Open main menu
Home
Random
Recent changes
Special pages
Community portal
Preferences
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Incubator escapee wiki
Search
User menu
Talk
Dark mode
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Editing
Allergen
(section)
Warning:
You are not logged in. Your IP address will be publicly visible if you make any edits. If you
log in
or
create an account
, your edits will be attributed to your username, along with other benefits.
Anti-spam check. Do
not
fill this in!
== Examples == [[File:Misc pollen.jpg|thumb|240px|right|[[Scanning electron microscope|SEM]] of miscellaneous plant pollens. Pollens are very common allergens.]] [[File:House Dust Mite.jpg|thumb|240px|right|The [[house dust mite]], its feces and [[chitin]] are common allergens]] Allergens can be found in a variety of sources, such as [[dust mite]] excretion, [[pollen]], pet [[dander]], or even [[royal jelly]].<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Rosmilah M, Shahnaz M, Patel G, Lock J, Rahman D, Masita A, Noormalin A | title = Characterization of major allergens of royal jelly Apis mellifera | journal = Tropical Biomedicine | volume = 25 | issue = 3 | pages = 243–251 | date = December 2008 | pmid = 19287364 }}</ref> Food allergies are not as common as [[food sensitivity]], but some foods such as [[peanut]]s (a [[legume]]), [[Nut (fruit)|nut]]s, [[seafood]] and [[shellfish]] are the cause of serious allergies in many people.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Francis |first1=Olivia L. |last2=Wang |first2=Kathleen Y. |last3=Kim |first3=Edwin H. |last4=Moran |first4=Timothy P. |date=2020-09-01 |title=Common food allergens and cross-reactivity |journal=Journal of Food Allergy |language=en |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=17–21 |doi=10.2500/jfa.2020.2.200020 |issn=2689-0267 |pmc=11250430 |pmid=39022146}}</ref> The United States [[Food and Drug Administration]] recognizes nine foods as major food allergens: peanuts, tree nuts, eggs, milk, shellfish, fish, wheat, soy, and most recently sesame,<ref>{{Cite web | work = Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition |date=2023-01-10 |title=Food Allergies |url=https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/food-allergies |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201110155745/https://www.fda.gov/food/food-labeling-nutrition/food-allergies |url-status=dead |archive-date=10 November 2020 |access-date=2023-12-23 |publisher = U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) |language=en}}</ref> as well as sulfites (chemical-based, often found in flavors and colors in foods) at 10ppm and over.{{Citation needed|date=December 2023}} In other countries, due to differences in the genetic profiles of their citizens and different levels of exposure to specific foods, the official allergen lists will vary. Canada recognizes all nine of the allergens recognized by the US as well as mustard.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/labeti/allerg/20110216inde.shtml |title = Revised Labelling Regulations for Food Allergens, Gluten Sources and Sulphites (Amendments to the Food and Drug Regulations) | work = Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) |access-date=28 February 2011 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110222005144/http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/fssa/labeti/allerg/20110216inde.shtml |archive-date=22 February 2011 }}</ref> The [[European Union]] additionally recognizes other [[gluten|gluten-containing cereals]] as well as celery and [[lupinus|lupin]].<ref>{{Cite web |title=Food Allergens - European Union | work = Food Allergy Research and Resource Program (FARRP) | publisher = University of Nebraska–Lincoln |url=https://farrp.unl.edu/ref-sit-eu |access-date=2024-06-23 }}</ref> Another allergen is [[urushiol]], a resin produced by [[poison-ivy (plant)|poison ivy]] and [[poison oak]], which causes the skin rash condition known as [[urushiol-induced contact dermatitis]] by changing a skin cell's configuration so that it is no longer recognized by the immune system as part of the body. Various trees and wood products such as paper, cardboard, [[MDF board|MDF]] etc. can also cause mild to severe allergy symptoms through touch or inhalation of sawdust such as asthma and skin rash.