition of merchants, religious leaders and intellectuals in [[Persia]] forces the [[shah]] [[Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar]] to grant a constitution, and establish a national assembly, the [[National Consultative Assembly|Majlis]].
* [[January 16]]–[[April 7]] &ndash; The [[Algeciras Conference]] convenes, to resolve the [[First Moroccan Crisis]] between [[French Third Republic|France]] and [[German Empire|Germany]].
* [[January 22]] &ndash; The {{SS|Valencia}} strikes a reef off [[Vancouver Island]], Canada, killing over 100 (officially 136) in the ensuing disaster.
* [[January 31]] &ndash; The [[1906 Ecuador–Colombia earthquake|Ecuador–Colombia earthquake]] (8.8 on the [[Moment magnitude scale]]), and associated [[tsunami]], cause at least 500 deaths.
* [[February 7]] &ndash; {{HMS|Dreadnought|1906|6}} is launched, sparking a [[Anglo-German naval arms race|naval race between Britain and Germany]].
* [[February 11]] 
** [[Pope Pius X]] publishes the encyclical ''[[Vehementer Nos]]'', denouncing the [[1905 French law on the Separation of the Churches and the State]].
** Two British members of a [[poll tax]] collecting expedition are killed near [[Richmond, KwaZulu-Natal|Richmond, Natal]], sparking the [[Bambatha Rebellion]].<ref name="Stuart">{{cite book|title=History of the Zulu Rebellion 1906|url=https://archive.org/details/historyofzulureb00stua|last=Stuart|first=J.|year=1913|publisher=Macmillan and Co.|location=London}}</ref>
[[File:EcuadorLocation.png|thumb|225px|right| [[January 31]]: [[Ecuador]] earthquake (8.8).]]

=== March–April ===
* [[March 4]] &ndash; Native American tribal governments are terminated in [[Indian Territory]], a prerequisite for creating the US state of [[Oklahoma]] in [[1907]].
* [[March 10]] &ndash; [[Courrières mine disaster]]: An explosion in a coal mine in France kills 1,060.
* [[March 18]] &ndash; In France, Romanian inventor [[Traian Vuia]] becomes the first person to achieve an unassisted takeoff in a heavier-than-air powered [[monoplane]], but it is incapable of sustained flight.
* [[April 14]] &ndash; The [[Azusa Street Revival]], the primary catalyst for the revival of [[Pentecostalism]] this century, opens in [[Los Angeles]].
* [[April 18]]
** The [[1906 San Francisco earthquake|San Francisco Earthquake]] (estimated magnitude 7.8) on the [[San Andreas Fault]] destroys much of San Francisco, California, killing at least 3,000, with 225,000–300,000 left homeless, and $350&nbsp;million in damages.
** [[Xerox]], the global [[Digital electronics|digital]] [[Office equipment|office machine]] brand, is founded in [[Rochester, New York]] as the Haloid Photographic Company.<ref name="xeroxhaloid">[http://www.xerox.com/go/xrx/template/019d.jsp?view=Factbook&id=XAG&Xcntry=USA&Xlang=en_US Online Fact Book: Xerox at a Glance] {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090805182953/http://www.xerox.com/go/xrx/template/019d.jsp?view=Factbook&id=XAG&Xcntry=USA&Xlang=en_US |date=August 5, 2009 }}, xerox.com. Article retrieved December 13, 2006.</ref>
* [[April 23]] &ndash; In the [[Russian Empire]], the [[Russian Constitution of 1906|Fundamental Laws]] are announced at the first state [[Duma]].

[[File:San francisco 1906 earthquake.jpg|thumb|200px|right| The ruins of [[San Francisco]] following the [[April 18]] earthquake and later fires]]

