Editing Allianz Arena (section)

== Design ==

=== Capacity ===
Effective with the city's approval of modifications that was granted 16 January 2006, the legal capacity of the stadium increased from 69,000 to 71,000 spectators (including standing room). The lower tier can seat up to 20,000, the middle tier up to 24,000, and the upper tier up to 22,000. 10,400 of the seats in the lower tier corners can be converted to standing room to allow an additional 3,120 spectators. The total capacity includes 2,000 business seats, 400 seats for the press, 106 luxury boxes with seating for up to 174, and 165 berths for wheelchairs and the like. From the second half of the [[2005–06 Bundesliga]] season, the arena was able to accommodate 69,901 spectators at league and [[DFB-Pokal]] games, but because of [[UEFA]] regulations, the capacity remained at 66,000 seats for [[UEFA Champions League]] and [[UEFA Europa League|UEFA Cup]] games. Bayern Munich limited capacity during their league and cup games to 69,000. The partial roof covers all seats, although winds can still blow rain onto some of them. Prior to the 2012–13 season, Bayern Munich announced that capacity had been increased to 71,000 for domestic matches and 68,000 for UEFA matches, with the addition of 2,000 seats in the upper tier of the arena.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.fcbayern.telekom.de/en/news/news/2012/36639.php | title = Allianz Arena capacity increased to 71,000 | publisher = FC Bayern Munich | date = 29 August 2012 | access-date= 8 October 2012}}</ref>

Allianz Arena also offers three-day-care centres and a fan shop, the FC Bayern Munich Megastore.{{cn|date=January 2024}} Merchandise is offered at stands all along the inside of the exterior wall inside the area behind the seats.{{cn|date=January 2024}} Numerous restaurants and fast-food establishments are also located around the stadium.

There are four team locker rooms (one each for the two home teams and their respective opponents), four coaches' locker rooms, and two locker rooms for referees.{{cn|date=January 2024}} Two areas are provided where athletes can warm up (approx. 110 m<sup>2</sup> each).{{cn|date=January 2024}} There are also 550 toilets and 190 monitors in the arena.

On 28 April 2013, FC Bayern announced it would be selling 300 more tickets in the Südkurve starting with the [[2013–14 Bundesliga|2013–14 Bundesliga season]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.fcbayern.telekom.de/de/aktuell/news/2013/41928.php | title = FCB erhöht Ticketkontingent in der Südkurve | publisher = FC Bayern Munich | date = 27 April 2013 | access-date =28 April 2013}}</ref>

On 21 January 2014, [[Karl-Heinz Rummenigge]] declared that FC Bayern was discussing a further expansion of the Allianz Arena.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.tz.de/sport/fc-bayern/allianz-arena-wird-ausgebaut-karl-heinz-rummenigge-bayern-ueber-plaene-exklusiv-tz-3325199.html | title = Bayern rüstet auf 75.000 auf | publisher = tz München | date = 21 January 2014 | access-date =22 January 2014}}</ref> About 2,000 new seats were to be installed in the upper tier and about 2,000 more tickets in the Nord- and Südkurve. In August 2014, it was reported that the capacity expansion was completed leading to a new maximum capacity of 75,024 in the Bundesliga and 69,334 in international matches.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.fcbayern.de/en/news/news/2014/new-in-the-bundesliga-for-2014-15.php | title = What's new for the 2014/2015 Bundesliga season | publisher = FC Bayern Munich | date = 21 August 2014 | access-date =22 August 2014}}</ref> Approval was given in January 2015 to expand the stadium's capacity to 75,000 for Bundesliga Games and 70,000 for games in the Champions League.<ref>{{cite web |url= http://www.fcbayern.de/de/news/news/2015/ab-sofort-75-000-fans-bei-bundesliga-heimspielen-genehmigung-130115.php |title= Ab sofort 75.000 Fans bei Bundesliga Heimspielen |trans-title= From now on 75,000 fans at Bundesliga home games |publisher= FC Bayern Munich |date=13 January 2015 |language= de |access-date= 13 January 2015}}</ref>

