Editing 613 (section)

== Events ==
<onlyinclude>

=== By place ===
==== Byzantine Empire ====
* Emperor [[Heraclius]] marries his niece [[Martina (empress)|Martina]]; she becomes empress (''[[Augusta (honorific)|Augusta]]'') of the [[Byzantine Empire]]. This second [[marriage]] is considered to fall within the [[prohibited degree of kinship]], and is approved by the [[Catholic Church]] in [[Constantinople]].
* [[January 22]] &ndash; [[Constantine III (Byzantine emperor)|Constantine]] is crowned co-emperor (''[[Caesar (title)|Caesar]]'') by his father Heraclius and shortly after betrothed to his cousin, [[Gregoria]], daughter of [[Nicetas (cousin of Heraclius)|Nicetas]]. Only 8 months old, Constantine has no real power and his dynastic title is purely [[Ceremony|ceremonial]].
* [[Byzantine–Sasanian War of 602–628#Persian dominance|Byzantine–Persian War]]: Heraclius appoints himself [[commander-in-chief]], along with his brother [[Theodore (brother of Heraclius)|Theodore]] (''[[curopalates]]''), to solidify command of the army.<ref>[[Walter Kaegi|Walter Emil Kaegi]] (2003), ''Heraclius, Emperor of Byzantium'', Cambridge University Press, p. 75. {{ISBN|0-521-81459-6}}</ref>
* [[Battle of Antioch (613)|Battle of Antioch]]: Heraclius [[Mobilization|mobilises]] a Byzantine expeditionary force to [[Antioch]] ([[Syria]]), but is completely defeated outside the city by the Persians. [[Shahin Vahmanzadegan]] makes further inroads into Central and [[Chalcedon|Western Anatolia]].{{sfn|Foss|1975}} In Syria, [[Shahrbaraz]] captures the cities of [[Damascus]], [[Apamea, Syria|Apamea]] and [[Homs|Emesa]].

==== Europe ====
* King [[Theuderic II]] dies of [[dysentery]] in the [[Austrasia]]n capital of [[Metz]], while preparing a campaign against his longtime enemy, [[Chlothar II]]. His grandmother [[Brunhilda of Austrasia|Brunhilda]] attempts to establish a third [[Regency (government)|regency]] for her illegitimate great-grandson [[Sigebert II]].
* Chlothar II reunites the [[Francia|Frankish Kingdom]] by ordering the murder of Sigebert II. He accuses Brunhilda, age 70, of killing ten kings of the [[Franks]] (according to the ''[[Liber Historiae Francorum]]''). She is dragged to death behind a wild horse at [[Abbeville]].

==== Britain ====

* [[Battle of Chester]]: King [[Æthelfrith]] of [[Northumbria]] invades [[Kingdom of Gwynedd|Gwynedd]] (northwest Wales), in order to route out his old enemy, [[Edwin of Northumbria|Edwin of Deira]]. A united [[Celtic Britons|Brythonic]] force (Gwynedd, [[Powys]], [[Pengwern]] and [[Dumnonia]]n warriors) is defeated near [[Chester]].<ref>The ''[[Anglo-Saxon Chronicle]]'' (E) records this battle under the year 605, but this is considered incorrect; see [[Michael Swanton]]'s translation of the ''ASC'' (1996, 1998, paperback), page 23, note 2. Between 613/616 is the generally accepted date, as first proposed by [[Charles Plummer (historian)|Charles Plummer]], ''Venerabilis Beda Opera Historica'' (1896)</ref>

==== Asia ====
* [[Goguryeo–Sui War]]: Emperor [[Emperor Yang of Sui|Yángdi]] crosses the [[Liao River]] again, and puts [[Manchuria]] under [[siege]]. During the campaign [[Yang Xuangan]], an official of the [[Sui dynasty]], starts a rebellion near [[Luoyang]]. Fearing attacks from two fronts, Yángdi is forced to retreat his army.   
* [[Isanapura]] becomes the capital of the [[Cambodia]]n kingdom of [[Chenla]] (approximate date).

=== By topic ===
==== Religion ====
* Islam: [[Muhammad]] begins preaching in public. He spreads the message of Islam and encourages a personal devotion to God. Quraysh leaders of [[Mecca]] oppose any change in the traditional tribal and religious customs.