Editing ABC Kids (TV programming block) (section)

==History==
{{main|Children's programming on the American Broadcasting Company}}

===Disney's One Saturday Morning===
[[File: Disney's One Saturday Morning.png|thumb|right|Disney's One Saturday Morning logo used from 1997 to 2002]]
[[The Walt Disney Company]] purchased ABC corporate parent [[Capital Cities Communications|Capital Cities/ABC Inc.]] in 1995. The merger was completed the following year, and in the fall of 1996, ABC's Saturday Morning lineup debuted the [[List of Doug episodes|fifth season]] of ''[[Doug (TV series)|Doug]]'' (which had been acquired from [[Nickelodeon]] that year) the third season of ''[[Gargoyles (TV series)|Gargoyles]]'' (which had previously aired on [[The Disney Afternoon]]), ''[[Mighty Ducks: The Animated Series|Mighty Ducks]]'', and ''[[Jungle Cubs]].''<ref>{{cite web |author=Christopher Grove |date=August 29, 1997 |title=Webs roll out season geared to kids |url=https://www.variety.com/1997/tv/news/webs-roll-out-season-geared-to-kids-1116678415 |access-date=August 13, 2009 |work=Variety |publisher=Reed Business Information}}</ref><ref name=":0">{{cite magazine |last=Rice |first=Lynette |date=April 7, 1997 |title=ABC Shuffles Saturday |url=https://www.worldradiohistory.com/Archive-All-BC/Broadcasting-Magazine/BC-1997/BC-1997-04-07.pdf |magazine=Broadcasting & Cable}}</ref> The following spring, it debuted the original animated series [[Nightmare Ned (TV series)|''Nightmare Ned'']] and began airing reruns of ''[[DuckTales (1987 TV series)|Ducktales]]''.<ref name=":0" /> It was one of two networks at the time that prominently carried Disney programming on Saturday mornings, as [[CBS]] also carried Disney cartoons (which were mostly television spin-offs of [[Disney Renaissance]] films).

In February 1997, Peter Hastings left [[Warner Bros. Animation]] and joined Disney, where he was tasked with overhauling ABC's Saturday morning lineup. Disney head [[Michael Eisner]] sought to create a [[Saturday morning cartoon|Saturday morning]] block that was different from those carried by its competitors [[Fox Kids]] and [[Kids' WB]]. Hastings pitched an idea around the concept that Saturday is different from every other day of the week, and the representation of weekdays as buildings. Hastings also proposed the use of virtual set technology; although he knew a bit about it at the time and the technology used was just starting to be developed, Disney and ABC liked the idea. He hired [[Prudence Fenton]] as consultant manager and co-executive producer. Together, they sampled virtual set technology at the 1997 [[NAB Show]] and chose technology developed by [[Accom]] and ELSET. Rutherford Bench Productions, which had previously worked with Disney on other projects, hired Pacific Ocean Post (now POP Sound) to produce the virtual set. The building was initially a drawing of [[Grand Central Terminal]] with a roller coaster added but evolved into a towering mechanical structure. Even the interior has similarities such as a central high raised room, with two wings on the left and right sides and another on the south side.<ref>{{cite web|title=ABC hopes for virtual success|url=https://variety.com/1997/digital/news/abc-hopes-for-virtual-success-1116677612/|author=Michael Goldman|work=[[Variety (magazine)|Variety]]|publisher=[[Reed Business Information]]|date=September 15, 1997|access-date=August 13, 2009}}</ref>

On September 13, 1997, Disney's One Saturday Morning premiered as a two-hour sub-block within the ABC Saturday Morning lineup.<ref>{{cite web|title=Webs roll out season geared to kids|url=https://www.variety.com/1997/tv/news/webs-roll-out-season-geared-to-kids-1116678415|author=Christopher Grove|work=Variety|publisher=Reed Business Information|date=August 29, 1997|access-date=August 13, 2009}}</ref> It was originally scheduled to premiere the Saturday prior on September 6, but coverage by all U.S. networks of the [[Funeral of Diana, Princess of Wales|funeral of Princess Diana]] pushed back the premiere by one week to September 13. Disney's One Saturday Morning featured two parts: three hours of regularly scheduled cartoons and a two-hour flagship show that included feature segments, comedy skits, and the virtual world which Hastings had proposed, along with newer episodes of three animated series: ''[[Doug (TV series)|Doug]]'', ''[[Recess (TV series)|Recess]]'' and ''[[Pepper Ann]]''.

