Editing Addis Ababa University (section)

==History==
[[File:Parco dell'università di addis abeba, 12.jpg|thumb|left|J. F. Kennedy Library of Addis Ababa University.]]
The origins of AAU was a two-year college on 20 March 1950 by the Jesuit [[Lucien Matte]], at the appeal of ''His Majesty Emperor'' [[Haile Selassie|Haile Selassie I]].<ref>{{Cite book|title=Higher Education in Ethiopia|last=Trudeau|first=Eduard|year=1964|location=Montreal}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=AAU at a glance {{!}} Addis Ababa University |url=https://www.aau.edu.et/about/aau-at-glance/#:~:text=Addis%20Ababa%20University%20(AAU),,and%20research%20institution%20in%20Ethiopia. |access-date=2025-01-08 |website=www.aau.edu.et}}</ref> It began operations the following year. Over the following two years an affiliation with the [[University of London]], and [[University of Oxford]] was developed. Africans from various parts of the continent would receive free scholarships through  programs subsidized by the [[Organisation of African Unity]] for higher learning. AAU was also known for sending its students abroad for an extended interpersonal educational experience, and having those students return with the exemplary standards of the international community.

The nucleus of AAU was formed with the establishment of the University College of Addis Ababa (UCAA) in 1950.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Three Decades of University Education|publisher=Addis Ababa University|year=1980|location=Addis Ababa}}</ref> UCAA, which initially consisted of the Faculties of Arts and Science, became a fully fledged college when it was chartered in 1954. In 1955, the Building College was opened. In February 1961, these various colleges and the Theological College were brought together to form the Haile Selassie University. ''Emperor'' Haile Selassie I gave his [[Guenete Leul Palace]] to serve as the administration building and main campus. He had abandoned the palace, where a number of his ministers and favorites were killed in the wake of the abortive Coup d'état in 1960, in favor of the new Jubilee Palace.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Haile|first=Fisseha|title=Addis Ababa University: a Study of an Institution 1961–1981|journal=PICES|volume=1|pages=491–507}}</ref> Following the 1974 revolution, the university was briefly renamed University of Ethiopia (National University) before it came to assume its present designation, AAU, in 1975.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Semru|first=Mulugeta|title=The Development of Higher Education in Ethioipa|journal=PICES|volume=1|pages=215–231}}</ref> In the wake of the revolution, AAU was closed for two years and students and staff were drafted into what was known as the Development through Cooperation Campaign (''zemecha''), designed to arise the awareness of the rural population in the spirit of the revolution.<ref name=":2">{{Cite journal|last=Balsvik|first=Randi Rønning|date=2009|title=Addis Ababa University in the Shadow of the Derg, 1974-1991|journal=Proceedings of the 16th International Conference of Ethiopian Studies|pages=265}}</ref> The university offered its first Master's programs in 1979 and its first PhD programs in 1987.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|title=The Development of Higher Education and Social Change, an Ethiopian Experience|last=Wagaw|first=Teshome|publisher=Michigan State University Press|year=1990|location=East Lansing}}</ref>

=== Administration ===
[[File:Lucien Matte and Emperor of Ethiopia.jpg|thumbnail|[[Emperor Haile Selassie]] (center) and French Canadian Jesuit, Fr. Lucien Matte, SJ (right) at the university, 1951]]
Until 1974 the charter provided for a governance structure in the following descending order or authority: Chancellor (the Emperor himself); the Board of Governors, composed of ministers and members of the royal family; and the Faculty Council, made up of the university officers, deans, directors and elected members. The Faculty later became the Senate. In 1977, [[Duri Mohammed]] was appointed president of AAU, under his leadership the academy was preserved and even saw its resurgence despite the turbulent times amid the [[Ethiopian Revolution|Ethiopian inserruction]].<ref>{{cite book |title=Report of the Addis Ababa University Revitalization Study Committee |date=2020 |publisher=Ethiopian Ministry of Education |page=49 |url=https://moe.gov.et/storage/Books/FINAL%20Main%20AAU%20Revitalization%20Plan.pdf}}</ref> The AAU also lost its relative autonomy when it was brought under the Commission for Higher Education, which came to exercise administrative jurisdiction over all institutions of higher learning.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{cite web |title=AAU Leadership |url=http://www.aau.edu.et/aau-leadership/ |website=Addis Ababa University}}</ref> In 1993, AAU was placed under the [[Ministry of Education (Ethiopia)|Ministry of Education]] by a government proclamation. The incoming transitional government appointed Duri Mohammed as president once again, a purging of 42 staff members which included [[Asrat Woldeyes]] and former president Alemayehu Teferra ensued.<ref>{{cite book |author=Taye Assefa |title=Academic Freedom in Ethiopia Perspectives of Teaching Personnel |date=2008 |publisher=Forum for Social Studies |page=47 |isbn=978-99944-50-20-6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A_qnbcFvUPkC}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=42 University instructors dismissed on political grounds to be reinstated |date=24 July 2018 |publisher=borkena |url=https://borkena.com/2018/07/23/42-university-instructors-dismissed-on-political-grounds-to-be-reinstated/}}</ref>