Editing Allen Carr (section)

==Biography==
Born in [[Putney]], London,<ref>{{cite journal| journal=[[BMJ (company)|BMJ]]|title=Allen Carr|author=Day, Michael|url=https://www.bmj.com/content/333/7581/1273|date=14 December 2006|volume=333 |issue=7581 |page=1273 |doi=10.1136/bmj.39059.581123.FA |pmc=1702447 |access-date=6 February 2022}}</ref> Carr started smoking cigarettes while doing [[National Service]] aged 18. He qualified as an accountant in 1958.
Carr finally stopped smoking on 15 July 1983, aged 48, after a visit to a hypnotherapist. However, it wasn't the [[hypnotherapy]] itself that enabled him to stop – "I succeeded in spite of and not because of that visit" and "I lit up the moment I left the clinic and made my way home...". There were two key pieces of information that enabled Carr to stop later that day. First, the hypnotherapist told him smoking was "just nicotine addiction", which Carr had never perceived before that moment, i.e. that he was an addict. Second, his son John lent him a medical handbook which explained that the physical withdrawal from nicotine is just like an "empty, insecure feeling".<ref>''Packing it in the Easy Way'' pp.&nbsp;110–116, Penguin, 2005</ref> He claims that these two realisations crystallised in his mind just how easy it was to stop and so then enabled him to follow an overwhelming desire to explain his method to as many smokers as possible.<ref>''The Only Way To Stop Smoking Permanently'' page 8, Penguin, 1995</ref>

===Philosophy===
Carr teaches that smokers do not receive a boost from smoking a cigarette, and that smoking only relieves the withdrawal symptoms from the previous cigarette, which in turn creates more withdrawal symptoms once ''it'' is finished. In this way the drug addiction perpetuates itself. He asserted that the "relief" smokers feel on lighting a cigarette, the feeling of being "back to normal", is the feeling experienced by non-smokers all the time. He further asserted that withdrawal symptoms are actually created by doubt and fear in the mind of the ex-smoker, and therefore that stopping smoking is not as traumatic as is commonly assumed, if that doubt and fear can be removed.

At Allen Carr Clinics during stop-smoking sessions, smokers are allowed to continue smoking while their doubts and fears are removed, with the aim of encouraging and developing the mindset of a non-smoker before the final cigarette is extinguished. A further reason for allowing smokers to smoke while undergoing counselling is Carr's belief that it is more difficult to convince a smoker to stop until they understand the mechanism of "the nicotine trap". This is because their attention is diminished while they continue to believe it is traumatic and extremely difficult to quit and continue to maintain the belief that they are dependent on nicotine.

Another assertion unique to Carr's method is that willpower is not required to stop smoking.

His contention was that fear of "giving up" is what causes the majority of smokers to continue smoking, thereby necessitating the smoker's perpetuation of the illusion of genuine enjoyment as a moral justification of the inherent absurdity of smoking in the face of overwhelming medical and scientific evidence of its dangers.  Instead, he encourages smokers to think of the act of quitting, not as giving up, but as "escaping".

===Easyway===

Carr left his accountancy job in 1983 and set up his first ''Easyway'' clinic. He wrote ten books which appeared as bestsellers on selected book ranking charts including his first book  ''[[The Easy Way to Stop Smoking]]'' (1985). The success of the original London clinic, through word-of-mouth and direct recommendation, has led to a worldwide network of 100 Easyway clinics in 50 countries plus the production of online video programmes, audiobooks, audio CDs, games and DVDs. Seminars are now offered to stop smoking, stop drinking, quit drugs, lose weight and stop gambling.

Allen Carr's Easyway is clinically tested through two randomised controlled trials. In 2018 an Irish trial found that Allen Carr's Easyway was almost twice as effective as Quit.ie<ref>{{cite journal|title=Allen Carr's Easyway to Stop Smoking – A randomised clinical trial | date=2019 |url=https://tobaccocontrol.bmj.com/content/28/4/414?rss=1|publisher=Alan Carr| pmid=30361322 | last1=Keogan | first1=S. | last2=Li | first2=S. | last3=Clancy | first3=L. | journal=Tobacco Control | volume=28 | issue=4 | pages=414–419 | doi=10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2018-054243 | pmc=6589447 }}</ref> and in 2020 a UK randomised clinical trial found Allen Carr's Easyway "as good as if not better than, the Gold Standard NHS Programme which uses NRT & 1-1 psychological support.<ref>{{cite journal|title=Comparison of Allen Carr's Easyway programme with a specialist behavioural and pharmacological smoking cessation support service: a randomized controlled trial|year=2020|publisher=Alan Carr|doi=10.1111/add.14897|last1=Frings|first1=Daniel|last2=Albery|first2=Ian P.|last3=Moss|first3=Antony C.|last4=Brunger|first4=Helen|last5=Burghelea|first5=Meda|last6=White|first6=Sarah|last7=Wood|first7=Kerry V.|journal=Addiction|volume=115|issue=5|pages=977–985|pmid=31968400|pmc=7186816 |s2cid=210866371|doi-access=free}}</ref> 