''Doug'', ''Recess'' and ''Pepper Ann'' were each nominally given 40-minute timeslots. The extended 10 minutes during each show's slot were for One Saturday Morning's interstitial segments and educational features. The live-action wraparound segments were originally hosted by Charlie (portrayed by [[Jessica Prunell]]) for the block's first season in 1997, and later by MeMe ([[Valarie Rae Miller]]) starting in September 1998 until 2000; the segments also featured an elephant named Jelly Roll (voiced by stand-up comedian and actor [[Brad Garrett]]), who served as a sidekick to the human host, while the eccentric Manny the Uncanny ([[Paul Rugg]]), host of his own standalone segment where he visited and observed different jobs, made occasional appearances outside that segment.

''[[Schoolhouse Rock!]]'', a longtime essential of ABC's Saturday morning block since 1973, also aired as an interstitial segment during ''[[The Bugs Bunny Show|The Bugs Bunny and Tweety Show]]'' (along shorts airing on Nickelodeon until 1999), likewise a carryover from the pre-Disney era (it would continue until ABC's contract with then-[[AOL Time Warner]] expired in 2000).

Disney’s One Saturday Morning was initially a massive success, beating [[Fox Kids]] during its first season to be the most-watched Saturday morning block on broadcast television.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://variety.com/1998/tv/news/abc-kids-block-tops-fox-on-saturday-1117470615/|title=ABC kids block tops Fox on Saturday|last=Katz|first=Richard|date=May 8, 1998|work=Variety|access-date=July 14, 2018|language=en-US}}</ref> It remained competitive in its second season, beating all of Fox Kids' shows except ''[[Power Rangers]]''.<ref name="lat99">{{cite news|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1999-mar-09-fi-15344-story.html|date=March 9, 1999|title=The One That Got Away : With 'Doug,' Nickelodeon's Loss May Be Disney's Gain|author=Claudia Eller|work=[[Los Angeles Times]]|access-date=October 23, 2014}}</ref> The third season remained competitive with its broadcast peers on Fox and [[Kids WB]], with ''[[The Weekenders]]'' being a bright spot for the block; the new series dethroned  anime show ''[[Pokémon (TV series)|Pokémon]]'' to become broadcast television's most-watched Saturday morning cartoon, though all of the broadcast networks had fallen behind Nickelodeon.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://variety.com/2000/tv/news/the-weekenders-defeats-pokemon-1117781251/  |title='The Weekenders' defeats 'Pokemon' |publisher=Variety|date=2000-05-05 |first=Michael |last=Schneider}}</ref>

The block received a new brand identity in the fall of 2000; this was followed by the shorts and hosted segments being retired on December 16 in a reformatting of the ABC block. By this time, the interstitials within the block were relegated to bumpers and [[promo (media)|program promotions]]. The change proved to be disastrous; by February 2001, ratings had fallen to less than half of its competitors' on Fox, The WB and Nickelodeon.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.animenewsnetwork.com/news/2001-02-19/fox-kids-wins-broadcast-ratings| title=Fox Kids wins Broadcast Ratings| work=[[Anime News Network]]| date=2001-02-19| access-date=2018-11-02}}</ref> In Fall 2001, live-action series were added to the One Saturday Morning lineup with the addition of the "Zoog Hour," an hour-long sub-block featuring the [[Disney Channel Original Series|Disney Channel original series]] ''[[Lizzie McGuire]]'' and ''[[Even Stevens]]'' (the sub-block, advertised in promos for Disney’s One Saturday Morning promoting the two programs as "powered by Zoog," was named after Disney Channel's weekend programming block at the time, Zoog Disney).