[[File:Allianz-Arena.ebenerdig.rang1-3.s.JPG|right|thumb|Part of Allianz Arena roof's sun-shade blinds rolled open]]
[[File:Allianz Arena Illumination UEFA Champions League 2011-2012 2.jpeg|left|thumb|Illumination during the [[2012 UEFA Champions League final]]]]
[[File:Allianz Arena, Múnich, Alemania, 2013-02-11, DD 10.JPG|thumb|Allianz Arena with the [[Holy Cross Church, Munich|Holy Cross Church]], the oldest church of Munich]]

=== Construction ===
[[File:Allianzarena bau.jpg|thumb|Allianz Arena under construction (August 2004)]]

The stadium construction began on 21 October 2002 and it was officially opened on 30 May 2005. The primary designers are architects [[Herzog & de Meuron]]. The stadium is designed so that the main entrance to the stadium would be from an elevated esplanade separated from the parking space consisting of Europe's biggest underground car park.<ref>{{cite web|title=The inside story of the Allianz Arena, Champions League Final venue|url=http://fourfourtwo.com/blogs/fourfourtwoview/archive/2012/04/26/the-inside-story-of-the-allianz-arena-champions-league-final-venue.aspx|publisher=Four Four Two magazine|access-date=16 June 2012|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120508215211/http://fourfourtwo.com/blogs/fourfourtwoview/archive/2012/04/26/the-inside-story-of-the-allianz-arena-champions-league-final-venue.aspx|archive-date=8 May 2012}}</ref> The roof of the stadium has built-in roller blinds which may be drawn back and forth during games to provide protection from the sun.

*Total concrete used during stadium construction: 120,000 m<sup>3</sup>{{cn|date=January 2024}}
*Total concrete used for the parking garage: 85,000 m<sup>3</sup>{{cn|date=January 2024}}
*Total steel used during stadium construction: 22,000 tonnes{{cn|date=January 2024}}
*Total steel used for the parking garage: 14,000 tonnes{{cn|date=January 2024}}

=== Luminous exterior ===
The arena facade is constructed of 2,760 [[ETFE]]-foil air panels that are kept inflated with dry air to a differential pressure of 3.5 [[Pascal (unit)|Pa]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://allianz-arena.de/en/fakten/detaillierte-zahlen/ | title = Nuts and bolts | publisher = allianz-arena.de | access-date = 3 June 2013 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130802034133/http://www.allianz-arena.de/en/fakten/detaillierte-zahlen/ | archive-date = 2 August 2013 | url-status = dead }}</ref> The panels appear white from far away but when examined closely, there are little dots on the panels.{{cn|date=January 2024}} When viewed from far away, the eye combines the dots and sees white.{{cn|date=January 2024}} When viewed close up however, it is possible to see through the foil.{{cn|date=January 2024}} The foil has a thickness of 0.2&nbsp;mm.{{cn|date=January 2024}} Each panel can be independently lit with white, red, or blue light.{{cn|date=January 2024}} The panels are lit for each game with the colours of the respective home team—red for Bayern Munich, blue for TSV and white for the [[Germany national football team|Germany national team]].{{cn|date=January 2024}}  White is also used when the stadium is a neutral venue, like the [[2012 UEFA Champions League final]].{{cn|date=January 2024}} Other colours or multicolour or interchanging lighting schemes are theoretically possible, but the Munich Police strongly insists on using a single-colour lighting scheme due to several car accidents on the nearby [[Bundesautobahn 9|A9 Autobahn]] with drivers being distracted by the changing lights.