The two randomised controlled trials formed part of the evidence which led to approval for Allen Carr's Easyway to Stop Smoking in-person Live Group Seminars use on the National Health Service (NHS). Approval was granted by England's internationally renowned National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE)<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-30 |title=Recommendations on treating tobacco dependence {{!}} Tobacco: preventing uptake, promoting quitting and treating dependence {{!}} Guidance |url=https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng209/chapter/Recommendations-on-treating-tobacco-dependence#stop-smoking-interventions:~:text=Ensure%20the%20following,person%20group%20seminar. |access-date=2024-08-21 |website=www.nice.org.uk}}</ref> with the committee finding that Allen Carr's Easyway was not only effective but also cost-effective.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-11-30 |title=Recommendations on treating tobacco dependence {{!}} Tobacco: preventing uptake, promoting quitting and treating dependence {{!}} Guidance |url=https://www.nice.org.uk/guidance/ng209/chapter/Recommendations-on-treating-tobacco-dependence#stop-smoking-interventions:~:text=evidence%20review%20P:%20effectiveness%20and%20cost-effectiveness%20of%20Allen%20Carr's%20Easyway |access-date=2024-08-21 |website=www.nice.org.uk}}</ref> Allen Carr's Easyway is now used by NHS/Local Council Stop Smoking Services.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-19 |title=Find Your Local Stop Smoking Service (LSSS) - Better Health |url=https://www.nhs.uk/better-health/quit-smoking/find-your-local-stop-smoking-service/#:~:text=Some%20local%20services%20might%20also%20offer%20access%20to%20other%20types%20of%20support%20such%20as%20Allen%20Carr%E2%80%99s%20Easyway. |access-date=2024-08-21 |website=nhs.uk |language=en}}</ref> Further studies continue to confirm the effectiveness of the method. <ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Prinzio |first1=Reparata Rosa Di |last2=Bondanini |first2=Giorgia |last3=Falco |first3=Federica De |last4=Vinci |first4=Maria Rosaria |last5=Camisa |first5=Vincenzo |last6=Santoro |first6=Annapaola |last7=Arnesano |first7=Gabriele |last8=Dalmasso |first8=Guendalina |last9=Raponi |first9=Massimiliano |last10=Brino |first10=Eugenio Di |last11=Cicchetti |first11=Americo |last12=Magnavita |first12=Nicola |last13=Zaffina |first13=Salvatore |date=2023-08-30 |title=Feasibility of a Stop Smoking Program for Healthcare Workers in an Italian Hospital: Econometric Analysis in a Total Worker Health&reg; Approach |journal=Annals of Global Health |language=en-US |volume=89 |issue=1 |page=56 |doi=10.5334/aogh.4153 |doi-access=free |issn=2214-9996 |pmc=10473173 |pmid=37663224}}</ref>

Based on their full money-back guarantee (which requires two follow-up sessions without reimbursement of travel), Carr's clinics claim 90% success rate in aiding smokers to stop for three months, and 51%<ref>{{cite web|title=How the clinics work|url=https://www.allencarr.com/easyway-stop-smoking/success-rate/|publisher=Alan Carr}}</ref> success rate in helping smokers stop for 12 months based on an independent study not connected with any health organisation.  Celebrity endorsements include [[Richard Branson]], [[Anthony Hopkins]], [[Ashton Kutcher]], [[Ellen DeGeneres]], [[Nikki Glaser]], [[Chrissie Hynde]], [[Michael McIntyre]], [[Pink (singer)|Pink]], [[Jason Mraz]], [[Charlotte Church]] and [[Hrithik Roshan]] which aids the organisation's efforts to expand commercially.<ref>{{Cite web |url=https://www.allencarr.com/success-stories/ |title=Allen Carr's Easyway: Celebrity Endorsements |access-date=9 December 2012 |url-status=dead |archive-date=22 June 2019 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190622131453/https://www.allencarr.com/success-stories/ }}</ref>

Allen Carr's Clinics are run by facilitators who were once smokers and have used Carr's method to stop smoking. All therapists/facilitators are members of an association created by Allen Carr's Easyway organisation, Members of the Association of Allen Carr Therapists International (MAACTI), and membership indicates that the therapist/facilitator has completed the rigorous recruitment, and the comprehensive training & development process required before anyone can practise as an Allen Carr's Easyway therapist/facilitator. They can only do so under license with Allen Carr's Easyway (International) Ltd or Allen Carr's Easyway (US) Ltd.

Carr also wrote a number of other how-to books on subjects such as losing weight, stopping [[alcohol (drug)|alcohol]] consumption, and overcoming the fear of flying. Along with his close friends, protégés, & co-authors Robin Hayley (chairman, Allen Carr's Easyway) & John C. Dicey (Global CEO & Senior Allen Carr's Easyway Therapist), he wrote books dealing with gambling, debt/junk-spending, sugar addiction, emotional eating, mindfulness, tech/smartphone addiction, caffeine addiction, vaping/JUUL with Online Video Programmes handling smoking, vaping/JUUL, alcohol, cocaine, cannabis, sugar & carb addiction, emotional eating, gambling, caffeine addiction, fear of flying, and mindfulness. In 2020, it was estimated that Allen Carr's Easyway method had helped more than 50 million people worldwide.<ref>
{{Cite web|title=World No Tobacco Day, 31St May: Allen Carr's Easyway Celebrates Helping More Than 50 Million Smokers Worldwide – PR Newswire APAC|url=https://en.prnasia.com/story/281311-0.shtml|access-date=2021-03-23|website=en.prnasia.com|language=en-us}}</ref><ref>{{Cite press release|last=Easyway|first=Allen Carr’s|title=World No Tobacco Day, 31st May: Allen Carr's Easyway Celebrates Helping More Than 50 Million Smokers Worldwide|url=https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/world-no-tobacco-day-31st-may--allen-carrs-easyway-celebrates-helping-more-than-50-million-smokers-worldwide-301067228.html|access-date=2021-03-23|agency=PR Newswire|language=en}}</ref> 
In 2021, Allen Carr's Easyway assisted the World Health Organisation's year-long global campaign for World No Tobacco Day 2021.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Allen Carr's Easyway|url=https://www.who.int/campaigns/world-no-tobacco-day/world-no-tobacco-day-2021/quitting-toolkit/allen-carr-s-easyway|access-date=2021-03-23|website=who.int|language=en}}</ref>