A spin-off of Disney's One Saturday Morning, [[Disney's One Too]], premiered on [[UPN]] on September 6, 1999; produced through a time-lease agreement between Disney and UPN, the block aired each weekday (either in the morning or afternoon, depending on the station's preference) and on Sunday mornings, and featured many of the programs shown on One Saturday Morning (including ''Recess'', ''Pepper Ann'' and ''[[Sabrina: The Animated Series]]'').<ref>{{cite web|title=Mouse brands UPN kidvid|url=https://variety.com/1999/tv/news/mouse-brands-upn-kidvid-1117743063/|author=Chris Pursell|work=Variety|publisher=Reed Business Information|date=July 19, 1999|access-date=August 13, 2009}}</ref>

===ABC Kids===
On July 23, 2001, the Walt Disney Company purchased [[ABC Family Worldwide|Fox Family Worldwide]], primarily for its [[Television networks preceding Freeform#Fox Family|Fox Family Channel]], which was included in the sale as well as [[Saban Entertainment]], a company in which Fox purchased a 50% interest in 1994.<ref name=FoxFamilySell>{{cite news|title=News Corp. and Haim Saban Reach Agreement to Sell Fox Family Worldwide to Disney for $5.3 Billion |url=https://www.saban.com/html/press/010723.html |work=[[Saban Entertainment]] |date=July 23, 2001 |access-date=February 19, 2009 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090202154922/http://saban.com/html/press/010723.html |archive-date=February 2, 2009 |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref name="SellToDisney">{{cite news|title=Fox Family costs Mouse less cheese in final deal|url=https://variety.com/2001/tv/news/fox-family-costs-mouse-less-cheese-in-final-deal-1117854788/|author=Carl DiOrio|work=Variety|publisher=Reed Business Information|date=October 24, 2001|access-date=August 13, 2009}}</ref> On September 14, 2002, ABC rebranded its Saturday morning block, as a subtle nod to the [[Fox Kids]] brand acquired by Disney through its purchase of Fox Family Worldwide, to ABC Kids (as a result of the sale, Fox Kids ceased to exist; Fox's children's program lineups would be handled from that point onward by [[4Kids TV|4Kids Entertainment]] until 2008).<ref name="ABC Kids">{{cite web|title=Kid skeds tread on joint strategy|url=https://variety.com/2002/tv/news/kid-skeds-tread-on-joint-strategy-1117873477/|author=Paula Bernstein|work=Variety|publisher=Reed Business Information|date=September 29, 2002|access-date=August 13, 2009}}</ref>

The renamed block originally contained a mix of first-run programs exclusive to the block, as well as reruns of several original series from both [[Disney Channel]] and [[Toon Disney]]. ''[[NBA Inside Stuff]]'' also began airing on the block as a result of ABC's acquisition of the broadcast television rights to the [[National Basketball Association|NBA]] from [[NBA on NBC|NBC]] (where the series originally premiered in 1990), starting with the [[2002–03 NBA season|2002–03 season]]'s [[National Basketball Association Christmas games|Christmas Day game]]; ''Inside Stuff'' continued to air on ABC Kids until 2004. The series premiere of Disney Channel's ''[[Lilo & Stitch: The Series]]'' was also held on ABC Kids on September 20, 2003, with a delayed premiere on Disney Channel on October 12, 2003. The new block ditched the imagery of the ''One Saturday Morning'' era in favor of a sports stadium motif, which, in 2006, was changed to a rock concert design that remained throughout the last five years of ABC Kids.

