Editing 447 (section)

== Events ==
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=== By place ===

==== Byzantium ====
* [[November 6]] &ndash; The [[Walls of Constantinople]] are severely damaged by an earthquake, which destroys large parts of the structure, including 57 [[tower]]s. The population is threatened by a plague. Emperor [[Theodosius II]] orders [[Constantine (consul 457)|Constantine]], [[Praetorian prefecture of the East|praetorian prefect of the East]], to supervise the repairs. He employs the city's ''demoi'' ("[[Hippodrome of Constantinople|Circus]] factions") in the work, and rebuilds the walls within 60 days.
* The [[Huns]], led by [[Attila]], cross the [[Danube]], and invade the [[Balkans]] as far as [[Thermopylae]] (Greece). During the invasion, [[History of Sofia|Serdica]] (modern [[Sofia]]) is destroyed. For disobeying the terms of the treaty made in [[AD 442|442]], Attila triples his demand for [[tribute]] to 2,100 pounds (ca. 700 kg) of [[gold]] per year; and the [[ransom]] for each Roman prisoner to 12 ''[[Solidus (coin)|solidi]]''.
* Theodosius II sends an [[Diplomatic mission|embassy]] to Attila; [[Priscus|Priscus of Panium]], envoy for the [[Eastern Roman Empire]]. Priscus records one of the few eyewitness accounts of the Hun kingdom.
* [[Battle of the Utus]]: Attila defeats the [[Late Roman army|Roman army]] near the river [[Utus]] (Vit, Bulgaria). The Huns are forced to abandon the siege of [[Constantinople]]. They march north and plunder the defenseless Balkan provinces (including [[Thrace]], [[Scythia Minor (Roman province)|Scythia]], [[Moesia]], [[Roman Dacia|Dacia]] and [[Illyricum (Roman province)|Illyricum]]).
* Winter &ndash; Theodosius II chooses a policy to protect Constantinople against the Huns. He removes [[Aspar]] and [[Areobindus (consul 434)|Areobindus]] (''[[magister militum]]'') from their military commands.<ref>''The End of Empire'' (p. 144). Christopher Kelly, 2009. {{ISBN|978-0-393-33849-2}}</ref>

==== Europe ====
* [[Vortigern]], [[king of the Britons]], receives the [[Anglo-Saxons|Saxon]] leaders [[Hengist and Horsa]] "as friends" and grants the brothers the [[Isle of Thanet]], most easterly point of [[Kingdom of Kent|Kent]] (England).

=== By topic ===

==== Arts and Sciences ====
* The first entry in the ''[[Annales Cambriae|Annales Cambriæ]]'' refers to this year.

==== Religion ====
* [[Germanus of Auxerre|Germanus]], [[Ancient Diocese of Auxerre|bishop of Auxerre]], makes his second visit to [[Great Britain|Britain]]. He spiritually combats the revived [[Pelagianism|Pelagian]] threat and expels the [[Irish people|Irish]] from [[Powys]] (Wales).
* The [[Councils of Toledo|Synod of Toledo]] (Spain) tries to add the [[Filioque|filioque clause]] to the [[Nicene Creed]]. The [[Eastern Orthodox Church]] refuses to go along with this idea.
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