=== May–June ===
* [[May 27]]
** The first inmates are moved to the [[Culion leper colony]] by the American [[Insular Government of the Philippine Islands]].
** [[Gustav Mahler]]'s [[Symphony No. 6 (Mahler)|Symphony No. 6]] receives its premiere at the [[Saalbau Essen]] in Germany conducted by the composer.
* [[May 29]] &ndash; [[Karl Staaff]] steps down as [[Prime Minister of Sweden]] over the issue of expanded voting rights. He is replaced by right-wing naval officer and public official [[Arvid Lindman]].
* [[May 31]] &ndash; [[Morral affair]]: The attempted regicide of Spanish King [[Alfonso XIII]] and Queen [[Victoria Eugenie]] on [[Wedding of King Alfonso XIII and Princess Victoria Eugenie|their wedding]] day instead kills 24 bystanders.<ref>{{Cite book |last1=Avrich |first1=Paul |author-link=Paul Avrich |title=[[The Modern School Movement: Anarchism and Education in the United States]] |chapter=The Martyrdom of Ferrer |date=1980 |isbn=0-691-04669-7 |publisher=[[Princeton University Press]] |location=Princeton |oclc=489692159 |df=mdy-all |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=X6X_AwAAQBAJ&pg=PA3 |access-date=April 17, 2018 |pages=27–28}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last1=Sanabria |first1=Enrique A. |title=Republicanism and Anticlerical Nationalism in Spain |date=2009 |chapter=Republicanism, Anarchism, Anticlericalism, and the Attempted Regicide of 1906 |isbn=978-0-230-61331-7 |publisher=[[Palgrave Macmillan]] |location=New York |df=mdy-all |page=101}}</ref>
* [[June 7]] &ndash; [[Cunard Line|Cunard line]]r {{RMS|Lusitania}} is launched in [[Glasgow]], as the world's largest ship.
* [[June 26]] &ndash; The first [[Grand Prix motor racing|Grand Prix]] in automobile racing is the [[1906 French Grand Prix]] held at [[Le Mans]] in France.

=== July–August ===
* [[July 6]] &ndash; The [[Second Geneva Convention]] meets.
* [[July 12]] &ndash; [[Alfred Dreyfus]] is exonerated. He is reinstalled in the French Army on [[July 21]], thus ending the [[Dreyfus affair]].
* [[July 20]] &ndash; In the [[Grand Duchy of Finland]], a new electoral law is ratified, guaranteeing full [[women's suffrage]], the first in modern Europe.<ref>If the limited rights in the Isle of Man are disregarded. {{cite web | url = https://www.jyu.fi/ajankohtaista/arkisto/2006/03/tiedote-2009-10-01-20-12-22-833815 | title = Suomi valitsi maailman ensimmäiset naiskansanedustajat | last = Kananen | first= Anitta | date = March 2006 | publisher = [[University of Jyväskylä]] | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20131203035928/https://www.jyu.fi/ajankohtaista/arkisto/2006/03/tiedote-2009-10-01-20-12-22-833815 | access-date = July 15, 2021 | archive-date = December 3, 2013 | language = fi}}</ref> Women can also stand in national elections.
* [[August 4]] &ndash; The first [[Imperial German Navy]] [[submarine]], [[SM U-1 (Germany)|''U-1'']], is launched.
* [[August 16]] &ndash; [[1906 Valparaíso earthquake]]: A [[Richter magnitude scale|magnitude]] 8.2 earthquake in [[Valparaíso]], [[Chile]] leaves approximately 20,000 injured.
* [[August 23]] &ndash; Unable to control a rebellion, [[Cuba]]n President [[Tomás Estrada Palma]] requests United States intervention. This leads to the [[Second Occupation of Cuba]], which lasts until [[1909]].

=== September–October ===
* [[September 11]] &ndash; [[Mahatma Gandhi]] coins the term ''[[Satyagraha]]'', to characterize the [[nonviolence]] movement in South Africa.
* [[September 18]] &ndash; A [[typhoon]] and [[tsunami]] kill an estimated 10,000 in Hong Kong.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19061019.2.54|newspaper=[[Auckland Star]]|location=New Zealand|date=1906-10-19|page=5|title=Hongkong Typhoon|access-date=2017-12-30|volume=37|issue=244|quote=Over 1,000 bodies are recovered, but cabled statements are verified that the number of lives lost totalled about 10,000.|archive-date=December 30, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171230172220/https://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/newspapers/AS19061019.2.54|url-status=live}} Retrieved via ''[[Papers Past]]''.</ref>
* [[September 20]] &ndash; The [[RMS Mauretania (1906)|RMS Mauretania]] is launched at the [[River Tyne]] becoming the world’s largest ship.
* [[September 30]] &ndash; The first [[Gordon Bennett Cup in ballooning]] is held, starting in Paris. The winning team, piloting the balloon ''United States'', lands in [[Fylingdales]], [[Yorkshire]], England.
* [[October 1]] &ndash; The [[Grand Duchy of Finland]] becomes the first nation to include the right of women to stand as candidates, when it adopts [[universal suffrage]].
* [[October 6]] &ndash; The [[National Consultative Assembly|Majlis of Iran]] convenes for the first time.
* [[October 11]] &ndash; A United States diplomatic crisis with [[Empire of Japan|Japan]] arises, when the San Francisco public school board orders Japanese students to be taught in racially segregated schools ([[Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907|it is resolved by next year]]).
* [[October 16]] &ndash; Imposter [[Wilhelm Voigt]] impersonates a [[Prussia]]n officer, and takes over the city hall in [[Köpenick]] for a short time.
* [[October 23]] &ndash; An aeroplane of [[Alberto Santos-Dumont]] takes off at [[Château de Bagatelle|Bagatelle]] in France, and flies 60 meters (200&nbsp;feet). This is the first officially recorded powered flight in Europe.
* [[October 28]] &ndash; The [[Union Minière du Haut Katanga]], a Belgian mining trust, is created in the [[Belgian Congo|Congo]].