Through Disney's acquisition of Saban Entertainment, the ''Power Rangers'' series moved from Fox Kids to the ABC Kids block. All first-run episodes from the franchise premiered on ABC Kids starting with the second half of the show's ''[[Power Rangers: Wild Force|Wild Force]]'' season (starting with the episode "Unfinished Business"), with the entirety of the ''Wild Force'' and ''[[Power Rangers: Ninja Storm|Ninja Storm]]'' seasons subsequently airing in reruns on [[Freeform (TV channel)|ABC Family]] (the former season aired in part both before the introduction of and during the [[Freeform (TV channel)|ABC Family Action Block]]). However, when Toon Disney and ABC Family jointly launched the action-oriented [[Jetix]] block in 2004, Jetix handled all first-run episode debuts of subsequent seasons from ''[[Power Rangers: Dino Thunder|Dino Thunder]]'' to ''[[Power Rangers: Jungle Fury|Jungle Fury]]'', while ABC Kids aired these seasons in reruns. Due to the low ratings of the ''Jungle Fury'' season, as well as the merger between Jetix and Toon Disney to form [[Disney XD]] in 2009, the ''[[Power Rangers RPM|RPM]]'' season aired exclusively on ABC Kids. After production on ''RPM'' had concluded, instead of producing a new season, Disney produced a re-version of the first 32 episodes of ''[[Mighty Morphin Power Rangers]]'', which included a new logo, an updated title sequence, comic book-referenced graphics, and extra alternative visual effects. The re-version aired from January 2 to August 28, 2010 (the 17th anniversary of ''Power Rangers''), after which Haim Saban bought the franchise back and [[Nickelodeon]] acquired broadcast rights to the series.

In the 2004–05 season, ABC Kids dropped its two remaining original series, ''[[Fillmore!]]'' and ''Recess'' (the latter of which was airing in reruns on the block since it ended in 2001). With the transfer of [[Walt Disney Television Animation]] to [[Disney Channels Worldwide]], ABC fulfilled the FCC's three-hour quota by carrying select episodes of Disney Channel live-action comedies and animated series (anywhere between 9 and 13 episodes from a given season) featuring moral lessons and/or educational anecdotes. The episodes were selected by both the "Standards and Practices" division of the network and any educational consultants who were attached to the shows. ''[[The Replacements (TV series)|The Replacements]]'' and ''[[Hannah Montana]]'' were the last two Disney Channel series to be added to the block in Fall 2006. Beginning with the 2007–08 season, ABC Kids programming (with the exception of ''Power Rangers'') became fully automated, putting the same handful of episodes of each show (''The Emperor's New School'', ''The Replacements'', ''[[That's So Raven]]'', ''Hannah Montana'' and ''[[The Suite Life of Zack & Cody]]'') on a permanent rotation for the block's remaining four years.

===Closure===
In March 2010, ABC made the decision to cease providing a three-hour block of [[E/I|E/I-compliant]], repurposed Disney Channel programming sent to its own stations and ABC affiliates. The network chose to lease out the three-hour timeslot and seek other programmers for an agreement to produce a syndicated block, not for the network, but for each ABC station as the network was turning the E/I responsibility back to local ABC stations.

A month later, ABC's affiliate board announced that it had reached a deal with [[Litton Entertainment]], a production company which produced syndicated programming (including educational programs aimed at youth), to produce six, all-new, original half-hour E/I series exclusively for ABC stations for the 2011–12 season.<ref>{{cite web|title=Litton Entertainment to Produce and Distribute Original Programming for ABC Stations for Fall 2011|url=http://www.thefutoncritic.com/news/2010/04/19/litton-entertainment-to-produce-and-distribute-original-programming-for-abc-stations-for-fall-2011-35358/20100419litton01/|work=Litton Entertainment|publisher=The Futon Critic|date=April 19, 2010|access-date=May 11, 2020}}</ref>

The block aired for the last time on August 27, 2011 without any announcement of its closure, and was quietly replaced by [[Litton's Weekend Adventure]] the following week on September 3.<ref name="ABCLitton"/><ref name="Littonannouncement"/><ref name="LittonSept3"/>