Allianz Arena's innovative stadium-facade lighting concept has been subsequently adopted in other recently built venues, like [[MetLife Stadium]] in [[New Jersey]], which lights up in blue for the [[National Football League]]'s [[New York Giants|Giants]] and green for the [[New York Jets|Jets]].{{cn|date=January 2024}} With electricity costs for the light of about €50 ([[United States dollar|USD$]]75) per hour, the construction emits enough light that, on clear nights, the stadium can easily be spotted from Austrian mountain tops, e.g. from a distance of 50 miles (80&nbsp;km).

[[File:Allianz Arena, Múnich, Alemania, 2013-02-11, DD 16.JPG|thumb|Allianz Arena]]

=== Transport ===
Patrons may park their cars in Europe's largest parking structure, comprising four four-storey parking garages with 9,800 parking places.{{cn|date=January 2024}} In addition, 1,200 places were built into the first two tiers of the arena, 350 places are available for buses (240 at the north end, and 110 at the south entrance), and 130 more spots are reserved for those with disabilities.

The stadium is located next to the [[Fröttmaning (Munich U-Bahn)|Fröttmaning U-Bahn]] station.{{cn|date=January 2024}} This is on the [[U6 (Munich U-Bahn)|U6]] line of the [[Munich U-Bahn]].

=== Surroundings ===
From the subway station just south of the arena, visitors approach the stadium through a park that was designed to disentangle and guide them to the entrance.{{cn|date=January 2024}} An [[esplanade]] rises gradually from ground level at the subway station entrance, practically building the parking garage's cover, to the entrance level of the stadium.{{cn|date=January 2024}} On the other side of the Autobahn, the Fröttmaning Hill with its windmill affords a marvellous view on the stadium.{{according to whom|date=January 2024}} Also the Romanesque Heilig-Kreuz-Kirche, the oldest structure on the area of the City of Munich designed to serve religious purposes, is located there together with its copy, an artwork in concrete as a reminder for the village of Fröttmaning which disappeared with the construction of the [[Autobahn]].

=== Owners ===
The arena was commissioned by the Allianz Arena München Stadion GmbH, founded in 2001, and was owned in equal parts by the two football clubs that called it home.{{cn|date=January 2024}} The GmbH's CEO was Karl-Heinz Wildmoser Jr. until the unravelling of the [[#Stadium corruption affair|stadium corruption affair (see below)]]. Since then, Bernd Rauch, Peter Kerspe, and Walter Leidecker have led the company.{{cn|date=January 2024}} In April 2006, FC Bayern Munich bought out TSV 1860 Munich's 50 per cent share in the arena for a reported €11&nbsp;million.{{cn|date=January 2024}} 1860 managing director Stefan Ziffzer stated that the deal prevented insolvency for the club.{{cn|date=January 2024}} The terms of the agreement gave 1860 the right to buy back their 50 per cent share of the arena for the price of sale plus interest anytime before June 2010.{{cn|date=January 2024}} In November 2007, 1860 Munich resigned that right.{{cn|date=January 2024}} In advance, the income of two friendly-games both clubs shared equally instead of having that money going to Allianz Arena GmbH. Due to 1860 Munich's financial turbulence, Bayern Munich took over all the shares and owns 100 per cent of the Allianz Arena.

=== Name ===
[[Allianz]] paid significant sums for the right to lend its name to the stadium for a duration of 30 years.{{cn|date=January 2024}} However, Allianz is not a sponsor for UEFA and FIFA competitions, and for this reason, the logo is covered during Champions League games, and was removed during the [[2006 FIFA World Cup]] and [[UEFA Euro 2024]].

=== Cost ===
The cost of the construction itself ran to €286&nbsp;million, but financing costs raised that figure to a total of €340&nbsp;million.{{cn|date=January 2024}} In addition, the city and State incurred approximately €210&nbsp;million for area development and infrastructure improvements.

[[File:Allianz Arena aerial view.jpg|right|thumb|Aerial photo of Allianz Arena with surrounding area, shortly before construction was complete (January 2005)]]