Editing Agra Fort (section)

==History==
[[File:Maharaja Hemu Bhargava - Victor of Twenty Two Pitched Battles, 1910s.jpg|thumb|left|Agra Fort captured by [[Hemu]] before the [[Battle of Delhi (1556)]]]]
[[File:The Fort Delhi Gate dli A136 cor.jpg|left|thumb|Samuel Bourne, "[https://library.nga.gov/permalink/01NGA_INST/1cl1g8d/alma991734193504896 The Fort. Delhi Gate. Agra]", 1863–1869, photograph mounted on cardboard sheet, [https://www.nga.gov/research/library/imagecollections.html Department of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, D.C.]]]
After the [[First Battle of Panipat]] in 1526, [[Babur]] stayed in the fort, in the palace of Ibrahim Lodi. He later built a [[baoli]] (step well) in it. His successor, [[Humayun]], was crowned in the fort in 1530. He was defeated at [[Bilgram]] in 1540 by [[Sher Shah Suri]]. The fort remained with the Suris till 1555, when Humayun recaptured it. [[Adil Shah Suri]]'s general, [[Hemu]], recaptured Agra in 1556 and pursued its fleeing governor to Delhi where he met the Mughals in the [[Battle of Tughlaqabad]].<ref name="jnsarkar">{{cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qoRDAAAAYAAJ | title=Military History of India | publisher=Orient Longman | last=Sarkar | first=Jadunath | author-link=Jadunath Sarkar | year=1960 | pages=66–67| isbn=9780861251551 }}</ref>

[[File:Diwan-E-Aam Inside.JPG|thumb|''Diwan-i-Aam'', Hall of Public Audience]]
Realising the importance of its central situation, Akbar made it his capital, and arrived in Agra in 1558. His historian, [[Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak|Abul Fazl]], recorded that this was a brick fort known as 'Badalgarh'. It was in a ruined condition and Akbar had it rebuilt with red [[sandstone]] from Barauli area [[Dholpur district|Dhaulpur district]], in [[Rajasthan]].<ref name=fort>{{cite book|title=Forts of India|last=Verma|first=Amrit|year=1985|publisher=The Director of Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India|location=New Delhi|pages=78–80|isbn=81-230-1002-8}}</ref> Architects laid the foundation and it was built with bricks in the inner core with sandstone on external surfaces. Some 4,000 builders worked on it daily for eight years, completing it in 1573.<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.55649/page/n381/mode/1up | title=The Akbarnama of Abul Fazl Vol. 2 | year=1907 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_whs_agrafort.asp |title=Agra Fort (1983), Uttar Pradesh – Archaeological Survey of India |access-date=19 May 2013 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091203060952/http://www.asi.nic.in/asi_monu_whs_agrafort.asp |archive-date=3 December 2009 |url-status=dead |df=dmy-all }}</ref>

It was only during the reign of Akbar's grandson, [[Shah Jahan]], that the site took on its current state. Shah Jahan built the [[Taj Mahal]] in the memory of his wife, [[Mumtaz Mahal]]. Unlike his grandfather, Shah Jahan tended to have buildings made from [[white marble]]. When [[Shah Jahan]] suddenly fell ill, a bloody [[Mughal war of succession (1658–1659)|war of succession]] broke out between his sons, where [[Aurangzeb|Aurangazeb]] was victorious. Aurangazeb would go on to place his father under house arrest in Agra fort.

The fort was under the [[Jat people|Jat]] rulers of [[Bharatpur State|Bharatpur]] for 13 years. In the fort, they built the 'Ratan Singh ki Haveli'. The fort was invaded and captured by the [[Maratha Empire]] in the early 18th century. Thereafter, it changed hands between the Marathas and their foes many times. After their catastrophic defeat at [[Third Battle of Panipat]] by [[Ahmad Shah Abdali]] in 1761, Marathas remained out of the region for the next decade. Finally [[Mahadji Shinde]] took the fort in 1785. It was lost by the Marathas to the [[East India Company|British]] during the [[Second Anglo-Maratha War]] in 1803.<ref name=fort/> The fort was the site of a battle during the [[Indian rebellion of 1857]] which caused the end of the [[British East India Company]]'s rule in India and led to a century of direct rule in India by [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|Britain]].<ref name=fort/><ref>{{cite book|title=Delhi, Agra, Fatehpur Sikri: Monuments, Cities and Connected Histories|year=2021|first=Shashank Shekhar |last=Sinha|isbn=9789389104097|publisher=Pan Macmillan|page=88}}</ref>

[[File:Scene of the gunpowder explosion at Agra Fort, 29 November 1871.jpg|thumb|Scene of the gunpowder explosion at Agra Fort, 29 November 1871]]
On 30 November 1871, thirty six people died when a cartridge factory located inside the fort exploded.<ref name="ILN 1872">{{cite news |title=The Explosion at Agra |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0cdGU9T66vUC&pg=PA10 |access-date=28 December 2020 |volume=6 |publisher=The Illustrated London News |date=6 January 1872 |pages=9–10}}</ref>