=== November–December ===
* [[November 1]] &ndash; [[International Exhibition (1906)|International Exhibition]] opens in [[Christchurch]], New Zealand.
* [[November 3]] &ndash; {{overbar|[[SOS]]}} becomes adopted internationally as a [[distress signal]] (originally for ship-to-shore [[wireless telegraphy]]) on inclusion in the service regulations of the first [[International Radiotelegraph Convention (1906)|International Radiotelegraph Convention]] signed in Berlin and coming into effect on 1 July 1908.<ref>{{citation|url=https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044103239133&view=1up&seq=36|title=Article XVI|work=Service Regulations annexed to the International Radiotelegraphic Convention|location=Berlin|date=1906-11-03|page=34|access-date=October 3, 2023|archive-date=November 29, 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231129104414/https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=hvd.32044103239133&view=1up&seq=36|url-status=live}}.</ref>
* [[November 18]] &ndash; The steamboat ''[[Dix (steamboat)|Dix]]'' sinks en route from [[Seattle]] to [[Port Blakely]] claiming the lives of approximately 50 passengers and crew.
* [[November 22]] &ndash; Russian Prime Minister [[Pyotr Stolypin]] introduces [[agrarian reforms]], aimed at creating a large class of land-owning peasants.
* [[December 4]] &ndash; [[Alpha Phi Alpha]] fraternity forms at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York; it is the first Black Greek-lettered collegiate order of its kind.
* [[December 15]] &ndash; The [[London Underground]]'s [[Great Northern, Piccadilly and Brompton Railway]] opens.
* [[December 22]] &ndash; The {{M|w}} 7.9 [[1906 Manasi earthquake]] in Xinjiang, China kills nearly 300 people.<ref name="CHINA: XINJIANG PROVINCE">{{cite web |title=China: Xinjiang Province |url=https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/2794 |website=NGDC NCEI |publisher=NCEI |access-date=17 March 2021 |archive-date=May 7, 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210507222310/https://www.ngdc.noaa.gov/hazel/view/hazards/earthquake/event-more-info/2794 |url-status=live }}</ref>
* [[December 24]] &ndash; [[Reginald Fessenden]] makes the first radio broadcast: a poetry reading, a violin solo, and a speech, from [[Ocean Bluff-Brant Rock, Massachusetts|Brant Rock, Massachusetts]].
* [[December 26]] &ndash; The world's first feature film, ''[[The Story of the Kelly Gang]]'', is first shown, at the [[Melbourne Athenaeum]] in Australia.
* [[December 30]] &ndash; The [[All-India Muslim League]] is founded as a political party in [[Dhaka]] in the [[British Raj]]; it becomes a driving force for the creation of an independent [[Pakistan]].

=== Date unknown ===
* The [[BCG vaccine]] for [[tuberculosis]] is first developed.
* ''[[Függetlenség]]'', a Hungarian language daily newspaper, is founded.<ref>(Hungarian) [http://adattar.vmmi.org/folyoiratszamok/257/letunk_2002.1-2.pdf LÉTÜNK - TÁRSADALOM, TUDOMÁNY, KULTÚRA, 2002.1-2, p.16]</ref>
* [[Richard Dixon Oldham|Richard Oldham]] argues that the Earth has a molten interior.
* Construction begins on the modern-day [[Great Mosque of Djenné]].
* The Simplo Filler Pen Company is founded, later to become the [[Montblanc (company)|Montblanc]] Company in Germany.
* HaRishon Le Zion-Yafo Association is officially founded as a sports club in [[Mutasarrifate of Jerusalem|Palestine]], predecessor of [[Maccabi Tel Aviv]] (Israel).<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.maccabi-tlv.co.il/en/the-club/about-the-club/about-the-club/|title=About the club - Maccabi Tel Aviv Football Club|work=Maccabi Tel Aviv Football Club|access-date=2018-06-12|language=en-US|archive-date=June 12, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180612211115/https://www.maccabi-tlv.co.il/en/the-club/about-the-club/about-the-club/|url-status=live}}</ref>