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wood-database.com/wood-articles/wood-allergies-and-toxicity/ |title=Wood Allergies and Toxicity |publisher=The Wood Database |access-date=24 April 2014 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140502174208/http://www.wood-database.com/wood-articles/wood-allergies-and-toxicity |archive-date=2 May 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> An allergic reaction can be caused by any form of direct contact with the allergen—consuming food or drink one is sensitive to (ingestion), breathing in pollen, perfume or pet dander (inhalation), or brushing a body part against an allergy-causing plant (direct contact). Other common causes of serious allergy are [[wasp]],<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = dos Santos-Pinto JR, dos Santos LD, Arcuri HA, da Silva Menegasso AR, Pêgo PN, Santos KS, Castro FM, Kalil JE, De-Simone SG, Palma MS | title = B-cell linear epitopes mapping of antigen-5 allergen from Polybia paulista wasp venom | journal = The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology | volume = 135 | issue = 1 | pages = 264–267 | date = January 2015 | pmid = 25129676 | doi = 10.1016/j.jaci.2014.07.006 | doi-access = free }}</ref> [[fire ant]]<ref>{{cite journal | vauthors = Zamith-Miranda D, Fox EG, Monteiro AP, Gama D, Poublan LE, de Araujo AF, Araujo MF, Atella GC, Machado EA, Diaz BL | title = The allergic response mediated by fire ant venom proteins | journal = Scientific Reports | volume = 8 | issue = 1 | pages = 14427 | date = September 2018 | pmid = 30258210 | pmc = 6158280 | doi = 10.1038/s41598-018-32327-z | bibcode = 2018NatSR...814427Z }}</ref> and [[bee]] stings,<ref>{{Cite journal| vauthors = de Lima PR, Brochetto-Braga MR |date=2003|title=Hymenoptera venom review focusing on Apis mellifera|journal=Journal of Venomous Animals and Toxins Including Tropical Diseases|volume=9|issue=2|doi=10.1590/S1678-91992003000200002|issn=1678-9199|doi-access=free}}</ref> [[penicillin]],<ref>{{Cite web| vauthors = Solensky R | veditors = Phillips EJ, Feldweg AM | title = Penicillin allergy: Immediate reactions | url= https://www.uptodate.com/contents/penicillin-allergy-immediate-reactions| work = UpToDate |access-date=2019-06-25}}</ref> and [[Latex allergy|latex]].<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Nucera |first1=Eleonora |last2=Aruanno |first2=Arianna |last3=Rizzi |first3=Angela |last4=Centrone |first4=Michele |date=2020-09-28 |title=Latex Allergy: Current Status and Future Perspectives |journal=Journal of Asthma and Allergy |language=English |volume=13 |pages=385–398 |doi=10.2147/JAA.S242058|doi-access=free |pmid=33061465 |pmc=7532063 |hdl=10807/161325 |hdl-access=free }}</ref> An extremely serious form of an allergic reaction is called [[anaphylaxis]]. <ref>{{Citation |last1=McLendon |first1=Kevin |title=Anaphylaxis |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482124/ |access-date=2025-01-21 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=29489197 |last2=Sternard |first2=Britni T.}}</ref> One form of treatment is the administration of sterile [[epinephrine]] to the person experiencing anaphylaxis, which suppresses the body's overreaction to the allergen, and allows for the patient to be transported to a medical facility.<ref>{{Citation |last1=McLendon |first1=Kevin |title=Anaphylaxis |date=2025 |work=StatPearls |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK482124/ |access-date=2025-01-21 |place=Treasure Island (FL) |publisher=StatPearls Publishing |pmid=29489197 |last2=Sternard |first2=Britni T.}}</ref>
Edit summary
(Briefly describe your changes)
By publishing changes, you agree to the
Terms of Use
, and you irrevocably agree to release your contribution under the
CC BY-SA 4.0 License
and the
GFDL
. You agree that a hyperlink or URL is sufficient attribution under the Creative Commons license.
Cancel
Editing help
(opens in new window)